水旱轮作区直播油菜田主要杂草化学防除试验

doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.12.020

湖北农业科学 ›› 2019, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (12): 88-91.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.12.020

水旱轮作区直播油菜田主要杂草化学防除试验

刘子荣¹, 刘小娟¹, 徐雪亮¹, 黄衍章², 王奋山¹, 陈庆隆³, 姚英娟¹

1.江西省农业科学院农业应用微生物研究所,南昌 330200;
2.安徽农业大学植物保护学院,合肥 230036

收稿日期:2018-10-23 出版日期:2019-06-25 发布日期:2019-12-05
通讯作者: 姚英娟,副研究员,（电话）13677080184（电子信箱）yaoyingjuan@webmail.hzau.edu.cn。
作者简介:刘子荣（1972-）,男,江西萍乡人,副研究员,主要从事有害生物绿色防控研究,（电话）0791-87090576（电子信箱）2412701244@qq.com 。
基金资助:
江西省油菜产业技术体系岗位专家科研项目（JXARS-08-病虫害防治）

Experiment on chemical control and removal of main weeds in direct seeding rape field in flood and drought rotation area

LIU Zi-rong¹, LIU Xiao-juan¹, XU Xue-liang¹, HUANG Yan-zhang², WANG Fen-shan¹, CHEN Qing-long³, YAO Ying-juan¹

1.Institute of Applied Agricultural Microbiology,Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanchang 330200,China;
2.School of Plant Protection,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,China

Received:2018-10-23 Online:2019-06-25 Published:2019-12-05

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为筛选对江西省水旱轮作区直播油菜田高效安全的化学除草剂,采用播后苗前土壤封闭处理法和苗后茎叶喷雾处理法,分别研究了不同化学除草剂对直播油菜田主要杂草看麦娘（Alopecurus aequalis）和菵草（Beckmannia syzigachne）的防除效果及其安全性。结果表明,土壤封闭处理以乙草胺和异丙甲草胺的防除效果较好,其处理45 d后对主要杂草的防效分别为69.2%和59.0%,效果明显优于二甲戊灵和丁草胺等;苗后茎叶处理以烯禾啶和精喹禾灵的防除效果及安全性较好,处理15 d后对主要杂草的防效分别为65.9%和50.0%,处理45 d后的草情指数分别为25.0和16.7。乙草胺和异丙甲草胺在土壤湿度较大时对油菜出苗有一定影响,而乙氧氟草醚对油菜药害较大,不宜使用。

关键词: 水旱轮作, 直播油菜田, 化学除草, 安全性

Abstract: In order to screen the efficient and safety of chemical herbicides applied in direct seeding rape field, as well as in flood and drought rotation field of Jiangxi province, both methods of soil-sprayed pre-emergence and stem and leaf-sprayed post-emergence were applied for testing the control efficacy of several chemical herbicides against the major weeds of Alopecurus aequalis and Beckmannia syzigachne and their bio-safety to the rape. Results indicated that the acetochlor and metolachlor showed good control efficacy after soil-sprayed, the values of control efficacy against the major weeds were 69.2% and 59.0% at 45 days post-treatment, which were significantly superior to the pendimethalin and butachlor, and etc. The sethoxydim and quizalofop-p-ethyl showed good control efficacy and bio-safety after stem and leaf-sprayed post-emergence, the values of control efficacy against the major weeds were 65.9% and 50.0% at 15 days post-treatment, and the weed index were 25.0 and 16.7, respectively. Acetochlor and metolachlor showed a certain side-effect on the emergence of rape because of the high humidity in soil. The oxyfluorfen couldn’t be applied for controlling the weeds of rape field due to its serious phytotoxicity.

Key words: flood and drought rotation, direct seeding rape field, chemical control and removal, safety

中图分类号:

S451.2

刘子荣, 刘小娟, 徐雪亮, 黄衍章, 王奋山, 陈庆隆, 姚英娟. 水旱轮作区直播油菜田主要杂草化学防除试验[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2019, 58(12): 88-91.

LIU Zi-rong, LIU Xiao-juan, XU Xue-liang, HUANG Yan-zhang, WANG Fen-shan, CHEN Qing-long, YAO Ying-juan. Experiment on chemical control and removal of main weeds in direct seeding rape field in flood and drought rotation area[J]. HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2019, 58(12): 88-91.

参考文献

[1] 刘成,黄杰,冷博峰,等.我国油菜产业现状、发展困境及建议[J].中国农业大学学报,2017,22(12):203-210.
[2] 国家统计局.中国统计年鉴(2009)[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2010.
[3] 洪豹元,姚华源,李国章,等.3种化学除草剂对高产油菜除草对比试验研究[J].生物灾害科学,2015,38(3):221-224.
[4] 杨开枝,田圣忠,李维.直播油菜封闭除草药剂筛选试验[J].现代农业科技,2016(18):94-95.
[5] 刘雪基,陈震,朱志武,等.稻茬免耕直播油菜高产栽培技术研究[J].湖北农业科学,2013,52(9):1995-1997,2026.
[6] 陈坤荣,王婧,王成玉,等.七种除草剂防除冬油菜田杂草的效果比较[J].湖北农业科学,2014,53(3):569-571.
[7] 黄春艳,陈铁保,王宇,等.28种除草剂对大豆的安全性及药害研究初报[J].植物保护,2003,29(1):31-34.
[8] 强胜,沈俊明,张成群,等.种植制度对江苏省棉田杂草群落影响的研究[J].植物生态学报,2003,27(2):278-282.
[9] 马小艳,马艳,奚建平,等.种植模式对棉田土壤处理除草剂除草效果的影响[[J].杂草科学,2011,29(1):23-27.
[10] 朱文达,魏守辉,张朝贤.湖北省油菜田杂草种类组成及群落特征[J].中国油料作物学报,2008,30(1):100-105.
[11] 常向前,李儒海,褚世海,等.湖北省油菜主产区杂草群落的数量分析[J].中国油料作物学报,2008,30(4):491-496.
[12] 田丰,黄晓勤,周安兴,等.3种芽前除草剂在直播油菜生产上的应用效果比较[J].湖南农业科学,2010(21):76-78.
[13] 梅金先,郭茂胜,郑在武,等.水旱轮作区移栽油菜田除草剂田间药效试验[J].湖北植保,2006(4):23-24.
[14] SHIRAKURA S,ITO K,AIZAWA H.Effect of cytochrome P-450 monooxygenase inhibitors on the rice tolerance of azimsulfuron and bensulfuron-methyl[J].Journal of weed science and technology,1995,40(3):218-220.
[15] YU Q,AHMAD-HAMDANI M S,HAN H,et al. Herbicide resistance-endowing ACCase gene mutations in hexaploid wild oat(Avena fatua):Insights into resistance evolution in a hexaploid species[J].Heredity(Edinb),2013,110(3):220-231.
[16] 陆强,冯克强,赵学平,等.草除·精喹禾对油菜的安全性及除草效果[J].杂草科学,2004,22(3):35-37.
[17] 冯雨娟. 日本看麦娘(Alopecurus japonicus)对啶磺草胺的抗药性研究[D].南京:南京农业大学,2016.
[18] MOHAMED I,LI R Z,YOU Z G,et al.Japanese foxtail (Alopecurus japonicas) resistance to fenoxaprop and pinoxaden in China[J].Weed science,2012,60(2):167-171.
[19] LIU W,BI Y,LI L,et al.Molecular basis of resistance to tribenuron in water starwort (Myosoton aquaticum) populations from China[J].Weed science,2013,61(3):90-395.
[20] WRUBEL R P,GRESSEL J.Are herbicide useful for delaying the rapid evolution of resistance-a case study[J].Weed technology,1994,8(3):635-648.
[21] BECKIE H J,WARWICK S I,SAUDER C A.Basis for herbicide resistance in Canadian populations of wild oat (Avena fatua)[J].Weed science,2012,60(1):10-18.
[22] 唐建明,王勇,方雅琴.油菜田常用除草剂药害及规避措施[J].杂草科学,2010,28(1):64-66.
[23] 张国有,琚泽珊,刘成周.乙草胺对油菜出苗率影响试验[J].安徽农学通报,2005,11(6):43.
[24] 郭怡卿,张付斗.土壤湿度对土壤处理除草剂药效的影响研究[J].西南农业学报,2003,16(4):77-81.
[25] 徐小燕,唐伟,陈杰,等.土壤处理除草剂在不同类型土壤中除草活性研究[J].浙江农业学报,2013,25(4):823-826.
[26] 吴志凤,张佳.胺苯磺隆在冬油菜田除草中的药害问题及对策[J].农业科学与管理,2004,26(2):39-40.

水旱轮作区直播油菜田主要杂草化学防除试验

Experiment on chemical control and removal of main weeds in direct seeding rape field in flood and drought rotation area

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 12

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	刘影, 施秀飞, 杜晓英, 李俊凯. 15%嗪吡嘧磺隆·五氟磺草胺可分散油悬浮剂防除移栽水稻田杂草药效及安全性评价[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2021, 60(6): 67-69.
[2]	李君君, 戴玲玲, 柏新盛, 顾安乐, 毕亚玲. 3%吡氟酰草胺颗粒剂防除水稻移栽田阔叶杂草田间药效试验[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2020, 59(6): 88-90.
[3]	龙水亮, 吴晓峰, 雷干农, 孔玄庆, 金晨钟, 李成业, 欧晓明, 唐娟. 烟·硝·莠去津-精异丙甲草胺组合防除春玉米杂草效果与安全性[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2020, 59(14): 80-84.
[4]	王征帆, 万曾培, 高小鹏, 应碧云, 向蕊, 李祎云, 庞旋飞, 李中圣, 白挨泉. CpG ODN纳米佐剂的免疫效应及应用进展[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2020, 59(13): 10-13.
[5]	孔凡和, 颜小平. 湖北省出口皮蛋质量调查及食用安全性评价[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2019, 58(5): 96-100.
[6]	许江虹, 余红涛, 刘建平, 关平, 吉松毅, 况志敏, 王浩雅. 生产回用水对再造烟叶产品的安全性评价[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2019, 58(3): 102-105.
[7]	李红梅, 蒋相国, 母俊, 郭凯. 不同茎叶类除草剂对花生田间杂草的防治效果[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2019, 58(18): 65-69.
[8]	李建国, 陈院华, 杨涛, 吕贵芬. 轻度镉污染大田中蔬菜的食用安全性分析[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2019, 58(17): 109-112.
[9]	王惠明, 刘晖, 孙杨, 秦文婧, 黄水金. 不同规格的福寿螺对干湿环境的响应[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2019, 58(10): 88-91.
[10]	周浩楠, 陈莎莎, 胡娜, 索有瑞. 枸杞专用微量元素水溶肥的应用研究[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2018, 57(8): 35-38.
[11]	宋国春, 李瑞娟, 刘同金, 杨万海, 于建垒. 溴氰菊酯在叶用莴苣和土壤中的残留动态及安全性评价[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2018, 57(2): 98-102.
[12]	张建萍, 周治中, 唐伟, 于晓玥, 陆永良. 3%氯氟吡啶酯乳油防治机直播稻田杂草研究[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2018, 57(18): 71-72.