湖北农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 64 ›› Issue (7): 133-136.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.07.023

• 畜牧·兽医 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同添加物对双低油菜黄贮饲料品质的影响

彭正文1, 童玥1, 江鲜雨1, 张洪伦2   

  1. 1.宜昌市农业科学研究院,湖北 宜昌 443004;
    2.宜都市农业综合执法大队,湖北 宜都 443399
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-03 出版日期:2025-07-25 发布日期:2025-08-22
  • 通讯作者: 江鲜雨(1998-),女,初级畜牧师,硕士,主要从事动物营养与饲料研究,(电子信箱)610393766@qq.com。
  • 作者简介:彭正文(1990-),男,湖北宜昌人,畜牧师,硕士,主要从事动物营养与饲料研究,(电话)15272147122(电子信箱)504662350@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    重点农业产业化发展资金项目(特色产业研究示范推广)(42050024401T000000120)

Effects of different additives on the quality of double low rapeseed straw silage

PENG Zheng-wen1, TONG Yue1, JIANG Xian-yu1, ZHANG Hong-lun2   

  1. 1. Yichang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yichang 443004, Hubei, China;
    2. Yidu Agricultural Integrated Law Enforcement Team, Yidu 443399, Hubei, China
  • Received:2025-03-03 Published:2025-07-25 Online:2025-08-22

摘要: 为探究不同添加物对双低油菜(Brassica napus L.)黄贮发酵后的品质影响,从成熟去子后的全株双低优质油菜秸秆为原料,设置7种处理,分别为无添加对照(CK)、青贮菌种+600 g/t酶制剂、青贮菌种+300 g/t酶制剂、青贮菌种+150 g/t酶制剂、青贮菌种+150 g/t酶制剂+3%尿素、青贮菌种+150 g/t酶制剂+4%尿素、青贮菌种+150 g/t酶制剂+5%尿素,发酵45 d后分别取各处理组样品检测。选用健康的适龄宜昌白山羊15只,随机分为5组,每组3只。将品质最好的处理组黄贮油菜秸秆按10%、20%、30%、40%、50%比例与青贮玉米混合后分别饲喂5组山羊,观察采食情况。结果表明,添加一定含量的青贮菌种和酶制剂后,油菜秸秆中有机酸含量显著降低(P<0.05),粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量显著升高(P<0.05),其中青贮菌种+150 g/t酶制剂处理组品质最好;添加尿素氨化后油菜秸秆中丁酸含量显著降低(P<0.05),粗蛋白含量显著升高(P<0.05)。黄贮油菜秸秆与青贮玉米饲料混饲后白山羊采食量大,油菜秸秆接种青贮菌,并添加酶制剂和尿素进行发酵,能有效提高油菜秸秆的营养成分和黄贮品质,改善其适口性,促进家畜采食。

关键词: 油菜(Brassica napus L.)秸秆, 黄贮, 青贮菌, 酶制剂, 尿素

Abstract: To investigate the effects of different additives on the quality of double low rapeseed straw silage after fermentation, whole plant double-low high quality rapeseed straw after maturity and seed removal was used as raw material in the experiment,with seven treatments set up: control(CK), silage species + 600 g/t enzymic preparations, silage species + 300 g/t enzymic preparations, silage species + 150 g/t enzymic preparations, silage species+150 g/t enzymic preparations + 3% urea, silage species + 150 g/t enzymic preparations + 4% urea, and silage species+150 g/t enzymic preparations + 5% urea. Samples from each treatment group were taken for detection and analysis after 45 days of fermentation. Then 15 healthy Yichang white goats of appropriate age were selected and randomly divided into five groups with 3 goats in each group. Then, the best quality tested group of rapeseed straw silage was mixed with corn silage at ratios of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% respectively and fed to five groups of goats to observe their feeding situation. The results showed that the organic acid content of rapeseed straw decreased significantly (P<0.05), and the contents of crude protein and crude fat increased significantly (P<0.05) after adding a certain amount of silage bacteria and enzyme preparations, among which the quality of the silage bacteria + 150 g/t enzyme preparation treatment group was the best. The content of butyric acid decreased significantly (P<0.05) and the content of crude protein increased significantly (P<0.05) after urea ammonification of rapeseed straw. The feed intake of white goats was higher after feeding the mixture of rapeseed straw silage and corn silage. It indicated that inoculating silage bacteria to rapeseed straw and adding enzyme preparations and urea for fermentation could effectively improve the nutritional components and the quality of rapeseed straw silage, and the palatability, and promote the feeding of livestock.

Key words: rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) straw, straw silage, silage bacteria, enzyme preparation, urea

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