牡丹品种群的花期物候特征

doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2026.05.019

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以85个观赏牡丹(Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.)品种为材料,开展花期物候观测与分析。结果表明,依据始花期可将85个品种划分为早花品种群(Early group,E)、中花品种群(Medium group,M)和晚花品种群(Late group,L)三大时序品种群,各类群始花时间跨度达16 d;依据花期持续时间,以4 d为级差,可将品种划分为短花(S)、中花(M)、长花(L)3类长度类型,85个品种的平均花期长度为(8.7±2.5) d。构建了始花期(S1)、盛花期(S2)和末花期(S3)3个阶段品种频度指数(CFI)的动态函数模型,并通过观赏多度指数(CDI)分析确定了洛阳牡丹群体的最佳观赏期为4月8—14日。花期性状与气象因子的相关性分析表明,日平均气温与始花期(r=0.633)、盛花期(r=0.725)和末花期(r=0.405)均呈极显著相关。

关键词: 观赏牡丹(Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.), 花期, 物候时序, 气象因子, 相关性分析

Abstract: Using 85 ornamental peony cultivars as materials, flowering phenology observation and analysis were conducted. The results showed that based on the initial flowering date, the 85 cultivars could be classified into three sequential groups: Early-flowering group (E), medium-flowering group (M), and late-flowering group (L), with a time span of 16 days for the initial flowering date across the groups. Based on flowering duration, using a 4-day difference as the class interval, the cultivars could be categorized into three duration types: Short-flowering (S), medium-flowering (M), and long-flowering (L). The average flowering duration of the 85 cultivars was (8.7±2.5) days. Dynamic function models for the Cultivar Frequency Index (CFI) were constructed for three stages: Initial flowering stage (S1), full flowering stage (S2), and final flowering stage (S3). Through analysis of the cultivar display index (CDI), the optimal viewing period for the peony population in Luoyang was determined to be from April 8 to 14. Correlation analysis between flowering traits and meteorological factors indicated that daily mean temperature was significantly correlated with initial flowering date (r = 0.633), full flowering date (r = 0.725), and final flowering date (r = 0.405).

Key words: ornamental peony(Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.), flowering period, phenological sequence, meteorological factors, correlation analysis

中图分类号:

王若晗, 丁建兰, 姚俊巧, 马会萍, 马卓华. 牡丹品种群的花期物候特征[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2026, 65(5): 119-125.

WANG Ruo-han, DING Jian-lan, YAO Jun-qiao, MA Hui-ping, MA Zhuo-hua. Phenological characteristics of the flowering period in peony cultivar groups[J]. HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2026, 65(5): 119-125.

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