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The influence of soil configuration on soil water migration characteristics in red soil slope farmland based on soil column simulation MO Ming-hao, LIU Zhao, SHI fen-fen, YAN Zhi-wei, WANG Jia HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES    2025, 64 (6): 45-52.   DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.06.009 Abstract （1738）      PDF （4601KB）（21）       Knowledge map    Save In order to investigate the influence of soil configuration on soil water migration characteristics in red soil slope farmland, the one-dimensional vertical water infiltration test was used to study soil water infiltration characteristics under different soil configurations and straw mulching measures. The results showed that for binary heterogeneous soil, with the increase of soil bulk density in the cultivated soil layer, the advance velocity of the wetting front and water infiltration rate slowed down, resulting in a decrease in filtration capacity. The wetting front movement's time of the simulated no-tillage measure was the longest, which was 64 min and 127 min longer than that of the 25 cm and 35 cm soil column respectively, and the cumulative infiltration amount and infiltration rate of water per unit time were the lowest. The soil water infiltration rate decreased by 5% to 23% after straw mulching, which increased the retention time of soil water and further increased the cumulative water infiltration amount. When a heterogeneous soil column was generalized into a homogeneous soil model, it showed that if the soil bulk density of the underlying soil layer was constant while the bulk density of the upper soil layer increased, the equivalent saturated water conductivity of the generalized homogeneous soil layer decreased. Additionally, as the thickness of the upper soil layer increased, the equivalent saturated water conductivity also increased. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Identification of associated fungus and screening of control agents of Morchella sextelata under greenhouse continuous cropping conditions YANG Xue-lian, LU Hai-ling, WANG Shuai, WANG Li, SA Wei, SU Li-ping, GONG Li, WANG Le HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES    2025, 64 (6): 97-102.   DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.06.016 Abstract （1578）      PDF （3837KB）（126）       Knowledge map    Save A fungal associate that proliferated on the soil surface during the 5-year continuous cultivation of Morchella sextelata was selected as the research subject. Identification was performed based on morphological characteristics and three molecular marker genes (ITS, LSU, RPB2). The mycelial growth rate method was used to evaluate the inhibitory effects and toxicity of five conventional pesticides against both the associated fungus and Morchella sextelata. The results indicated that the identified associated fungus was Botryotrichum sp. At the recommended field application concentrations, the inhibition rates of five pesticides,namely Kasugamycin + copper oxychloride, hymexazol, chlorothalonil, triadimefon, and mancozeb, on Morchella sextelata were 0.25%, 5.24%, 23.94%, 56.61%, and 70.32%, respectively. The corresponding inhibition rates on Botryotrichum sp. were 27.78%, 18.13%, 21.64%, 21.64%, and 49.71%, respectively. The EC50 for Morchella sextelata were 12.079 8, 6.214 6, 25.460 9, 5.885 0 g/L and 14.336 6 g/L, respectively, while those for Botryotrichum sp. were 11.076 8, 9.487 4, 50.925 7, 18.835 3 g/L and 16.940 3 g/L, respectively. Based on a comprehensive analysis of inhibition rates and EC50, it was concluded that Kasugamycin+copper oxychloride exhibited strong inhibitory effects against Botryotrichum sp., while demonstrating relatively low toxicity to Morchella sextelata. Therefore, Kasugamycin+copper oxychloride could be recommended as a fungicide for field control of Botryotrichum sp. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Bacillus velezensis fermentation of low-grade tobacco leaf extract to prepare tobacco spices SUN Li-li, LIANG Yong-wei, ZONG Dong-yue, QU Li-li, XU Zhi-qiang, XU Chun-ping HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES    2025, 64 (8): 189-196.   DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.08.029 Abstract （1268）      PDF （2681KB）（19）       Knowledge map    Save In order to improve the availability of low-grade tobacco leaves and prepare tobacco flavors, low-grade tobacco leaves were used as raw materials, and the aroma-producing microorganism Bacillus velezensis CF-14 was used as the fermentation strain to apply to the tobacco extract. The fermentation conditions of the extract were optimized by a single factor experiment, and the volatile components of the extract before and after fermentation were analyzed by GC-MS. The tobacco extract under the optimal fermentation conditions was used for cigarette smoking evaluation. The results showed that: ①The preferred medium was 1% soluble starch, 1% yeast powder and 1% potassium chloride. The fermentation conditions of seed liquid were as follows: inoculation amount 1%, initial pH 6.00, liquid filling volume of 60 mL, temperature of 28 ℃. The fermentation conditions of the extract were as follows: fermentation time 24 h, inoculation amount 1%, fermentation temperature 32 ℃. ②The results of the electronic nose showed that the response value of the fermented extract on each sensor was higher than that of the unfermented extract, and the alcohols and ketones increased significantly.③The results of GC-MS showed that two significantly different clusters were formed before and after fermentation. There were 48 and 61 volatile components in the tobacco extract before and after fermentation, and the total volatile components were 386.69 and 498.39 μg/g, respectively. The contents of ketones and alcohols in the extract after fermentation were significantly higher than those before fermentation, and the contents of phenols, acids and aldehydes increased. ④After the extract under the optimal fermentation conditions was applied to cigarettes, the aroma quality of cigarettes was improved, the amount of aroma increased, the miscellaneous gases and irritation were reduced, the harmony was better, the sweetness was increased, and the smoking quality of cigarettes was better. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Response and dynamics of soil phosphorus to straw incorporation under simulated paddy-upland rotation conditions ZHAO Xi-mei, PEI Xiao-min, LI Ao-ming-yang, LIU Tian-ya, ZHANG Zheng, LI Meng-die, LI Ji-fu HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES    2025, 64 (6): 39-44.   DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.06.008 Abstract （1151）      PDF （3383KB）（65）       Knowledge map    Save To investigate the effects of straw incorporation on soil phosphorus dynamics under paddy-upland rotation systems, soil samples from long-term rice-rapeseed rotation experimental fields were collected for indoor simulation experiments. Four treatments were established: upland cropping (D), paddy cropping (W), upland cropping+straw incorporation (D+S), and paddy cropping+straw incorporation (W+S). Soil phosphorus fractions were extracted and quantified using the Hedley phosphorus fractionation method, and the soil available phosphorus variations were observed. The results showed that under upland conditions, straw incorporation increased soil available phosphorus by 20.6%, while under paddy conditions, it enhanced available phosphorus by 56.4%. Overall, available phosphorus content improvement was more pronounced under paddy cropping than under upland cropping. Comprehensive analysis indicated that the W+S treatment most effectively enhanced soil available phosphorus. Redundancy analysis (RDA) revealed that water regime and straw incorporation contributed 73.2% and 26.8%, respectively, to soil phosphorus variations. Straw incorporation not only elevated available phosphorus but also regulated phosphorus speciation, thereby enhancing soil phosphorus supply capacity. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of land use green transformation in the middle reaches of the Yellow River GUO Kai-lu, WANG Jing HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES    2025, 64 (5): 56-62.   DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.05.009 Abstract （999）      PDF （3012KB）（48）       Knowledge map    Save In order to promote ecological protection and high-quality development in the middle reaches of the Yellow River and improve the comprehensive benefits of land resource utilization, based on the relevant data of the middle reaches of the Yellow River from 2000 to 2020, quantitative methods such as land use transfer matrix, land use dynamic degree evaluation and land use gravity center migration model were used to analyze the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of land use green transformation in the middle reaches of the Yellow River. The results showed that, during the study period, the area of agricultural land in the middle reaches of the Yellow River continued to decrease, with a large amount of agricultural land transformed into forest ecological land and grassland ecological land. The gravity center of agricultural land was distributed in Linfen City, and the migration trajectory was not obvious. The area of industrial production land continued to increase, and the gravity center was distributed in Linfen City and tended to move northeast. The area of forest ecological land, grass ecological land and water ecological land showed an overall growth trend, while the area of other ecological land showed a downward trend. The gravity center of grass ecological land and water ecological land was distributed in the central part of Linfen City, the gravity center of forest ecological land was distributed in Yuncheng City, and the migration trajectories of the three types of ecological land were not obvious. The gravity center of other ecological land in the early and late stages fell in Lyuliang City and Linfen City respectively. The area of living land in the middle reaches of the Yellow River continued to increase, and the gravity center of urban living land was distributed in the southern part of Linfen City, while the gravity center of rural living land was distributed in the northern part of Yuncheng City. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Full-length transcriptome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis of the Bombyx mandarina MENG Gang, WANG Rui-xian, CHU Qu, PENG Yun-wu, YANG Jin-hong, CHEN An-li, ZHANG Sheng-yuan, LING Jun HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES    2025, 64 (6): 197-206.   DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.06.033 Abstract （959）      PDF （12216KB）（20）       Knowledge map    Save This study employed second-generation sequencing (Illumina RNA-Seq) to calibrate third-generation sequencing (PacBio ISO-Seq) for conducting full-length transcriptome sequencing of the Bombyx mandarina, aiming to investigate gene expression characteristics during different pupal diapause and deeply explore genomic functional information.A total of 93 616 full-length transcripts were obtained through sequencing and assembly, with a sequence length of 327~33 273 bp, an average length of 2 631 bp, and N50 of 3 204 bp. Integration of annotations from COG, GO, KEGG, KOG, Pfam, Swiss Prot, eggNOG, and NR databases identified 82 796 functionally annotated genes. Analysis of full-length transcripts revealed 17 189 lncRNAs, 87 921 SSR markers, and 49 432 open reading frames (ORFs), with ORF-encoded proteins ranging from 0 to 1 522 amino acids (average 305 aa).Gene expression analysis across diapause stages identified 5 780 differentially expressed genes, including 2 269 with GO annotations and 1 590 with KEGG annotations. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation of traditional Chinese medicine-chitosan seed coating agent substrate by blending-crosslinking method and evaluation of its biological properties SUN Yun-di, XIAO Yi-ling, HUANG De-zhi HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES    2025, 64 (8): 197-204.   DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.08.030 Abstract （926）      PDF （8122KB）（10）       Knowledge map    Save Active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine with antibacterial and growth-promoting effects were compounded with chitosan, supplemented with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and glycerol as functional additives, and a high-performance biomass seed coating agent composite substrate system was successfully constructed using the blending-crosslinking technique.Comprehensive analysis based on four indicators, namely water solubility, water absorption rate, tensile strength, and water permeability rate, indicated that the ZG4J4 sample exhibited the best overall performance; the composition of the ZG4J4 sample was traditional Chinese medicine-chitosan, glycerol, and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) at a volume ratio of 25∶2∶100. The ZG4J4 sample possessed characteristics such as stable structure, good water solubility, and strong thermal stability. The seed germination rate, germination potential, and germination index of the ZG4J4 coating group were 95%, 90%, and 15.726, respectively, all higher than those of the tebuconazole coating group and the uncoated control group; this demonstrated that the ZG4J4 sample significantly promoted seed germination and was an excellent substrate material for corn seed coating agent. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Evaluation of the fruit quality of nine peach varieties in Xiaogan City, Hubei Province based on the entropy weight method ZHU Hong-xian, WU Ning-ning, TANG Song, JIAN Xiao-ying, CHENG Qi, QIN Fang, LI Jie, TANG Ya-dong, PENG Yu-chao, XU Hao, LIU Hong-bin, WANG Yan-shu HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES    2025, 64 (7): 82-86.   DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.07.015 Abstract （908）      PDF （1632KB）（26）       Knowledge map    Save By analyzing and comprehensively evaluating the fruit quality of different varieties of peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch) in Xiaogan City, Hubei Province, this study provided a basis for the selection and promotion of local excellent peach varieties. During the ripening period of the fruit, the indicators such as single fruit weight, longitudinal diameter, transverse diameter, soluble solids content, and hardness of the peach fruit were measured. The entropy weight method was used to calculate the comprehensive scores of each indicator, and significant differences were analyzed. The results indicated that there were obvious differences in fruit quality among different peach varieties. Among them, Chunmi, Chunmei and Zhongtao No. 9 showed outstanding performance in terms of single fruit weight, significantly higher than other varieties(P<0.05); Dahongpao and Zhongyou Jinshuai had higher soluble solids content and better sweetness; the fruit hardness of Zhongyoupan No. 5 was the highest; in terms of longitudinal diameter, transverse diameter, and fruit shape index, each variety also exhibited different characteristics. The comprehensive evaluation results showed that the quality of three varieties, Zhongtao No. 9, Chunmi and Chunmei, was relatively good. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Purification process and in vitro antioxidant activity of procyanidins from Embelia parviflora Wall. FAN Li-hua, LI Jin-zhou, LI Meng-qi, ZHOU Guang-yun, DENG Qing-mei, WEI Jiang-cun, CHEN Yong HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES    2025, 64 (6): 155-160.   DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.06.026 Abstract （864）      PDF （2391KB）（107）       Knowledge map    Save The purification process of proanthocyanidins from Embelia parviflora Wall. was studied by using polyamide resin chromatography, and the static and dynamic adsorption and desorption capacities of polyamide resin were investigated. The antioxidant capacity of the purified proanthocyanidins from Embelia parviflora was also evaluated. The results showed that the optimized purification process was as follows: The sample loading concentration was 1.88~3.21 mg/mL, the sample loading flow rate was 2~3 mL/min, the dynamic specific adsorption capacity of polyamide was 16.05 mg/g, and the optimal elution flow rate was 2~3 mL/min. The elution rates of different volume fractions of desorption solutions were: 50% ethanol solution > 70% ethanol solution > 30% ethanol solution > 95% ethanol solution. In the antioxidant test, the scavenging rates of ABTS+· and the total reducing power of proanthocyanidins from Embelia parviflora and the proanthocyanidin reference substance were close to those of vitamin C, but the scavenging rates of DPPH· and superoxide anion were lower than those of vitamin C. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Soil water storage and its influencing factors in Ili River Valley YANG Li-rong, HU Gui-qing, ZHANG Wen-tai HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES    2025, 64 (8): 104-109.   DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.08.016 Abstract （823）      PDF （3849KB）（46）       Knowledge map    Save Based on 119 soil profiles surveyed in Ili River Valley from August to September 2023, the differences of soil water storage in 0-30 cm and 0-120 cm soil layers between different soil types and different land use patterns were compared, and the main influencing factors of soil water storage in Ili River Valley were analyzed by the multiple linear regression method. The results showed that in terms of soil types, the water storage in 0-120 cm soil layer was in the order of semi-aqueous soil (323 mm) > semi-eluviated soil (213 mm) > calcareous soil (193 mm) > alpine soil (161 mm) > arid soil (108 mm); in terms of of land use types, the water storage in 0-120 cm soil layer was in the order of cultivated land (266 mm) > forest land (199 mm) > garden land (184 mm) > grassland (153 mm). The average water storage of 0-120 cm soil layer in Ili River Valley was about 201 mm, that was 9.56 × 109 m3. Soil bulk density, rainfall, evapotranspiration, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and elevation all had significant effects on soil water storage. Sand content and dryness had effects on soil water storage in 0-30 cm. The slope and profile curvature significantly affected the soil water storage of 0-120 cm. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on a lightweight rice pests and diseases recognition model based on the improved YOLOv8 LI Peng-fei, ZENG Jing HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES    2025, 64 (8): 10-16.   DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.08.002 Abstract （817）      PDF （9135KB）（59）       Knowledge map    Save Based on the YOLOv8 model, the ShuffleNetv2 module and the Conv_MaxPool module were introduced simultaneously to construct the improved YOLOv8 model (YOLOv8-ShuffleNetv2-Conv_MaxPool). By integrating the ShuffleNetv2 module and the Conv_MaxPool module into the YOLOv8 model, the improved YOLOv8 model significantly enhanced the comprehensive performance of rice pests and diseases detection while maintaining its lightweight design, effectively reducing both the false detection rate and the missed detection rate. The improved YOLOv8 model demonstrated excellent performance across multiple datasets, further validating its robustness and generalization ability. Ablation studies demonstrated that, on the custom dataset, compared to the original YOLOv8 model, the improved YOLOv8 model achieved increases of 3.73 percentage points in accuracy, 3.56 percentage points in precision, 3.78 percentage points in recall, and 3.73 percentage points in F1-score, while maintaining a parameter size of only 24.80 MB. On the Coco128 dataset, the improved YOLOv8 model performed the best, with all key metrics averaging approximately 88.00%, significantly outperforming the original YOLOv8 model, the YOLOv8-ShuffleNetv2 model, and the YOLOv8-Conv_MaxPool model. This model effectively enabled rapid and accurate recognition of rice pests and diseases in practical production environments. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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International positioning and implications of China’s environmental standards for lead in soil based on comparative analysis of 15 typical countries and regions YE Jing, ZHAO Ya-rong, QIAN Bo, YE Qing, PENG Li-jun HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES    2025, 64 (9): 179-184.   DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.09.029 Abstract （749）      PDF （1598KB）（10）       Knowledge map    Save Through systematic investigation and comparative analysis of environmental standards for lead in soil from 15 typical countries and regions (covering Europe, North America, and Asia-Pacific), differences in standard limits, land use classification, and risk assessment methods were revealed.The results indicated that China’s environmental standard values for lead in agricultural soil were stricter than international counterparts; the risk screening values for lead in residential and industrial/commercial soil were consistent with the international median level, but the risk control values fell within the 75%~95% percentile range, indicating relatively lenient control. Significant differences in standard values for lead in soil among different countries and regions were attributed to four main factors: sensitive receptor selection, land use classification systems, exposure model parameter settings, and acceptable risk levels. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Changes of starch content in different potato varieties with tuber diameter XU Ning, LIU Dong-xue, ZHANG Hong-liang, XU Ya-kun, WANG Wei-feng, ZHANG Rong-hua HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES    2025, 64 (8): 48-53.   DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.08.008 Abstract （720）      PDF （4884KB）（60）       Knowledge map    Save Three potato （Solanum tuberosum L.）varieties, namely Atlantic, Eugene, and Holland, were used as materials to determine the starch content in tubers of different diameters and analyze the relationship between starch content and tuber diameter. The results showed that the amylopectin content of the three tested potato varieties was significantly higher than the amylose content, indicating that amylopectin was the dominant starch type, and the cortex was the main storage site for starch. The tuber diameters corresponding to the accumulation peaks of amylose and amylopectin contents in different parts of the three varieties were different. Before the peak, the starch content increased with the increase of tuber diameter. Except for individual cases, the differences in starch content between different diameter grades of tubers reached a significant level, showing a linear growth trend with a good correlation. The tuber starch content of atlantic was the highest, and the correlation with tuber diameter was the best , so it could be used as a key object for studying the variation law of potato starch content. Meanwhile, according to the variation law of starch content in tubers of the three varieties, it was concluded that there was a positive correlation between starch growth rate and starch content. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Grain yield prediction in southern China based on Stacking ensemble algorithm MA Dian-jing, ZHAO Jia-song, YAN Wei-yu, DUAN Guang-jun, LIU Zhen-yang, WU Shao-tian HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES    2025, 64 (5): 155-159.   DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.05.024 Abstract （693）      PDF （3752KB）（26）       Knowledge map    Save Based on the grain yield data and 11-dimensional relevant factors from Anhui, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, and Sichuan provinces in southern China between 1998 and 2022,the BP-SVR-Stacking grain yield prediction model based on the Stacking ensemble algorithm was developed and comparatively analyzed with the BP neural network model and SVR model. The results indicated that the mean absolute error (MAE) and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of the BP-SVR-Stacking model were significantly lower than those of the BP neural network model and SVR model,which demonstrated the superior prediction capability of the BP-SVR-Stacking model over single machine learning models. Compared with the BP neural network model and SVR model, the coefficient of determination (R2) of the BP-SVR-Stacking model increased by 0.124 and 0.122 respectively,suggesting that the BP-SVR-Stacking model possessed excellent fitting capability and prediction performance. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Identification and evaluation of thermotolerance in japonica rice germplasm resources under whole growth period warming stress LE Si, TU Hang, HU Jia-xiao, LIU Jin, ZHOU Hui-ying, MENG Bing-xin, YU Li-qin, LI Mao-mao HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES    2025, 64 (8): 35-41.   DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.08.006 Abstract （686）      PDF （5094KB）（57）       Knowledge map    Save In order to explore the response of yield and appearance quality of Japonica rice germplasm resources to temperature increase and screen out thermotolerance germplasm resources of Japonica rice, 365 core germplasms of Japonica rice from the research in the early stage were used as experimental materials, and the conventional field was used as the control. The artificial greenhouse was used to increase the temperature during the whole growth period, and the plant height, yield components and appearance quality traits of Japonica rice were measured. The results showed that, compared with the control, the growth and development process of Japonica rice was accelerated, the growth period was significantly shortened, and the tiller number was significantly reduced under the whole growth period warming stress. At maturity, under the whole growth period warming stress, the effective panicle number, the primary branch number, seed setting rate and thousand-grain weight decreased significantly or extremely significantly, the grain width and grain thickness increased, the length-width ratio decreased, and the grain was short and round. Compared with the control, the appearance quality deteriorated, the chalky rice rate and chalkiness degree increased significantly, and the grain transparency decreased significantly under the whole growth period warming stress. In addition, it was also found that different yield factors had different responses to warming stress, and the thermotolerance of different Japonica rice varieties was also significantly different. Ten strong thermotolerance Japonica rice germplasms with excellent comprehensive traits were identified and screened by using the key thermotolerance response indexes such as effective panicle number, seed setting rate, chalky rice rate and chalkiness degree, as well as the comprehensive heat tolerance coefficient. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Content of 2-Phenylethanol and its glycosides and expression of associated genes in different cherry tomato cultivars SHI Xian-peng, SONG Min, WU Cheng-yu, LIU Li-feng, CHENG Fei, MA Jing HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES    2025, 64 (6): 207-214.   DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.06.034 Abstract （679）      PDF （4213KB）（37）       Knowledge map    Save Four cherry tomato（Solanum lycopersicum L.） cultivars (Qianxi, Xiaohong, T7, and Fushan 88) were used as experimental materials. The contents of 2-phenylethanol and 2-phenylethyl β-D-glucoside in fruits were determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS). Potential uridine diphosphate glycosyltransferase (UGT) genes were screened through phylogenetic analysis. Their expression patterns were analyzed by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) to investigate the correlation between the contents of 2-phenylethanol/2-phenylethyl β-D-glucoside and related gene expression levels. The results showed significant differences in 2-phenylethanol and 2-phenylethyl β-D-glucoside contents among cultivars, with the order of Qianxi>Xiaohong>T7>Fushan 88. The highest contents of 2-phenylethanol (3 906.69 ng/g) and 2-phenylethyl β-D-glucoside (5 590.26 ng/g) were detected in Qianxi, both significantly higher than those in other cultivars.Phylogenetic analysis identified 20 SlUGT genes. Among them, SlUGT42, SlUGT54, SlUGT103, SlUGT104, and SlUGT105 showed increasing expression trends during fruit development.SlUGT103, SlUGT104, and SlUGT105 exhibited the highest expression levels in Qianxi, coinciding with its peak 2-phenylethanol and glycoside contents. The relative expression of SlUGT103 showed significant positive correlations with both 2-phenylethanol and 2-phenylethyl β-D-glucoside contents. The relative expression of SlUGT104 was significantly positively correlated with 2-phenylethanol content.SlUGT103 and SlUGT104 were identified as key glucosyltransferase genes catalyzing the glycosylation of 2-phenylethanol. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Determination of the upper limit for the proportion of cultivated land occupied by construction projects in Hubei Province based on threshold method LI Jing-jing, HUANG Fan, ZHU Jun-jun, LI Yan-dan, LEI Yang, LI Jin-xin, KUANG Ying HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES    2025, 64 (9): 44-50.   DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.09.008 Abstract （670）      PDF （5067KB）（32）       Knowledge map    Save In order to determine the upper limit for the proportion of cultivated land occupied by construction projects in different geomorphological zones, and to provide a basis for cultivated land protection and land use approval, Hubei Province was selected as the study area, and its land use data for three types of projects, namely, transport, water conservancy and energy, were collected from 2013 to 2022, and the geomorphology was divided according to plains, hills and mountains. The quartiles were used as threshold parameters to analyse the proportion of cultivated land occupied by each type of project in different geomorphological zones, determine the reasonable upper limit and calculate the saving rate. The results showed that there were obvious differences in the cultivated land occupation for the three types of projects in different geomorphological zones in Hubei Province. The area of cultivated land occupied by transportation was the highest (the proportion of 89.48%), and the spatial distribution showed a decreasing gradient of plains (68.3%)>hills (21.33%)>mountains (10.37%). Based on the quantile threshold method, the upper limit for the proportion of cultivated land occupied by the energy in the plains area reached 99.19%, while that of the mountainous water conservancy category was only 40.17%. The validation of the planning project showed that the maximum saving rate of 12.76% of cultivated land could be achieved while ensuring an approval rate of 78.05% or higher for most projects. In conclusion, the upper limit for the proportion of cultivated land occupied by construction projects determined by the threshold method could effectively control the cultivated land occupation. It was recommended to take 70%-90% as the reference threshold for the upper limit of the proportion of cultivated land occupied by various types of projects in different geomorphological zones, and select parameters in combination with specific project conditions to balance protection and development, so as to provide a decision-making basis for solving the contradiction between cultivated land protection and construction occupancy in Hubei Province. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of influencing factors on water use efficiency of tobacco floating seedling in Yunnan Province YUAN Guo-yi, LI Xiang-yang, LIU Zheng-hong, DING Cong-kai, ZHU Xuan-quan, BAI Yu-xiang, WANG Ge, WANG Na, ZHOU Peng, DU Yu, SONG Jie HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES    2025, 64 (5): 105-111.   DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.05.016 Abstract （644）      PDF （3789KB）（60）       Knowledge map    Save In order to provide a theoretical basis for improving the utilization rate of water resources and promoting the development and improvement of seedling raising methods, the water consumption of tobacco floating seedling in Yunnan tobacco area was investigated. By means of inquiry, visit and on-the-spot investigation, the seedling raising bases in typical tobacco planting areas of 10 prefectures and cities in Yunnan Province were selected for investigation, and the factors affecting the water use efficiency of floating seedling raising were analyzed and clarified. The results showed that, there were two seedling specifications for transplanting seedlings under film (small seedlings) and conventional transplanting (large seedlings) in the survey area. The total water consumption and water consumption of tobacco seedlings were 311.74 kg/m2 and 216.48 kg/m2, 374.53 kg/m2 and 248.64 kg/m2, respectively, and there was 99.48 kg/m2 ineffective water in the process of seedling raising, accounting for about 31.05% of the average total water consumption. In terms of water use efficiency, Chuxiong base was the lowest and Yuxi base was the highest . The water use efficiency of small seedlings was significantly negatively correlated with the size of the seedling tray, and the water use efficiency of large seedlings was significantly negatively correlated with longitude. There were differences in seedling water consumption in different tobacco areas; the longitude of the seedling point, the area of the seedling pool and the size of the seedling tray were important factors affecting the efficiency of the seedling water use. The water consumption of small seedlings was obviously lower than that of large seedlings. The water use efficiency of small seedlings could be improved by using smaller seedling tray specifications. The water use efficiency of large seedlings was positively correlated with seedling tray specifications, seedling pool area and other factors. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of soil microorganisms domesticated by different plants on wheat growth REN Quan-jing, LU Zong-qi, LI Yu-hang, GU Hai-ping, YANG Yi, REN Wei-zheng HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES    2025, 64 (6): 33-38.   DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.06.007 Abstract （637）      PDF （2479KB）（124）       Knowledge map    Save In order to explore the effects of soil microorganisms domesticated by different plants on wheat （Triticum aestivum L.） growth, a controlled experiment was conducted using the cultivar Jimai 22 as the target crop. Seven treatments were established, including non-inoculated microorganisms control (CK1), inoculation with wheat-domesticated soil microorganisms(CK2), inoculation with Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa)-domesticated soil microorganisms, inoculation with green foxtail (Setaria viridis)-domesticated soil microorganisms (T2), inoculation with alfalfa (Medicago sativa)-domesticated soil microorganisms (T3), inoculation with abandoned farmland soil microorganisms (T4) and inoculation with woodland soil microorganisms (T5). The results showed that all treatments significantly affected wheat aboveground and belowground biomass, with T1 showing the highest biomass accumulation. Significant differences were observed in plant height, leaf area, specific leaf area (SLA), and root-to-shoot ratio among treatments. Transpiration and photosynthetic rates varied significantly across treatments. Photosynthetic rate showed a significantly positive correlation with plant height (r=0.74, P<0.001) and a significantly negative correlation with SLA (r=-0.49, P=0.030). In summary, soil microorganisms domesticated by different plants affected wheat growth significantly, and this might be mediated by changes in wheat energy allocation strategy and physiological status. The research indicated this method was feasible and had certain potential in regulating wheat growth. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on rapeseed field weed recognition based on improved RT-DETR model ZHANG Lei, LENG Xin, CHEN Jia-kai, LI Zong-xuan HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES    2025, 64 (8): 1-9.   DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.08.001 Abstract （604）      PDF （10392KB）（99）       Knowledge map    Save Four typical weeds Xanthium strumarium,Setaria viridis, Chenopodium album,Ambrosia artemisiifoliain in rapeseed fields were taken as the research objects. Key challenges in weed detection, including small seedling targets, weak features of withered weeds, and difficulty in identifying highly overlapping areas, were addressed by proposing an improved detection method based on the RT-DETR (Region transformer DETR) model. The asymptotic feature pyramid network (AFPN) replaced the original cross-scale context fusion module (CCFM) in the RT-DETR model, effectively resolving the imbalanced feature distribution issue in withered weeds caused by blurred texture and feature sparsity. The SPD-Conv module was introduced into the backbone network to enhance the feature representation capability for small-target weeds. The convolutional block attention module (CBAM) was integrated at the end of the backbone network, effectively mitigating feature information loss under low-resolution targets and occlusion conditions. Systematic ablation experiments and comparative experiments verified that the improved RT-DETR+AFPN+SPD-Conv+CBAM (RW-DETR) model demonstrated significant advantages in both detection accuracy and robustness. The RW-DETR model achieved recognition precision and mean average precision of 85.2% and 82.5%, respectively, for weeds in rapeseed fields, significantly outperforming the RT-DETR model, Faster R-CNN model, SSD model, YOLOv5m model, and YOLOv8m model. While maintaining real-time detection performance, the RW-DETR model significantly improved weed recognition effectiveness in complex scenes, meeting the accuracy and efficiency requirements of modern agriculture for weed detection systems. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics