湖北农业科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (20): 48-56.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.20.009

• 资源·环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

石家庄市主城区下垫面类型和热环境时空演变及其相互关系

$\boxed{\hbox{杨鹏}}$1, 程巳阳2, 高祺1, 智利辉1, 张艳品1, 周静博3, 周阳4   

  1. 1.石家庄市气象局,石家庄 050081;
    2.中国气象科学研究院灾害天气国家重点实验室,北京 100081;
    3.河北省石家庄生态环境监测中心,石家庄 050022;
    4.河北省第二测绘院,石家庄 050031
  • 收稿日期:2020-10-12 出版日期:2021-10-25 发布日期:2021-11-05
  • 通讯作者: 高 祺(1977-),女,河北巨鹿人,高级工程师,主要从事生态与农业气象研究,(电子信箱)gq7618@sina.com。
  • 作者简介:$\boxed{\hbox{杨鹏}}$(1986-2021),男,山东枣庄人,高级工程师,硕士,主要从事生态遥感研究。
  • 基金资助:
    河北省气象局面上项目(19ky13)

Spatio-temporal evolution and interrelationship between underlying surface types and thermal environment in the main urban area of Shijiazhuang city

$\boxed{\hbox{YANG Peng}}$1, CHENG Si-yang2, GAO Qi1, ZHI Li-hui1, ZHANG Yan-pin1, ZHOU Jing-bo3, ZHOU Yang4   

  1. 1. Shijiazhuang Meteorological Bureau, Shijiazhuang 050081,China;
    2. State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather,Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;
    3. Hebei Shijiazhuang Ecological Environment Monitoring Center,Shijiazhuang 050022,China;
    4. The Second Surveying and Mapping Institute of Hebei Province,Shijiazhuang 050031,China
  • Received:2020-10-12 Online:2021-10-25 Published:2021-11-05

摘要: 利用1987、2004、2019年Landsat 5 TM/Landsat 8 OLI-TIRS遥感数据,运用RS、GIS、景观生态学和统计分析等方法,分析石家庄市主城区下垫面类型和热环境时空演变及其相互关系。结果表明,绿地和不透水地表是主要的下垫面类型,随着城市化的发展,绿地面积逐渐减少,不透水地表面积逐渐增加,2004—2019年比1987—2004年城市扩张速度快;重心转移模型显示城区向东北发展,而热岛区向东南发展,滹沱河的蓄水和绿化工程阻断了热岛区向东北蔓延;较低的地表温度(LST)与绿地和水体分布一致,较高的LST与不透水地表分布一致,绿地和水体景观占比(PLAND)每增加10%,平均LST分别降低0.69 ℃和0.93 ℃;不透水地表PLAND每增加10%,平均LST升高0.75 ℃,水体的降温效果高于绿地;4种下垫面类型的平均LSTPLAND、最大斑块指数(LPI)和聚集度指数(AI)均表现出一致的极显著相关关系,绿地和水体为负相关,不透水地表为正相关,景观占比、斑块大小和聚集程度对LST有较大影响;下垫面类型和结构是造成热环境空间分布差异的主要原因。

关键词: 下垫面类型, 热环境, 时空演变, 景观, 石家庄市

Abstract: Landsat 5 TM/Landsat 8 OLI-TIRS remote sensing data in 1987, 2004 and 2019 are used to analyze spatio-temporal evolution and interrelationship between underlying surface types and thermal environment in the main urban area of Shijiazhuang city, by using RS, GIS, landscape ecology and statistical analysis methods. The results show that green space and impervious surface are the main underlying surface types. With the development of urbanization, the area of green space is gradually decreasing, and the surface area of impermeable land gradually increases. The urban expansion rate in 2004—2019 was faster than 1987—2004. The transfer model shows that the urban area develops to the northeast, while the heat island area develops to the southeast. Hutuohe river’s water storage and greening project blocked the heat island area from spreading to the northeast. The lower land surface temperature (LST) is consistent with the distribution of green spaces and water bodies, and the higher LST is consistent with the distribution of impervious surface. For every 10% increase in the proportion of green space and water landscape (PLAND), the average LST decreases by 0.69 ℃ and 0.93 ℃. For every 10% increase in impervious surface PLAND, the average LST increases by 0.75 ℃, and the water body cools down. The effect is higher than that of green space, the average LST of the four underlying surface types and PLAND, the largest patch index (LPI) and the aggregation index (AI) all show a consistent and extremely significant correlation. The green space and the water body are negatively correlated and impervious. The ground surface is positively correlated, and the proportion of landscape. Patch size, and degree of aggregation have a greater impact on LST. The type and structure of the underlying surface are the main reasons for the difference in the spatial distribution of the thermal environment.

Key words: type of underlying surface, thermal environment, spatio-temporal evolution, landscape, Shijiazhuang city

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