湖北农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 65 ›› Issue (10): 202-208.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2026.10.029

• 畜牧·兽医 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国喜马毛蚁Lasius himalayanus Bingham的空间分布

诸慧琴1,2, 徐正会2, 朱恩骄1, 魏莉莉1, 熊忠平2, 张新民2, 刘霞2   

  1. 1.云南林业职业技术学院林业学院,昆明 650224;
    2.西南林业大学林学院/云南省森林灾害预警与控制重点实验室,昆明 650224
  • 收稿日期:2026-04-20 出版日期:2026-10-25 发布日期:2026-10-23
  • 通讯作者: 徐正会(1962-),男,云南安宁人,博士,教授,主要从事森林昆虫学及蚁类研究,(电子信箱)xuzhenghui1962@163.com。
  • 作者简介:诸慧琴(1988-),女,云南寻甸人,副教授,硕士, 主要从事森林昆虫学研究,(电话)13759460936(电子信箱)409381741@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    云南省教育厅项目(2025J1498); 国家自然科学基金委员会应急管理项目(31750002); 国家自然科学基金项目(31860615; 31860166; 32060122; 31760633); 西南林业大学林学学科和重点实验室开放基金重点项目(LXXK-2025D14)

Spatial distribution of the ant species Lasius himalayanus Bingham in China

ZHU Hui-qin1,2, XU Zheng-hui2, ZHU En-jiao1, WEI Li-li1, XIONG Zhong-ping2, ZHNAG Xin-min2, LIU Xia2   

  1. 1. School of Forestry,Yunnan Forestry Technological College, Kunming 650224, China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control in Yunnan Province/College of Forestry, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
  • Received:2026-04-20 Published:2026-10-25 Online:2026-10-23

摘要: 为揭示中国喜马毛蚁(Lasius himalayanus Bingham)的空间分布特征,依据过去35年积累的标本及相关的栖息生境、觅食场所、筑巢场所和地理分布数据,使用采获频数法系统解析了中国喜马毛蚁的空间分布,并结合最大熵模型(MaxEnt),构建了喜马毛蚁在中国的潜在空间分布格局。结果表明,喜马毛蚁在中国水平分布于12个省级行政区,呈现出从西南向东北梯度递减特征,西南地区因具有亚热带气候、复杂的地形和多样的微生境,成为核心分布区。喜马毛蚁的垂直分布海拔范围是180—3 349 m,垂直高差达3 169 m,表现出宽阔的生态适应幅度,其中2 000—2 499 m为核心分布海拔区间,1 500—2 999 m为适生海拔区间,>3 000 m的高海拔和<500 m的低海拔为不适生区间,喜马毛蚁是一个喜温凉的中海拔密集分布物种。暖性针叶林和针阔混交林因具有稳定的微气候和资源供给成为喜马毛蚁的主要栖息生境,喜马毛蚁主要在地表和土壤内觅食。MaxEnt模型预测显示,喜马毛蚁的高适生区集中于云贵高原、横断山脉南段和四川盆地周边,与印度洋暖湿气流影响下形成的亚热带湿润气候有关。喜马毛蚁的分布格局与气候梯度、植被类型及地形因子紧密关联,其生态适应性主要受温度和水分影响,同时受限于极端环境与资源的可利用性。

关键词: 喜马毛蚁(Lasius himalayanus Bingham), 生境, 觅食, 筑巢, 潜在适生区

Abstract: To reveal the spatial distribution character of the ant species Lasius himalayanus Bingham in China, the spatial distribution pattern of the species was analyzed based on the specimens and related data of habitat, foraging sites, nesting sites and geographical distribution accumulated over the past 35 years using the collecting frequency method. Combined with maximum entropy model (MaxEnt), potential spatial distribution pattern of the species in China was constructed. The species was horizontally distributed in 12 provincial-level administrative regions and showed a gradient decrease from southwest to northeast China. The southwestern region, characterized by its subtropical climate, complex topography, and diverse microhabitats, served as a core distribution area of the species. Altitude range of vertical distribution of the species was 180-3 349 m with vertical height difference 3 169 m, showing a broad ecological adaptation range. In the range, 2 000-2 499 m was the core distribution altitude range, 1 500-2 999 m was the suitable altitude range, and >3 000 m high altitude interval and <500 m low altitude interval were the unsuitable range. The results showed that Lasius himalayanus Bingham was a mesophilic mid-altitude densely distributed species. The warm conifer forest and conifer-broadleaf mixed forest with stable microclimate and resource supply became the main habitat of the species. The species mainly foraged on the ground and in the soil. MaxEnt modelpredictions showed that high suitable area of species was concentrated in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, the southern section of the Hengduan Mountains, and the edges of the Sichuan Basin. It was related to the subtropical humid climate formed under the influence of the warm and humid airflows from the Indian Ocean. Distribution pattern of the species was closely associated with the climatic gradient, vegetation types and topographic factors. Its ecological adaptability was mainly affected by temperature and moisture, and limited by the extreme environment and the availability of resources.

Key words: Lasius himalayanus Bingham, habitat, foraging, nesting, potential distribution area

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