田-沟-塘系统底质磷素赋存特征与释放风险

doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.07.011

湖北农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 64 ›› Issue (7): 61-67.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.07.011

田-沟-塘系统底质磷素赋存特征与释放风险

夏必青^1,2, 李思思^1,2, 庄艳华^1,2, 刘宏斌³, 张亮^1,2

1.中国科学院精密测量科学与技术创新研究院/湖北省面源污染防治工程技术研究中心/环境与灾害监测评估湖北省重点实验室/湖北洪湖湿地国家生态质量综合监测站,武汉 430077;
2.中国科学院大学,北京 100049;
3.中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所/农业农村部面源污染控制重点实验室,北京 100081

收稿日期:2024-12-20 出版日期:2025-07-25 发布日期:2025-08-22
通讯作者: 张亮（1982-）,男,研究员,主要从事面源污染研究,（电子信箱）lzhang@apm.ac.cn。
作者简介:夏必青（1994-）,女,湖北武汉人,在读博士研究生,研究方向为流域面源污染负荷模拟与评估,（电子信箱）xiabq@apm.ac.cn。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目（2023YFC3207400; 2016YFD0800500）; 湖北省自然科学基金项目（2024AFA020）

Occurrence characteristics and release risks of phosphorus in sediment of field-ditch-pond system

XIA Bi-qing^1,2, LI Si-si^1,2, ZHUANG Yan-hua^1,2, LIU Hong-bin³, ZHANG Liang^1,2

1. Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology/Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Non-Point Source Pollution Control/Hubei Key Laboratory for Environment and Disaster Monitoring and Evaluation/Jianghan Plain-Honghu Lake Station for Wetland Ecosystem Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430077, China;
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
3. Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Non-point Source Pollution Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China

Received:2024-12-20 Published:2025-07-25 Online:2025-08-22

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过磷吸附试验,系统分析了田-沟-塘（农田-沟渠-水塘）不同单元底质磷吸附特性及磷赋存形态对吸附特性的影响。结果表明,Langmuir等温吸附模型能较好地描述磷吸附过程;农田土壤的磷吸附能力较稳定,而水塘和沟渠沉积物吸附能力波动较大,部分水塘样点存在较高的磷释放风险;磷形态分析显示,有机磷含量越高,底质磷吸附能力越低;水稻种植前后,磷吸附能力变化明显,尤其是水稻生育期内沟渠沉积物吸附能力显著增强,水稻收割后农田土壤的吸附能力进一步增强。合理管理利用农田、沟渠与水塘有助于减少磷释放,减轻农业面源污染。

关键词: 磷, 赋存形态, 解吸, 农田, 沟渠, 水塘, 面源污染, 释放风险

Abstract: The phosphorus adsorption characteristics of sediments in different units of the field-ditch-pond system and the influence of phosphorus occurrence forms on adsorption characteristics were systematically analyzed through phosphorus adsorption test. The results showed that the Langmuir isotherm model accurately described phosphorus adsorption. Field soils exhibited stable phosphorus adsorption, while pond and ditch sediments showed considerable variability, with some pond sites presenting a high risk of phosphorus release. Phosphorus occurrence forms analysis revealed that higher organic phosphorus content correlated with lower adsorption capacity. Significant changes in phosphorus adsorption capacity were observed before and after rice planting, with ditch sediment adsorption notably increasing during the rice growing period and field soil adsorption further enhancing after rice harvest. Rational management of fields, ditches and ponds could mitigate phosphorus release and help reduce agricultural non-point source pollution.

Key words: phosphorus, occurrence forms, desorption, field, ditch, pond, non-point source pollution, release risk

中图分类号:

夏必青, 李思思, 庄艳华, 刘宏斌, 张亮. 田-沟-塘系统底质磷素赋存特征与释放风险[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2025, 64(7): 61-67.

XIA Bi-qing, LI Si-si, ZHUANG Yan-hua, LIU Hong-bin, ZHANG Liang. Occurrence characteristics and release risks of phosphorus in sediment of field-ditch-pond system[J]. HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2025, 64(7): 61-67.

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田-沟-塘系统底质磷素赋存特征与释放风险

Occurrence characteristics and release risks of phosphorus in sediment of field-ditch-pond system

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