关键词: 生态家禽, 质量安全追溯, 物联网, 多源数据库, 环境监测, 二维码追溯

Abstract: To address the problems of scattered information records, insufficient real-time environmental monitoring, and poor integration of product quality and safety traceability links in ecological poultry farming, a whole-process quality and safety traceability system for ecological poultry farming based on the Internet of Things was developed for an ecological poultry production scenario in Danzhai County, Guizhou Province, China. The system integrated wireless sensor networks, a SQL Server database, QR code labeling, a web-based management interface, and mobile-terminal query technologies. A multi-source traceability database was established to manage information on poultry farms, farming zones, poultry breeds, farming batches, individual poultry, rearing records, disease prevention and control records, health records, quality inspections, processing, sales, transportation, and storage. The system provided automatic collection of environmental parameters, digital management of production process information, generation of product traceability codes, printing of QR code labels, and consumer-side traceability queries by QR code scanning. Demonstration applications were conducted for 20 000 broilers, 75 000 laying hens, and egg product traceability. An information traceability chain covering farming, quality inspection, processing, storage, transportation, sales, and consumer queries was established. The demonstration results showed that the system completed the intended functions of environmental data collection, production process recording, cross-stage data association, product coding, and consumer-side traceability queries. The system could provide a technical reference for the digital management of ecological poultry farming, product quality and safety traceability, and standardized industrial development.

Key words: ecological poultry, quality and safety traceability, Internet of Things, multi-source database, environmental monitoring, QR code traceability