牡丹江葛氏鲈塘鳢两性异形及其食性研究

doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2026.01.021

湖北农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 65 ›› Issue (1): 124-130.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2026.01.021

牡丹江葛氏鲈塘鳢两性异形及其食性研究

李殿伟¹, 徐梦昊¹, 单洪佳^1,2, 杨斌斌¹, 许晴¹, 王婉婷¹, 张承志³, 丁森²

1.牡丹江师范学院生命科学与技术学院,黑龙江牡丹江 157011;
2.中国环境科学研究院,北京 100012;
3.哈尔滨市农业科学院水产研究分院,哈尔滨 150029

收稿日期:2025-10-28 出版日期:2026-01-25 发布日期:2026-02-10
通讯作者: 单洪佳,硕士,研究方向为河流生态学,（电子信箱）wiwj0818hj@163.com。
作者简介:李殿伟（1979-）,男,牡丹江穆棱人,教授,博士,研究方向为野生动物植物资源保护与利用,（电话）13804808045（电子信箱）swxldw@126.com。
基金资助:
黑龙江省省属高等学校基本科研业务费科研项目（1453ZD026）; 黑龙江省高等教育教学改革研究项目（SJGY20220619）

The sexual dimorphism and feeding ecology of Perccottus glenii in the Mudanjiang River

LI Dian-wei¹, XU Meng-hao¹, SHAN Hong-jia^1,2, YANG Bin-bin¹, XU Qing¹, WANG Wan-ting¹, ZHANG Cheng-zhi³, DING Sen²

1. College of Life Science and Technology, Mudanjiang Normal University, Mudanjiang 157011, Heilongjiang, China;
2. Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China;
3. Fisheries Research Institute, Harbin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150029, China

Received:2025-10-28 Published:2026-01-25 Online:2026-02-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究牡丹江葛氏鲈塘鳢（Perccottus glenii）两性异形模式和食物资源利用特征,于2023年9—11月在牡丹江流域渤海镇段采用刺网捕捞方式采集葛氏鲈塘鳢样本68尾（雌性32尾,雄性36尾）,测量26项形态学特征后,运用多元统计方法分析其形态学两性异形特征,并使用DNA宏条形码技术揭示其食物组成。结果表明,葛氏鲈塘鳢雌雄两性体型大小无显著差异,但局部形态特征呈现显著两性异形。雄鱼头高/头长、背尾距/体长、胸鳍长/体长、第一背鳍基长/体长、第一背鳍高/体长、第二背鳍基长/体长、第二背鳍高/体长和臀鳍高/体长均显著大于雌鱼,但腹鳍长/体长显著小于雌鱼,推测前者与性选择有关,后者与生殖力选择有关。食性结果显示,葛氏鲈塘鳢为杂食偏肉食性鱼类,以节肢动物等大型底栖动物为主要食物来源。

关键词: 葛氏鲈塘鳢（Perccottus glenii）, 两性异形, 食性, DNA宏条形码技术

Abstract: To explore the sexual dimorphism patterns and food resource utilization characteristics of Perccottus glenii, a total of 68 Perccottus glenii specimens (32 females and 36 males) were collected by gillnet fishing in the Bohai Town section of the Mudanjiang River Basin from September to November 2023. After measuring 26 morphological traits, multivariate statistical analysis methods were applied to detect the morphological sexual dimorphism characteristics, and DNA metabarcoding technology was used to reveal its food composition. The results showed that there was no significant difference in body size between male and female Perccottus glenii, but significant sexual dimorphism was observed in partial morphological traits. Among them, the ratios of head height to head length, distance from dorsal fin to caudal fin to body length, pectoral fin length to body length, first dorsal fin base length to body length, first dorsal fin height to body length, second dorsal fin base length to body length, second dorsal fin height to body length, and anal fin height to body length of males were significantly higher than those of females, while the ratio of pelvic fin length to body length of males was significantly lower than that of females. It was inferred that the former was related to sexual selection, and the latter was associated with fecundity selection. The feeding habit results indicated that Perccottus glenii was an omnivorous fish with a preference for carnivory, and its main food source was macroinvertebrates such as arthropods.

Key words: Perccottus glenii, sexual dimorphism, diet, DNA metabarcoding technology

中图分类号:

Q917.4

李殿伟, 徐梦昊, 单洪佳, 杨斌斌, 许晴, 王婉婷, 张承志, 丁森. 牡丹江葛氏鲈塘鳢两性异形及其食性研究[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2026, 65(1): 124-130.

LI Dian-wei, XU Meng-hao, SHAN Hong-jia, YANG Bin-bin, XU Qing, WANG Wan-ting, ZHANG Cheng-zhi, DING Sen. The sexual dimorphism and feeding ecology of Perccottus glenii in the Mudanjiang River[J]. HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2026, 65(1): 124-130.

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牡丹江葛氏鲈塘鳢两性异形及其食性研究

The sexual dimorphism and feeding ecology of Perccottus glenii in the Mudanjiang River

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