湖北农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 64 ›› Issue (10): 1-9.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.10.001

• 育种·栽培 •    下一篇

126份水稻种质资源在自然高温下的综合评价

王廷宝1, 刘刚2, 邱东峰2, 朱业宝3, 张再君2, 何勇1, 刘之恩1, 张诗骞1, 刘耀威1, 田志宏1   

  1. 1.长江大学生命科学学院,湖北 荆州 434025;
    2.湖北省农业科学院粮食作物研究所/粮食作物种质创新与遗传改良湖北省重点实验室,武汉 430064;
    3.福建省农业科学院水稻研究所,福州 350018
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-28 出版日期:2025-10-25 发布日期:2025-11-14
  • 通讯作者: 田志宏(1966-),男,湖北监利人,教授,博士,主要从事水稻遗传育种研究,(电话)0716-8066257(电子信箱)zhtian@yangtzeu.edu.cn。
  • 作者简介:王廷宝(1998-),男,湖北恩施人,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为水稻遗传育种,(电话)0716-8066257(电子信箱)tb_wang7777@163.com;并列第一作者,刘 刚(1979-),男,湖北仙桃人,副研究员,博士,主要从事水稻耐热机理研究,(电话)027-87389897(电子信箱)liug1112@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0100101-05)

Comprehensive evaluation of 126 rice germplasm resources under natural high temperature conditions

WANG Ting-bao1, LIU Gang2, QIU Dong-feng2, ZHU Ye-bao3, ZHANG Zai-jun2, HE Yong1, LIU Zhi-en1, ZHANG Shi-qian1, LIU Yao-wei1, TIAN Zhi-hong1   

  1. 1. College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, Hubei, China;
    2. Food Crop Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Wuhan 430064, China;
    3. Rice Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350018, China
  • Received:2025-03-28 Published:2025-10-25 Online:2025-11-14

摘要: 利用湖北省荆州市和福建省三明市两地2022年的自然高温条件对126份水稻(Oryza sativa L.)种质资源进行耐热性评价和表型性状分析。结果表明,自然高温下,粒宽与结实率、千粒重均呈极显著正相关,表明粒宽可能在耐热性中发挥重要作用;穗数、穗粒数、长宽比和结实率的变异系数较大,遗传多样性丰富,具有较大的利用潜力。耐热性评价共鉴定出耐热型种质40份、疑似感种质44份和热敏感型种质42份;聚类分析进一步将材料划分为4个类群,其中第3类群在粒宽、结实率和千粒重方面表现突出。筛选出的耐热性优异种质资源可用于改良现有品种或作为挖掘耐热新基因的供体材料,为水稻耐热性育种提供了重要的材料基础和理论依据。

关键词: 水稻(Oryza sativa L.), 耐热性, 种质资源, 自然高温, 综合评价

Abstract: The heat tolerance evaluation and phenotypic traits analysis of 126 rice (Oryza sativa L.) germplasm resources were carried out by using the natural high-temperature conditions in Jingzhou City, Hubei Province and Sanming City, Fujian Province in 2022. The results demonstrated that grain width exhibited a highly significant positive correlation with seed-setting rate and 1 000-grain weight under natural high-temperature, indicating that grain width mgiht play an important role in heat tolerance. The coefficients of variation of spike number, grain number per spike, length-width ratio and seed setting rate were large, and the genetic diversity was rich, which had great potential for utilization. A total of 40 heat-resistant germplasms, 44 suspected susceptible germplasms and 42 heat-sensitive germplasms were identified by heat resistance evaluation. Cluster analysis further divided the materials into four groups, and the third group was outstanding in grain width, seed setting rate and 1 000-grain weight. The selected heat-resistant germplasm resources could be used to improve existing varieties or as donor materials for mining new heat-resistant genes, which provided an important material basis and theoretical basis for rice heat-resistant breeding.

Key words: rice (Oryza sativa L.), heat tolerance, germplasm resources, natural high temperature, comprehensive evaluation

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