增殖放流水域鱼类群落及β多样性时空变化——以雅鲁藏布江藏木段为例

doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.07.022

湖北农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 64 ›› Issue (7): 128-132.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.07.022

增殖放流水域鱼类群落及β多样性时空变化——以雅鲁藏布江藏木段为例

阙培中¹, 杜春忠², 丁瑶³, 路清贤², 顾正选³, 王世军², 陆星宇³, 张欢³, 吴雷⁴

1.华能西藏雅鲁藏布江水电开发投资有限公司藏木水电厂, 西藏山南 856400;
2.华能西藏雅鲁藏布江水电开发投资有限公司街需水电建设分公司, 西藏山南 856400;
3.四川律贝生物科技有限公司, 成都 610000;
4.华中农业大学水产学院, 武汉 430070

收稿日期:2025-03-05 出版日期:2025-07-25 发布日期:2025-08-22
通讯作者: 吴雷, 在读博士研究生,主要从事渔业资源研究,（电话）15927000492（电子信箱）wulei@sinoeco.net。
作者简介:阙培中（1970-）, 男, 福建永定人,本科, 主要从事渔业资源研究,（电话）13693402348（电子信箱）quepz@yjgs.chng.com.cn。

The temporal and spatial variations of fish communities and β-diversity in stock enhancement waters：A case study of the Zangmu reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River

QUE Pei-zhong¹, DU Chun-zhong², DING Yao³, LU Qing-xian², GU Zheng-xuan³, WANG Shi-jun², LU Xing-yu³, ZHANG Huan³, WU Lei⁴

1. Zangmu Hydropower Plant of Huaneng Tibet Yarlung Zangbo River Hydropower Development Co., Ltd., Shannan 856400, Tibet, China;
2. Jiexu Hydropower Branch of Huaneng Tibet Yarlung Zangbo River Hydropower Development Co., Ltd., Shannan 856400, Tibet, China;
3. Sichuan Aquabase Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610000, China;
4. College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China

Received:2025-03-05 Published:2025-07-25 Online:2025-08-22

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了解增殖放流水域鱼类群落结构的变化,以2017—2022年雅鲁藏布江藏木段鱼类资源连续调查数据,通过分解β多样性,分析鱼类群落结构变化及其产生和维持过程。结果表明,雅鲁藏木江藏木段共调查到鱼类30种,以鲤科和鳅科鱼类为主,2017—2020年的优势鱼类均为本土鱼类,2021—2022年优势鱼类中存在外来种。β_sor（总β多样性）和β_sne（嵌套组分）在不同年份间均具有显著差异（P<0.05）,鱼类物种组成变化在不同年份间的差异主要是嵌套组分的变化引起的。β_sim（周转组分）在空间上具有显著差异（P<0.05）,具体体现在非增殖放流鱼类的物种替换上,增殖放流对保护本土鱼类具有积极意义。整体上,β_sim显著大于β_sne（P<0.05）,表明雅鲁藏布江藏木江段鱼类物种组成变化主要以周转模式为主,每个河段均具有保护价值。从鱼类组成变化的角度分析了β多样性及其组分的变化,结果可为建设水利工程水域的增殖放流工作提供科学参考。

关键词: 增殖放流, β多样性, 鱼类群落结构, 雅鲁藏布江

Abstract: To understand the changes in fish community structure in stock enhancement waters, continuous survey data on fish resources from the Zangmu reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River from 2017 to 2022 were used. By decomposing β-diversity, this study analyzed the changes in fish community structure and the mechanisms of succession and stability. The results showed that 30 fish species were surveyed in the Zangmu reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River. From 2017 to 2020, the dominant fish species were all native species, whereas from 2021 to 2022, the dominant species included non-native species. Both β_sor (total β-diversity) and β_sne (nestedness component) showed significant differences between different years(P<0.05), indicating that changes in fish species composition across years were mainly due to changes in the nestedness component. β_sim (turnover component) showed significant spatial differences (P<0.05), specifically in species turnover of non-native fish. The stock enhancement had positive implications for the conservation of native fish. Overall, β_sim was significantly greater than β_sne(P<0.05), indicating that species composition changes in the Zangmu reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River were mainly driven by turnover, highlighting the conservation of each river reach. This study provided a scientific reference for stock enhancement efforts in water conservancy projects by analyzing β-diversity and its components from the perspective of changes in fish composition.

Key words: stock enhancement, β-diversity, fish community structure, Yarlung Zangbo River

中图分类号:

Q958

阙培中, 杜春忠, 丁瑶, 路清贤, 顾正选, 王世军, 陆星宇, 张欢, 吴雷. 增殖放流水域鱼类群落及β多样性时空变化——以雅鲁藏布江藏木段为例[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2025, 64(7): 128-132.

QUE Pei-zhong, DU Chun-zhong, DING Yao, LU Qing-xian, GU Zheng-xuan, WANG Shi-jun, LU Xing-yu, ZHANG Huan, WU Lei. The temporal and spatial variations of fish communities and β-diversity in stock enhancement waters：A case study of the Zangmu reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River[J]. HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2025, 64(7): 128-132.

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增殖放流水域鱼类群落及β多样性时空变化——以雅鲁藏布江藏木段为例

The temporal and spatial variations of fish communities and β-diversity in stock enhancement waters：A case study of the Zangmu reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River

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