GC-MS联用技术分析3味山姜属中药挥发油成分的差异性

doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.01.023

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用超声波辅助溶剂法和回流法,通过气相色谱-质谱联用法（GC-MS）分析3味山姜属（Alpinia）中药（高良姜、大高良姜、红豆蔻）挥发油化学成分,以峰面积归一化法计算各成分的相对含量,分别采用Simca 14.1、SPSS 26.0软件进行主成分分析（PCA）、聚类分析。结果表明,高良姜、大高良姜、红豆蔻分别鉴定出134、130、171种成分;3味山姜属中药挥发油共有成分有24种。3味山姜属中药主要由萜类、脂肪烃类、芳香烃类、含氧类、苯丙素类等组成。（S）-4-（1-Acetoxyallyl）phenyl acetate（N31）、1H-Imidazole, 4,5-dihydro-2-（phenylmethyl）-（N56）、3-Heptanone, 5-hydroxy-1,7-diphenyl-（N100）3种成分是3味山姜属中药挥发油的化学标志物。高良姜、大高良姜、红豆蔻的共有成分分别为27、3、24种,占比分别为20.15%、2.31%、14.04%。通过对3味山姜属中药挥发油的主要成分、共有成分、特有成分的分析,表明亲缘关系相同的中药其物质基础具有相关性。

关键词: 山姜属（Alpinia）中药, 挥发油, GC-MS联用技术, 成分, 差异性

Abstract: Using ultrasound assisted solvent method and reflux method, the chemical components of volatile oils from three traditional Chinese medicines of Alpinia （Gaoliangjiang, Dagaoliangjiang, and Hongdoukou） were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS）. The relative content of each component was calculated by peak area normalization, and principal component analysis （PCA） and cluster analysis were performed using Simca 14.1 and SPSS 26.0 software, respectively. The results showed that 134, 130, and 171 components were identified in Gaoliangjiang, Dagaoliangjiang, and Hongdoukou, respectively;there were a total of 24 components in the volatile oils of three traditional Chinese medicines in Alpinia. The three traditional Chinese medicines of Alpinia were mainly composed of terpenes, fatty hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, oxygen-containing compounds, phenylpropanoids, etc. （S） 4- （1-Acetylally） phenyl acetate （N31）, 1H-Imidazole, 4,5-dihydro-2- （phenylmethyl） - （N56）, and 3-Heptanone, 5-hydroxy-1,7-diphenyl - （N100） were chemical markers of the volatile oils in three traditional Chinese medicines of Alpinia. The common components of Gaoliangjiang, Dagaoliangjiang, and Hongdoukou were 27, 3, and 24, respectively, accounting for 20.15%, 2.31%, and 14.04%, respectively. Through the analysis of the main components, common components, and unique components of the volatile oils from three traditional Chinese medicines of Alpinia, it was shown that the material basis of Chinese medicines with similar genetic relationships was correlated.

Key words: traditional Chinese medicine of Alpinia, volatile oil, GC-MS combined technology, components, differences

中图分类号:

R284

陈智兰, 牛新迈, 谢旭格, 黄少敏, 甘姣姣, 陈美安, 秦华珍. GC-MS联用技术分析3味山姜属中药挥发油成分的差异性[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2025, 64(1): 133-149.

CHEN Zhi-lan, NIU Xin-mai, XIE Xu-ge, HUANG Shao-min, GAN Jiao-jiao, CHEN Mei-an, QIN Hua-zhen. GC-MS analysis of differences in volatile oil components of three traditional Chinese medicines in Alpinia[J]. HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2025, 64(1): 133-149.

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