湖北农业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (16): 92-97.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.16.016

• 植物保护 • 上一篇    下一篇

片烟快速杀虫技术研究

李强1, 马盛力1, 徐俊1, 吴敏娴1, 黄慧1, 张龑2, 来振利2, 刘勇2   

  1. 1.上海烟草集团有限责任公司上海烟草储运公司,上海 200439;
    2.武汉东昌仓贮技术有限公司,武汉 430074
  • 收稿日期:2022-06-02 出版日期:2022-08-25 发布日期:2022-09-14
  • 通讯作者: 张 龑(1988-),男,湖北武汉人,农艺师,主要从事烟叶原料储存养护及烟虫害虫防治技术研究,(电话)15827196928(电子信箱)69736996@qq.com。
  • 作者简介:李 强(1974-),男,安徽颍上人,中级经济师,主要从事烟叶原料储存养护研究,(电子信箱)lqiang@sh.tobacco.com.cn。

Study on rapid insecticidal technology of tobacco

LI Qiang1, MA Sheng-li1, XU Jun1, WU Min-xian1, HUANG Hui1, ZHANG Yan2, LAI Zhen-li2, LIU Yong2   

  1. 1. Shanghai Tobacco Group Co., Ltd. Shanghai Tobacco Storage and Transportation Company, Shanghai 200439,China;
    2. Wuhan Dongchang Storage Technology Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430074,China
  • Received:2022-06-02 Online:2022-08-25 Published:2022-09-14

摘要: 通过片烟单一真空、真空+充氮、真空+高温、低温快速杀虫方法进行杀虫效果研究,通过对比处理烟叶品质变化情况,确定片烟快速杀虫技术措施。结果表明,单一真空杀虫、真空+充氮杀虫无法达到快速杀虫目的,采用真空度≤500 Pa、温度70 ℃、处理时长15 min和温度-20 ℃、处理时长2 h可达到对烟虫100%杀灭效果。采用真空回潮杀虫技术,主要技术参数控制在真空度≤500 Pa、温度70 ℃、处理时长维持在15 min,即可达到杀虫效果,真空回潮杀虫后,立即采用真空降温除湿30~60 min,快速恢复烟叶水分、温度,可避免高温高湿对烟叶造成不良影响;采用低温快速杀虫技术,温度-20 ℃、处理时长2 h,可达到杀虫效果,同时在降温处理过程中,采用间歇式抽负压方式,可快速降低片烟温度。

关键词: 烟叶仓储, 害虫, 真空回潮杀虫, 低温快速杀虫技术

Abstract: The insecticidal effect of single vacuum, vacuum + nitrogen filling, vacuum + high temperature and low temperature rapid insecticidal methods of tobacco was studied. The technical measures of rapid insecticidal technology of tobacco were determined by comparing the changes of tobacco quality. The results showed that single vacuum insecticidal and vacuum + nitrogen filled insecticidal could not achieve the purpose of rapid insecticidal. Using vacuum degree ≤ 500 Pa, temperature 70 ℃, treatment duration 15 min or temperature -20 ℃ and treatment duration 2 h could achieve 100% killing effect on tobacco insects. Using vacuum moisture regain insecticidal technology, the insecticidal effect could be achieved when the main technical parameters were controlled at the vacuum degree ≤500 Pa, the temperature was 70 ℃ and the treatment time of tobacco leaf temperature was maintained at 15 min. After vacuum moisture regain insecticidal, vacuum cooling and dehumidification were used immediately for 30~60 min to quickly restore the water content and temperature of tobacco leaves, so as to avoid the adverse impact of high temperature and humidity on tobacco leaves; the insecticidal effect could be achieved by using low temperature and rapid insecticidal treatment. The temperature was -20 ℃, and the treatment time was 2 h. At the same time, in the process of cooling treatment, the intermittent negative pressure pumping method could quickly reduce the temperature of tobacco.

Key words: tobacco storage, pests, vacuum moisture regain insecticidal technology, low temperature and rapid insecticidal technology

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