关键词: 啮齿动物, 分散贮食, 种子扩散, 生境, 扩散距离

Abstract: In order to explore the relationship between habitat and rodent dispersal to seeds,using the plastic label marking method,Pinus koraiensis（P.k）, Corylus mandshurica（C.m）, and Quercus mongolica（Q.m） seeds were used as materials for the experiments, from September to November 2020, and four habitats （broad-leaved forest, forest edge, mixed forest, artificial pine forest） in Zhangguangcai Mountains, Heilongjiang Province were selected as experimental sites. The results showed that, ①The dispersal distance of plant seeds in the artificial pine forest（2.92±2.24 m）provided a better hiding environment for rodents, with the least anthropogenic disturbance,which was much better than that in broad-leaved forest（3.69±1.92 m）, forest edge（3.46±2.29 m） and mixed forest（3.43±2.25 m）（P<0.01）. The differences in seed dispersal distances among the remaining three forest types were not significant. ②The dispersal distances of the three seeds were （4.38±3.62） m for P.k, （3.29±2.70） m for C.m, and （2.16±2.66） m for Q.m, under conditions without habitat differences. The dispersal distance of P.k, C.m and Q.m seeds was concentrated within the range of 1~6 m. It indicated that the distance of seed dispersal by rodents was related to the concealability of the habitat and the degree of artificial interference, the better the state of concealment in the habitat, the smaller the dispersal distance, the more the artificial interference, the greater the dispersal distance. Rodents differed in their diffuse selection of plant seeds. The difference in dispersal distances between P.k and C.m was not significant when habitats were not distinguished, but both were significantly greater than Q.m.

Key words: rodent, scatter-hoarding, seed dispersal, habitat, diffusion distance