Response differences of yield, quality and nitrogen use efficiency of different spring wheat varieties to water-saving and nitrogen-controlled cultivation patterns

doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2026.03.003

Abstract

Abstract: Four representative spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars in Wuwei City, Gansu Province, were selected as experimental materials, and three water and nitrogen combination treatments were established, including conventional irrigation and conventional nitrogen application (irrigation amount of 180 mm, urea application rate of 240 kg/hm²), drip irrigation with water-saving and conventional nitrogen application (irrigation amount of 120 mm, urea application rate of 240 kg/hm²), and drip irrigation with water-saving and nitrogen-controlled application (irrigation amount of 120 mm, urea application rate of 168 kg/hm²). The response differences of yield, quality, population growth indicators, and nitrogen use efficiency of spring wheat to water-saving and nitrogen-controlled cultivation models were investigated. The results showed that water and nitrogen treatment, cultivar, and their interaction significantly affected spring wheat yield and quality (P<0.05). Compared with conventional irrigation, drip irrigation with water-saving significantly increased dry matter accumulation of spring wheat. Under the drip irrigation with water-saving and conventional nitrogen application treatment, the yield of Zhongmai 895 increased by 13.2%, representing the highest yield improvement among all cultivars. Controlled nitrogen fertilization significantly improved key quality indicators. There were significant differences in the response of varieties to water and nitrogen combinations. The strong-gluten cultivar Ningchun 50 achieved the best quality under drip irrigation with water-saving and controlled nitrogen treatment, while maintaining good yield stability. The medium-gluten cultivar Zhongmai 895 exhibited the best yield and quality coordination under the drip irrigation with water-saving and conventional nitrogen application treatment. Pearson correlation analysis indicated that leaf area index, leaf SPAD value, and dry matter accumulation were significantly positively correlated with yield and quality (P<0.05). It was recommended to precisely match cultivars with water nitrogen combinations based on cultivation objectives to promote water efficient and high productivity cultivation of spring wheat in arid regions.

Key words: spring wheat(Triticum aestivum L.), water-saving and nitrogen-controlled management, varietal differences, yield, quality, population growth indicators, arid irrigated region

CLC Number:

WANG Lin-cheng, XU Hai-sheng, YU Rui-lu. Response differences of yield, quality and nitrogen use efficiency of different spring wheat varieties to water-saving and nitrogen-controlled cultivation patterns[J]. HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2026, 65(3): 12-19.

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