藏公鸡MC1R基因多态性与羽色表型的关系

doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.05.027

湖北农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 64 ›› Issue (5): 173-177.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.05.027

藏公鸡MC1R基因多态性与羽色表型的关系

王士欣^1,2, 高铭馨², 单增桑珠², 巴桑³, 陈羲³, 王润锦², 张昊¹, 王德才⁴, 皮劲松¹, 黄涛¹

1.湖北省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所,武汉 430070;
2.山南市藏鸡产业研究院,西藏山南 856000;
3.山南市畜牧兽医总站,西藏山南 856000;
4.武汉市江夏区农业产业化服务中心,武汉 430200

收稿日期:2024-07-15 出版日期:2025-05-25 发布日期:2025-06-11
通讯作者: 黄涛(1989-),男,河南信阳人,副研究员,博士,主要从事家禽育种研究,(电子信箱)huangtao214@126.com。
作者简介:王士欣（1986-）,男,河南商丘人,兽医师,主要从事藏鸡健康养殖与推广研究,（电子信箱） huorenanhai@126.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目（2022YFD1600901）; 国家自然科学基金青年项目（32202665）; 山南市科技计划项目（2022-02BJKJJHXM-01）

Relationship between MC1R gene polymorphism and plumage color phenotype in Tibetan roosters

WANG Shi-xin^1,2, GAO Ming-xin², Danzeng Sangzhu², Ba-sang³, CHEN Xi³, WANG Run-jin², ZHANG Hao¹, WANG De-cai⁴, PI Jin-song¹, HUANG Tao¹

1. Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430070, China;
2. Shannan Tibetan Chicken Industry Research Institute, Shannan 856000, Tibet, China;
3. Shannan Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station, Shannan 856000, Tibet, China;
4. Agricultural Industrialization Service Center of Jiangxia District, Wuhan 430200, China

Received:2024-07-15 Published:2025-05-25 Online:2025-06-11

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以羽色表型特征显著的成年藏公鸡（藏黑色、藏花色和藏灰色）为研究对象,开展黑素皮质素受体1(MC1R)基因编码区遗传变异位点筛查、基因型-表型关联性分析。结果表明,在藏公鸡MC1R基因编码区发现了10个SNPs位点,其中同义突变 2处,位于69 bp(C/T)和636 bp（A/G）位点,非同义突变8处,位于178 bp（A/G）、212 bp（C/T）、213 bp（A/G）、274 bp（A/G）、376 bp（A/G）、398 bp（C/T）、427 bp（A/G）、637 bp（C/T）位点。基因型分布显示,藏黑色公鸡全部表现为AA基因型（100.00%）,藏灰色公鸡中AA基因型占比60.00%,而藏花色公鸡则以AG基因型为主（80.00%）,表明A等位基因可能与黑羽表型的形成相关。基于10个SNPs位点构建了13个单倍型,单倍型 Hap_2、Hap_10和Hap_13在藏花色公鸡中呈现独享现象。根据卡方独立性检验结果发现,69 bp(C/T)、274 bp(A/G)位点的基因型均与羽色表型呈极显著关联性（P<0.001）,表明这2个位点可能是调控藏公鸡羽色变异的关键遗传标记。

关键词: 藏公鸡, 黑素皮质素受体1(MC1R)基因, 基因多态性, 羽色表型

Abstract: Adult Tibetan roosters with distinct plumage color phenotypes (Tibetan black, Tibetan variegated, and Tibetan gray) were selected to screen genetic variation sites in the coding region of the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) gene and analyze genotype-phenotype correlations. The results showed that 10 SNPs were identified in the coding region of the MC1R gene in Tibetan roosters, including 2 synonymous mutations at 69 bp (C/T) and 636 bp (A/G), and 8 non-synonymous mutations at 178 bp (A/G), 212 bp (C/T), 213 bp (A/G), 274 bp (A/G), 376 bp (A/G), 398 bp (C/T), 427 bp (A/G), and 637 bp (C/T). Genotype distribution revealed that all Tibetan black roosters exhibited the AA genotype (100.00%), 60.00% of Tibetan gray roosters carried the AA genotype, while Tibetan variegated roosters predominantly had the AG genotype (80.00%), suggesting that the A allele might be associated with the formation of the black plumage phenotype. Thirteen haplotypes were constructed based on the 10 SNPs, with haplotypes Hap_2, Hap_10, and Hap_13 exclusively observed in Tibetan variegated roosters. Chi-square independence tests indicated that genotypes at 69 bp (C/T) and 274 bp (A/G) were significantly associated with plumage color phenotypes (P<0.001), suggesting these two loci might serve as key genetic markers regulating plumage color variation in Tibetan roosters.

Key words: Tibetan rooster, melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) gene, gene polymorphism, plumage color phenotype

中图分类号:

S831.2

王士欣, 高铭馨, 单增桑珠, 巴桑, 陈羲, 王润锦, 张昊, 王德才, 皮劲松, 黄涛. 藏公鸡MC1R基因多态性与羽色表型的关系[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2025, 64(5): 173-177.

WANG Shi-xin, GAO Ming-xin, Danzeng Sangzhu, Ba-sang, CHEN Xi, WANG Run-jin, ZHANG Hao, WANG De-cai, PI Jin-song, HUANG Tao. Relationship between MC1R gene polymorphism and plumage color phenotype in Tibetan roosters[J]. HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2025, 64(5): 173-177.

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藏公鸡MC1R基因多态性与羽色表型的关系

Relationship between MC1R gene polymorphism and plumage color phenotype in Tibetan roosters

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