湖北农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 65 ›› Issue (7): 123-126.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2026.07.019

• 园艺·特产 • 上一篇    下一篇

行间生草对猕猴桃生长特性和果园微环境的影响

翟敬华, 戢小梅, 张鸿, 陈志伟, 乐有章, 李秀丽   

  1. 武汉市农业科学院林业果树研究所,武汉 430075
  • 收稿日期:2026-03-26 出版日期:2026-07-25 发布日期:2026-07-23
  • 通讯作者: 李秀丽,女,高级工程师,博士,主要从事园艺作物育种与高效栽培研究,(电话)18062688408(电子信箱)lixiuli1204@126.com。
  • 作者简介:翟敬华(1991-),女,河北保定人,农艺师,硕士,主要从事园艺植物栽培及生理生化研究,(电话)18162353479(电子信箱)zhaijinghua0308@126.com。
  • 基金资助:
    湖北省重点研发项目(2023BBB064,2024BBB042); 湖北省科技服务人才专项(2024DJC037); 湖北省青年科技人才培养专项(2025DJA078); 湖北省第四批现代农业产业技术体系水果产业技术体系项目(2024HBSTX4-08)

The influence of inter-row grass mulching on the growth characteristics and orchard microenvironment of kiwifruit

ZHAI Jing-hua, JI Xiao-mei, ZHANG Hong, CHEN Zhi-wei, YUE You-zhang, LI Xiu-li   

  1. Institute of Forestry and Fruit Tree, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430075, China
  • Received:2026-03-26 Published:2026-07-25 Online:2026-07-23

摘要: 为探究行间生草对猕猴桃(Actinidia chinensis Planch.)生长特性、光合特性和果园微环境的影响,以4年生金丰优系猕猴桃为研究对象,设置3个处理,分别为行间种植毛叶苕子(Vicia villosa Roth.)(MSZ)、行间种植鼠茅草(Vulpia myuros)(SMC)、自然生草(CK)。测定各处理猕猴桃叶片的生物学性状、光合特性、果园距地1 m处空气温度和相对湿度。结果表明,与CK相比,MSZ和SMC处理的猕猴桃叶长分别增加2.74%、8.38%,叶宽分别增加1.39%、2.02%,百叶重分别增加6.86%、8.43%,SMC处理当年生枝粗度增加了8.86%,叶片含水率分别下降了1.80%、0.12%,但整体叶片含水率仍维持在相对稳定范围。MSZ处理能有效提高猕猴桃叶片叶绿素含量,增幅为9.17%。MSZ和SMC处理猕猴桃叶片全氮、全磷、全钾含量均有所降低,但SMC处理降幅更小。MSZ和SMC处理均能有效提高猕猴桃叶片净光合速率、蒸腾速率,提高叶片气孔导度,降低胞间CO2浓度,增加猕猴桃叶片瞬时水分利用效率。MSZ和SMC处理可有效降低8月猕猴桃园空气温度,分别降低0.10、1.44 ℃,提高猕猴桃园空气相对湿度,较CK处理分别高5.37、1.76个百分点。因此,在猕猴桃园行间种植毛叶苕子或鼠茅草均是有效的农业管理措施,值得在猕猴桃园推广应用。

关键词: 行间生草, 猕猴桃(Actinidia chinensis Planch.), 生长特性, 光合特性, 微环境

Abstract: To investigate the effects of inter-row grass mulching on the growth characteristics, photosynthetic characteristics and orchard microenvironment of kiwifruit(Actinidia chinensis Planch.), the 4-year-old kiwifruit Jinfeng Youxi was used as the research object. Three treatments were established including MSZ(inter-row planting of Vicia villosa Roth.),SMC(inter-row planting of Vulpia myuros), and CK(natural grass cover). The biological characteristics, photosynthetic characteristics, temperature and relative humidity of the orchard at 1 m above the orchard floor were measured. The results indicated that compared with CK, the MSZ and SMC treatments increased leaf length by 2.74% and 8.38%, leaf width by 1.39% and 2.02%, and hundred-leaf weight by 6.86% and 8.43%, respectively. The SMC treatment increased the current-year shoot diameter by 8.86%, while the leaf water content decreased by 1.80% and 0.12%, respectively, though the overall leaf water content remained within a relatively stable range. The MSZ treatment effectively increased the chlorophyll content of kiwifruit leaves by 9.17%. Both MSZ and SMC treatments reduced the total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and total potassium content in kiwifruit leaves, but the reduction was smaller under the SMC treatment. Both MSZ and SMC treatments effectively enhanced the net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance, reduced intercellular CO2 concentration, and increased the instantaneous water use efficiency of kiwifruit leaves. Compared with CK, the MSZ and SMC treatments effectively reduced air temperature in kiwifruit orchards in August by 0.10 ℃ and 1.44 ℃, respectively, and increased the relative air humidity by 5.37 and 1.76 percentage points, respectively. Therefore, inter-row planting of Vicia villosa or Vulpia myuros in kiwifruit orchards was an effective agricultural management practice and worth promoting.

Key words: inter-row grass mulching, kiwifruit(Actinidia chinensis Planch.), growth characteristics, photosynthetic characteristics, microenvironment

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