SLC45A2和TYR基因多态性对羌山云朵鸡羽色的遗传机制

doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2026.03.025

湖北农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 65 ›› Issue (3): 157-162.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2026.03.025

SLC45A2和TYR基因多态性对羌山云朵鸡羽色的遗传机制

李荣宏¹, 吴锦波¹, 杨小林¹, 周育臻¹, 王蓉芳², 李星亮¹, 牟桑¹

1.阿坝州农业科学研究院,四川阿坝 623000;
2.茂县九顶原生态畜禽养殖有限责任公司,四川阿坝 623200

收稿日期:2025-11-14 出版日期:2026-03-25 发布日期:2026-04-09
通讯作者: 吴锦波（1983-）,男（侗族）,贵州铜仁人,副研究员,硕士,主要从事动物遗传育种与繁殖研究,（电子信箱）25974453@qq.com。
作者简介:李荣宏（1993-）,男,四川夹江人,畜牧师,硕士,主要从事动物遗传育种与繁殖研究,（电话）18283728494（电子信箱）282775155@qq.com。
基金资助:
阿坝藏族羌族自治州财政预算项目（51320025T000012505707）

Genetic mechanism of polymorphisms of SLC45A2 and TYR genes on plumage color in Qiangshan Cloud Chickens

LI Rong-hong¹, WU Jin-bo¹, YANG Xiao-lin¹, ZHOU Yu-zhen¹, WANG Rong-fang², LI Xing-liang¹, MU Sang¹

1. Aba Prefecture Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Aba 623000, Sichuan, China;
2. Maoxian Jiuding Original Ecological Livestock and Poultry Breeding Co., Ltd., Aba 623200, Sichuan, China

Received:2025-11-14 Published:2026-03-25 Online:2026-04-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究其羽色形成的分子机制,选取60只成年鸡（羌山云朵鸡和凤尾鸡各30只,公母各半）为试验对象,通过PCR扩增、测序和插入突变检测技术,分析SLC45A2和TYR基因的多态性。结果表明,SLC45A2基因第四外显子的错义突变位点(c.1039 CA,银羽变异位点 Leu347Met)与云朵羽表型(P<0.01)显著关联,突变基因型(AA/AW)个体比例达93%;TYR基因内含子4的7.7 kb病毒插入突变基因型CC个体占比18%,但对云朵羽表型无显著影响。羌山云朵鸡云朵羽形成的关键变异是SLC45A2基因第四外显子的错义突变;TYR基因突变受其他主要基因调控,不影响羽色表型。

关键词: 羌山云朵鸡, SLC45A2, TYR, 单核苷酸多态性（SNP）

Abstract: To investigate the molecular mechanism underlying feather coloration, 60 adult chickens (30 Qiangshan Cloud Chickens and 30 Fengwei Chickens, with equal sex distribution) were selected as experimental subjects. The polymorphisms of the SLC45A2 and TYR genes were analyzed by PCR amplification,sequencing,and insertion mutation detection methods. Results demonstrated that the missense mutation (c.1039 C>A, p.Leu347Met; homologous to the silver feather allele) in exon 4 of the SLC45A2 gene showed significant association with the cloud-like plumage phenotype (P<0.01), with mutant genotypes (homozygous mutant AA and heterozygous AW) accounting for 93% of Cloud Chickens. The 7.7 kb viral insertion mutation in intron 4 of the TYR gene was present in 18% of individuals (homozygous mutant CC genotype), but exhibited no significant effect on plumage coloration. The c.1039 C>A missense mutation in SLC45A2 gene exon 4 was the key genetic variant responsible for cloud-like plumage in Qiangshan Cloud Chickens. Although TYR gene participated in the melanin synthesis pathway, its intronic insertion mutation was not a determinant of feather color variation.

Key words: Qiangshan Cloud Chicken, SLC45A2, TYR, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)

中图分类号:

S831

李荣宏, 吴锦波, 杨小林, 周育臻, 王蓉芳, 李星亮, 牟桑. SLC45A2和TYR基因多态性对羌山云朵鸡羽色的遗传机制[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2026, 65(3): 157-162.

LI Rong-hong, WU Jin-bo, YANG Xiao-lin, ZHOU Yu-zhen, WANG Rong-fang, LI Xing-liang, MU Sang. Genetic mechanism of polymorphisms of SLC45A2 and TYR genes on plumage color in Qiangshan Cloud Chickens[J]. HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2026, 65(3): 157-162.

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SLC45A2和TYR基因多态性对羌山云朵鸡羽色的遗传机制

Genetic mechanism of polymorphisms of SLC45A2 and TYR genes on plumage color in Qiangshan Cloud Chickens

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