湖北农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 63 ›› Issue (9): 134-141.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2024.09.023

• 园艺·特产 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于模糊数学隶属函数法评价不同菜薹品种的营养品质与食用感官品质

杨心彪1, 黄兴学2, 朱学娜1, 叶语桦1, 汪爱华3, 林处发3, 冯军4, 周国林2, 刘睿1   

  1. 1.华中农业大学食品科技学院/环境食品学教育部重点实验室,武汉 430070;
    2.武汉市农业科学院蔬菜研究所,武汉 430065;
    3.武汉市农业科学院,武汉 430065;
    4.湖北菱湖尚品洪山菜苔农业发展有限公司,武汉 430064
  • 收稿日期:2023-01-04 出版日期:2024-09-25 发布日期:2024-09-30
  • 通讯作者: 周国林,(电子信箱)glzhou@126.com;刘 睿,(电子信箱)liurui@mail.hzau.edu.cn。
  • 作者简介:杨心彪(1996-),男,江西赣州人,主要从事特色农副产品精深加工,(电话)15646701592(电子信箱)1826881734@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家大宗蔬菜产业技术体系项目(CARS-23- G27)

Evaluation of the nutritional and food sensory qualities of different vegetable shoots based on the fuzzy mathematical affiliation function method

YANG Xin-biao1, HUANG Xing-xue2, ZHU Xue-na1, YE Yu-hua1, WANG Ai-hua3, LIN Chu-fa3, FENG Jun4, ZHOU Guo-lin2, LIU Rui1   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Environmental Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education/College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
    2. Vegetable Research Institute of Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430065, China;
    3. Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430065, China;
    4. Hubei Linghu Shangpin Hongshan Flower Stalk Industry Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430064, China
  • Received:2023-01-04 Published:2024-09-25 Online:2024-09-30

摘要: 为进一步挖掘菜用油菜薹(Brassica napus L.,简称油菜薹)的营养与食用品质特性,以市场常见薹用蔬菜紫菜薹(Brassica campestris var. purpuraria,又称红菜薹)和菜心(Brassica campestris L. ssp.chinensis var. utilis Tsen et Lee,别称白菜薹) 为比较对象,对3种菜薹(共15个不同品种)的食用感官及营养指标(总酚、类黄酮、维生素和矿物质元素等)进行比较,并采用模糊数学隶属函数法筛选出综合品质高的菜用油菜品种。结果表明,3种菜薹在品质上存在较大差异,就营养品质而言,油菜薹的平均总酚、可溶性蛋白质、维生素C、维生素B2、K、Se含量均高于红菜薹和白菜薹。油菜薹在K元素含量较高的同时还具有较低的Na/K比,属于低钠高钾食物,其Se含量远高于国家富硒蔬菜的最低标准,是红菜薹的1.6倍,是白菜薹的3.4倍,Cd、Pb等重金属元素含量均低于中国绿色食品绿叶类蔬菜的标准NY/T 743—2020。就感官品质而言,油菜薹的平均感官得分(86.04分)最高,优于红菜薹和白菜薹。基于模糊数学隶属函数法显示,油菜薹综合得分排名整体较为靠前,其中硒滋圆2号、21YC-76、狮山2017油菜薹综合排名较高,适合作为越冬薹用蔬菜品种进行推广。

关键词: 模糊数学, 菜薹, 营养品质, 食用感官品质

Abstract: In order to further explore the nutritional and edible quality characteristics of vegetable rapeseed sprouts (Brassica napus L.) (abbreviation:rapeseed sprouts), the purple rapeseed shoots(Brassica campestris var. purpuraria, also known as red rapeseed shoots)and cabbage hearts(Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis var. utilis Tsen et Lee, also known as white rapeseed shoots), which were common vegetables used in the market for shoots, were used as comparative objects to analyze the edible sensory and nutritional indexes(total phenols, flavonoids, vitamins, mineral elements, etc.)of three types of vegetable shoots(a total of 15 different varieties), and the fuzzy mathematical subordinate function method was used to screen out vegetable rapeseed varieties with high comprehensive quality. The results showed that there were large differences in quality among the three types of vegetable shoots, and as far as nutritional quality was concerned, the average total phenol, soluble protein, vitamin C, vitamin B2, K, and Se contents of rapeseed sprouts were higher than those of red rapessed shoots and white rapeseed shoots. Rapeseed sprouts with the high K element content also had a low Na/K ratio, and belonged to the low-sodium and high-potassium food. Their Se content was much higher than the national minimum standard for selenium-rich vegetables, 1.6 times as much as red rapeseed shoots, 3.4 times as much as white rapeseed shoots, and the content of heavy metal elements, such as Cd and Pb, was lower than China's green food green leafy vegetable standard NY/T 743—2020. As far as sensory quality was concerned, rapeseed sprouts had the highest average sensory score (86.04 points), which was superior to red rapeseed shoots and white rapeseed shoots. Based on the fuzzy mathematical affiliation function method, the overall ranking of the comprehensive score of rapeseed sprouts was relatively high, among which selenium Ziyuan No. 2, 21YC-76, and Shishan 2017 rapeseed sprouts had a higher comprehensive ranking, and were suitable for promotion as overwintering shoots vegetable varieties.

Key words: fuzzy mathematics, vegetable shoots, nutritional quality, food sensory quality

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