不同水肥处理对稻麦轮作农田土壤氮磷肥力特征的影响

doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.06.004

湖北农业科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (6): 23-26.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.06.004

不同水肥处理对稻麦轮作农田土壤氮磷肥力特征的影响

孙婉薷¹, 沈健林², 李勇², 王毅², 王波¹

1.苏州大学金螳螂建筑学院,江苏苏州 215123;
2.中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所,长沙 410125

收稿日期:2020-12-24 出版日期:2021-03-25 发布日期:2021-04-07
通讯作者: 王波（1965-）,男,江苏苏州人,副教授,主要从事植物营养与生态修复研究,（电子信箱）wangb@suda.edu.cn。
作者简介:孙婉薷（1997-）,女,陕西安康人,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为植物营养与生态修复,（电话）18896520380（电子信箱）781398385@qq.com。
基金资助:
国家科技部重点研发计划项目（2017YFD0800100）

Effects of different water and fertilizer treatments on soil nitrogen and phosphorus fertility characteristics in rice-wheat rotation field

SUN Wan-ru¹, SHEN Jian-lin², LI Yong², WANG Yi², WANG Bo¹

1. Gold Mantis School of Architecture, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123,Jiangsu,China;
2. Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China

Received:2020-12-24 Online:2021-03-25 Published:2021-04-07

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用不同灌溉方式、氮肥类型、磷肥水平等处理对太湖流域稻麦轮作农田氮、磷肥力变化进行探究。结果表明,与泡田前相比,传统灌溉水稻收获后土壤全氮、铵态氮、硝态氮、全磷、有效磷含量分别下降3.73~12.27、18.58~43.34、7.36~24.15、1.22~9.67、14.03~35.92个百分点;与传统灌溉相比,间歇灌溉处理收获后土壤铵态氮、硝态氮分别下降12.81~20.25个百分点和2.46~14.36个百分点,全磷升高1.65~3.99个百分点;在传统灌溉、间歇灌溉中,新型缓释氮肥减氮30%处理收获后土壤全氮、全磷含量均高于常规尿素分次施肥处理、不施肥处理;与相应对照处理相比,稻季无磷处理收获后土壤全磷升高0.38~5.62个百分点。因此,间歇灌溉、缓释氮肥减氮30%和稻季无磷处理能有效减少土壤氮素、磷素流失,从而减少农田氮、磷流失造成的水体污染。

关键词: 灌溉方式, 施肥方式, 土壤氮、磷, 稻麦轮作, 太湖流域

Abstract: Different irrigation methods, types of nitrogen fertilizer, and phosphorus fertilizer levels were used to explore changes in nitrogen and phosphorus fertility of rice-wheat rotation fields in Taihu lake basin. The results showed that the total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, total phosphorus, and available phosphorus content in the soil after the rice harvest decreased by 3.73~12.27, 18.58~43.34, 7.36~24.15, 1.22~9.67 and 14.03~35.92 percentage points respectively, compared with those before soaking; Compared with traditional irrigation, intermittent irrigation treatments reduced the ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen of the soil after harvest by 12.81~20.25 and 2.46~14.36 percentage points, and the total phosphorus increased by 1.65~3.99 percentage points; In traditional irrigation and intermittent irrigation, the content of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the soil after harvest treated with the new slow-release nitrogen fertilizer reduced by 30% was higher than that of conventional urea split fertilization and no fertilization treatments; Compared with the control treatment, the rice season with no phosphorus treatments after harvest, the total phosphorus in the soil increased by 0.38~5.62 percentage points. Therefore, intermittent irrigation, slow-release nitrogen fertilizer with 30% nitrogen reduction and rice season phosphorus-free treatment can effectively reduce soil nitrogen and phosphorus losses, thereby reducing water pollution caused by farmland nitrogen and phosphorus loss.

Key words: irrigation method, fertilization method, soil nitrogen and phosphorus, rice-wheat rotation, Taihu lake basin

中图分类号:

孙婉薷, 沈健林, 李勇, 王毅, 王波. 不同水肥处理对稻麦轮作农田土壤氮磷肥力特征的影响[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2021, 60(6): 23-26.

SUN Wan-ru, SHEN Jian-lin, LI Yong, WANG Yi, WANG Bo. Effects of different water and fertilizer treatments on soil nitrogen and phosphorus fertility characteristics in rice-wheat rotation field[J]. HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2021, 60(6): 23-26.

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不同水肥处理对稻麦轮作农田土壤氮磷肥力特征的影响

Effects of different water and fertilizer treatments on soil nitrogen and phosphorus fertility characteristics in rice-wheat rotation field

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