湖北农业科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (7): 77-81.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.07.017

• 资源·环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

丹江口库区坡耕地玉米间作模式经济与环境效益分析

李涛1, 戢正华1, 蔡建波2, 夏文建3, 薛利红4, 余文畅5, 林杉2   

  1. 1.湖北省十堰市农业生态环境保护站,湖北 十堰442000;
    2.华中农业大学资源与环境学院/农业部长江中下游耕地保育重点实验室,武汉430070;
    3.江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所,南昌330200;
    4.江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,南京210014;
    5.湖北省宜昌市农业生态与资源保护站,湖北 宜昌443005
  • 收稿日期:2020-02-18 发布日期:2020-06-28
  • 通讯作者: 林杉,男,福建平潭人,副教授,主要从事农业生态环境研究,(电子信箱)linshan@mail.hzau.edu.cn。
  • 作者简介:李涛(1981-),男,湖北十堰人,高级农艺师, 主要从事农业面源污染研究,(电话)0719-98657767(电子信箱)362459872@qq.com;
  • 基金资助:
    水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07205-002-02-01); 国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0301103); 湖北省自然科学基金项目(2017CFB159)

Economic and environmental benefits of maize intercropping patterns on sloping farmland in Danjiangkou reservior area

LI Tao1, ZHE Zheng-hua1, CAI Jian-bo2, XIA Wen-jian3, XUE Li-hong4, YU Wen-chang5, LIN Shan2   

  1. 1. Shiyan Agro-Ecology Environmental Protection Station, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China;
    2. College of Recourses and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation in Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430070, China;
    3. Institute of Soil Fertilizer and Resource Environment, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330200, China;
    4. Institute of Agricultural Resource and Environmental Sciences, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China;
    5. Agricultural Ecology and Resource Protection Station of Yichang, Yichang 443005, Hubei, China
  • Received:2020-02-18 Published:2020-06-28

摘要: 2013—2015年连续3年采用田间小区试验,研究了自然降雨条件下玉米(Zea mays L.)单作、玉米间作白芷(Angelica dahurica)、玉米间作甘薯[Dioscorea esculenta (Lour.) Burkill]对丹江口库区坡耕地地表氮、磷养分流失的影响,并进行了经济效益分析。结果表明,玉米间作模式对坡耕地地表氮、磷有显著的阻控作用,并可有效降低水土流失。与玉米单作相比,玉米间作白芷和玉米间作甘薯的径流总氮年均流失量分别减少了32.09%和20.37%,径流总磷年均流失量分别减少了32.08%和18.40%,泥沙流失量分别减少了9.18%和11.05%。玉米间作白芷经济效益最高,其次是玉米间作甘薯,分别是玉米单作的4.24和2.73倍。从农田氮、磷面源污染控制和经济效益综合分析,玉米间作白芷模式是丹江口库区较合理的生态种植模式,可进一步推广应用。

关键词: 玉米(Zea mays L.), 间作模式, 坡耕地, 阻控作用, 经济效益, 丹江口库区

Abstract: The experiment was conducted in natural rainfall condition under in the Danjiangkou reservoir area from 2013 to 2015 to study the characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus loss from slop farmland and economic benefit under different planting patterns of maize(Zea mays L.) monoculture, maize intercropping angelica dahurica(Angelica dahurica) and maize intercropping sweet potato [Dioscorea esculenta (Lour.) Burkill]. The result showed that the maize and other crops intercropping had better interception effect on nitrogen and phosphorus runoff loss, and could decrease the soil and water runoff loss from slop farmland. In comparison with the maize monoculture, runoff loss of total nitrogen was decreased under maize intercropping angelica dahurica and maize intercropping sweet potato, with the decreases of 32.09% and 20.37%, respectively, the runoff loss of total phosphorus decreased by 32.08% and 18.40%, respectively, and the sediment particle losses decreased by 9.18% and 11.05%. The maize intercropping angelica dahurica had the highest economic benefit, followed by the maize intercropping sweet potato, and the economic net income reached 4.24 times and 2.73 times than maize monoculture, respectively. Maize intercropping angelica dahurica was the optimal cropping pattern and should be adapted to a larger area in Danjiangkou reservoir area according to its economic benefic and non-point source pollution control by nitrogen and phosphorus in farmland.

Key words: maize(Zea mays L.), intercropping pattern, sloping farmland, control effect, economic benefits, Danjiangkou reservoir area

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