湖北农业科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (12): 55-62.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.12.011

• 资源·环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于MSPA的内蒙古生态用地及其连通性时空动态

林斐菲1, 谢苗苗1,2, 张昊1, 海锋1   

  1. 1.中国地质大学(北京)土地科学技术学院,北京 100083;
    2.自然资源部土地整治重点实验室,北京 100035
  • 收稿日期:2020-07-31 出版日期:2021-06-25 发布日期:2021-07-19
  • 通讯作者: 谢苗苗,女,河北保定人,副教授,主要从事景观生态与土地利用的研究,(电子信箱)xiemiaomiao@cugb.edu.cn。
  • 作者简介:林斐菲(1999-),女,江西新余人,在读本科生,研究方向为土地生态与国土空间规划,(电话)18810625131(电子信箱)lff990531@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0504401); 中国地质大学(北京)大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201911415095)

Temporal and spatial dynamics of ecological land and its connectivity based on morphological spatial pattern analysis (MSPA) in Inner Mongolia Autonomous region

LIN Fei-fei1, XIE Miao-miao1,2, ZHANG Hao1, HAI Feng1   

  1. 1. School of Land Science and Technology,China University of Geosciences (Beijing),Beijing 100083,China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation,Ministry of Natural Resources,Beijing 100035,China
  • Received:2020-07-31 Online:2021-06-25 Published:2021-07-19

摘要: 基于1980—2018年8期土地利用数据,结合内蒙古自治区实际和相关文献对生态用地进行界定与提取;通过形态学空间格局分析(Morphological spatial pattern analysis,MSPA)划分生态用地连通性类型,借助转移矩阵等方法得到生态用地及其连通性的时空动态特征。结果表明,1980—2018年内蒙古自治区生态用地面积占比减少了3.459个百分点,主要原因是草地明显减少;非生态用地面积占比增加,但仍低于生态用地的面积占比。较多连通性功能类型转移为非生态用地,保留下来的生态用地连通性降低,核心区内部聚集程度下降,出现穿孔。空间上,北部地区连通性比南部地区好,由东到西主要的生态用地组分不同;构成结构上,低覆盖草地对提升区域生态用地连通性意义重大。城镇化速度加快、资源粗放式开发经营加上特殊的自然条件是造成生态用地面积减少、连通性下降的主要原因,内蒙古自治区仍需因地制宜加强生态保护;MSPA方法可以有效地识别生态用地连通性的整体水平和空间分布特征。

关键词: 生态用地, 景观连通性, 形态学空间格局分析, 内蒙古自治区

Abstract: Based on the land use data of 8 periods from 1980 to 2018, the ecological land was defined and extracted in combination with the actual situation and relevant literature in Inner Mongolia Autonomous region. The types of ecological land connectivity were classified by morphological spatial pattern analysis (MSPA), and the spatial and temporal dynamic characteristics of ecological land and its connectivity were obtained by using transfer matrix. The results showed that, the proportion of ecological land in Inner Mongolia Autonomous region decreased by 3.459 percentage points from 1980 to 2018, mainly because of the great reduction of grassland. The proportion of non-ecological land increased, but it was still lower than that of ecological land. Many MSPA types transferred to non-ecological land, at the same time, the connectivity of the retained ecological land decreased, the degree of aggregation of the core area decreased, and the perforation appeared. The spatial connectivity of the northern region was better than that of the southern region, and the main ecological land components were different from east to west. In terms of structure, low-cover grassland was of great significance to improve the connectivity of regional ecological land. The acceleration of urbanization, extensive development and management of resources and special natural conditions were the main reasons for the reduction of ecological land area and the decline of connectivity. Inner Mongolia Autonomous region still needed to strengthen ecological protection according to local conditions. MSPA method can effectively identify the overall level and spatial distribution characteristics of ecological land connectivity.

Key words: ecological land, landscape connectivity, morphological spatial pattern analysis (MSPA), Inner Mongolia Autonomous region

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