关键词: 玉米（Zea mays）, 春玉米, 气象要素, 产量, 品质, 陇东

Abstract: Based on the meteorological element data of Xifeng District from 1961 to 2020 and the regional joint test of maize in the national agrometeorological experimental station （the spring corn sowing test in Xifeng District by stages） from 2018 to 2020, the impact of meteorological elements on the yield and quality of spring corn（Zea mays） in Longdong was explored. The results showed that the annual average temperature, the annual average maximum temperature, the annual average minimum temperature, and the accumulated temperature ≥10 ℃ in Xifeng District from 1961 to 2020 showed a significant upward trend, while the annual precipitation and sunshine duration showed a decreasing trend and were not significant;during the stage sowing period, different years and sowing dates had different meteorological conditions. During the jointing and tasseling period, spring corn required a large amount of water. The precipitation in 2018 was the highest, which was beneficial for its growth. In 2020, spring drought was encountered, which was unfavorable for the growth of spring corn. In 2020, continuous rainy days were long and of a large magnitude, which affected the pollination and filling of spring corn;the effect of the matching degree of light, heat, and water on the growth and development of spring corn during SD2（2 May） and SD3（12 May） sowing dates was higher than that of other sowing dates each year; the increase of temperature after emergence, the increase of accumulated temperature ≥10 ℃ at emergence to seven-leaf stage and milk mature stage, the increase of precipitation at seven-leaf to milk mature stage, and the increase of sunshine duration at emergence to seven-leaf stage were all conducive to the increase of spring corn yield. Sowing from late April to mid-May could increase the crude protein and fat content of spring corn, but the effect on the crude starch content was not significant. The planting of spring corn in Longdong should choose the appropriate sowing date based on different climatic years.

Key words: corn（Zea mays）, spring corn, meteorological elements, yield, quality, Longdong