湖北农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 63 ›› Issue (6): 125-130.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2024.06.020

• 园艺·特产 • 上一篇    下一篇

道地中药材金果榄种子育苗技术

司海倩1, 封海东1, 刘三波2, 韩明清3, 马兆成4, 游景茂5, 张泽志1   

  1. 1.十堰市农业科学院,湖北 十堰 442000;
    2.华润三九(黄石)药业有限公司,湖北 黄石 435000;
    3.湖北金水源农业开发有限公司, 湖北 十堰 442000;
    4.武汉大学,武汉 430070;
    5.湖北省农业科学院中药材研究所,湖北 恩施 445000
  • 收稿日期:2023-08-31 出版日期:2024-06-25 发布日期:2024-06-26
  • 通讯作者: 张泽志(1989-),男,湖北黄冈人,农艺师,硕士,主要从事中药材栽培技术研究与推广工作,(电话)15771097594(电子信箱)179117170@qq.com。
  • 作者简介:司海倩(1986-),女,河南商丘人,农艺师,硕士,主要从事中药材育种与栽培研究,(电子信箱)836623914@qq.com;游景茂,男,河南商丘人,副研究员,博士,主要从事植物病理学研究,(电子信箱)jingmaoyou@126.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家中医药管理局中医药创新团队及人才支持计划项目(ZYYCXTD-D-202005); 湖北省重点研发项目(2022BBA153); 中央引导地方发展专项(2022BGE256); 国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-21); 湖北省农业科技创新中心重大科技研发项目(2020-620-000-002-04)

Seed seedling cultivation technology of authentic Chinese medicinal material Tinospora sagittata (Oliv.) Gagnep.

SI Hai-qian1, FENG Hai-dong1, LIU San-bo2, HAN Ming-qing3, MA Zhao-cheng4, YOU Jing-mao5, ZHANG Ze-zhi1   

  1. 1. Shiyan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China;
    2. China Resources Sanjiu (Huangshi) Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Huangshi 435000, Hubei,China;
    3. Hubei Jinshuiyuan Agricultural Development Co., Ltd., Shiyan 442000,Hubei,China;
    4. Wuhan University, Wuhan 430070, China;
    5. Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Enshi 445000,Hubei,China
  • Received:2023-08-31 Published:2024-06-25 Online:2024-06-26

摘要: 以金果榄(Tinosporae Radix)基原植物青牛胆[Tinospora sagittata (Oliv.) Gagnep.]实生种子进行大棚育苗,并检测一、二年生金果榄种苗的农艺性状及二年生金果榄种苗干燥块根的古伦宾含量。对一年生金果榄种苗喷施MS营养液,检测其农艺性状并分析各性状之间的相关性。结果表明,金果榄种苗株高、主根长、块根随种植时间呈增长趋势,二年生苗叶片数在6—7月无明显增加;种苗叶形指数、块根形指数分别在5月龄、17月龄后无明显变化;二年生金果榄种苗干燥块根EP理论塔板数均>5 000、古伦宾含量均>2%,水分含量均<13.0%,符合药典规定。MS营养液处理促进了一年生金果榄种苗株高增长、叶片数增加和块根的形成,种苗株高、叶宽、茎粗与地下块根鲜重呈显著正相关,块根鲜重与块根纵径、块根横径、块根形指数呈显著正相关,块根横径、块根纵径、块根形指数之间均呈极显著正相关。叶形指数与叶长、叶宽之间无相关关系,而块根形指数与块根纵、横径之间呈正相关。

关键词: 道地中药材, 金果榄(Tinosporae Radix), 叶面肥, 种子, 育苗技术

Abstract: The seeds of Tinospora sagittata (Oliv.)Gagnep., the original plant of Tinosporae Radix, were grown in the greenhouse, and the agronomic traits of the annual and biennial Tinospora sagittata (Oliv.) Gagnep. seedlings and the content of columbin in the dry block roots of the biennial Tinospora sagittata (Oliv.) Gagnep. seedlings were detected. MS nutrient solution was sprayed on the annual Tinospora sagittata (Oliv.) Gagnep. seedlings to detect their agronomic characters and analyze the correlation between the characters. The results showed that the plant height, taproot length and block root increased with planting time, while the leaf number of biennial seedlings did not increase significantly from June to July; leaf shape index and block root shape index had no significant change after 5 months of age and 17 months of age, respectively; the theoretical number of EP plates, the content of columbin and the water content of the dried block roots of the biennial Tinospora sagittata (Oliv.) Gagnep. seedlings were all > 5 000, >2% and <13.0%,respectively, which were in line with the provisions of pharmacopoeia. The seedling height, leaf number and block root formation of annual Tinospora sagittata (Oliv.) Gagnep. seedlings were increased under MS nutrient solution treatment, respectively. And plant height, leaf width and stem diameter were significantly positively correlated with underground block root fresh weight, block root fresh weight was significantly positively correlated with block root longitudinal diameter, block root transverse diameter and block root shape index, and block root transverse diameter, block root longitudinal diameter and tuber shape index were extremely significantly positively correlated with each other. The leaf shape index had no correlation with leaf length and width, but the block root shape index had positive correlation with longitudinal diameter and transverse diameter of block root.

Key words: authentic Chinese medicinal material, Tinosporae Radix, leaf fertilizer, seed, seedling cultivation technology

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