镉胁迫下纳米氧化铁与生物炭复合处理对甜瓜幼苗生长及生理响应的影响

doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.10.020

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究水培条件下纳米氧化铁与生物炭复合处理对镉胁迫甜瓜幼苗的缓解效应。以甜瓜幼苗为试验材料,在水培中施加镉、生物炭、α-Fe₂O₃ NPs、γ-Fe₂O₃ NPs和Fe₃O₄ NPs以及生物炭和各种纳米氧化铁的复合处理后,通过检测甜瓜幼苗的多项生理指标,并采用主成分分析探究各处理对甜瓜幼苗缓解镉胁迫的作用。复合处理组的镉转移系数TF(0.22%~0.28%)低于其他加镉处理组(0.34%~0.64%)。与Cd组相比,γ-Fe₂O₃ NPs和生物炭复合处理组的鲜重、根系长度和叶片可溶性蛋白质含量显著增加62.41%、125.22%和28.97%。在根中,各处理组的抗氧化酶活性均低于CK组。在叶中,各处理组的CAT活性较CK组显著降低;APX、POD和SOD活性最高的组是Fe₃O₄ NPs单独处理组,这3种酶活与CK组最相近的是生物炭单独处理组和γ-Fe₂O₃ NPs单独处理组。通过主成分分析,γ-Fe₂O₃ NPs和生物炭复合处理组优于其他组合,可用于提升甜瓜幼苗在镉污染环境下的生长表现。

关键词: 纳米氧化铁, 生物炭, 镉, 水培, 甜瓜

Abstract: To investigate the alleviating effect of nano iron oxide and biochar composite treatment on cadmium stress in melon seedlings under hydroponic conditions. This study used sweet melon seedlings as experimental materials and applied cadmium, biochar, α-Fe₂O₃ NPs, γ-Fe₂O₃ NPs, Fe₃O₄ NPs, as well as a composite treatment of biochar and various nano iron oxides in hydroponics. Multiple physiological indicators of sweet melon seedlings were detected, and principal component analysis was conducted to investigate the effects of each treatment on alleviating cadmium stress in sweet melon seedlings. The cadmium transfer coefficient TF (0.22%-0.28%) of the composite treatment group was lower than that of other cadmium treatment groups (0.34%-0.64%). Compared with the Cd group, the fresh weight, root length, and leaf SP content of the γ-Fe₂O₃ NPs and biochar composite treatment group significantly increased by 62.41%, 125.22%, and 28.97%, respectively. In the roots, the antioxidant enzyme activity of each treatment group was lower than that of the CK group. In the leaves, the CAT activity of each treatment group was significantly reduced compared to the CK group; The group with the highest activities of APX, POD, and SOD was the Fe₃O₄ NPs treatment group, while the groups with the closest enzyme activities to the CK group were the biochar treatment group and the γ-Fe₂O₃ NPs treatment group. Through principal component analysis, it was found that the combination of γ-Fe₂O₃ NPs and biochar was superior to other combinations and could be used to enhance the growth performance of melon seedlings in cadmium contaminated environments.

Key words: nano-iron oxide, biochar, cadmium, hydroponics, muskmelon

中图分类号:

李豪天, 李俊丽, 夏鹏, 王守悦, 黄佳利, 王运强. 镉胁迫下纳米氧化铁与生物炭复合处理对甜瓜幼苗生长及生理响应的影响[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2025, 64(10): 131-139.

LI Hao-tian, LI Jun-li, XIA Peng, WANG Shou-yue, HUANG Jia-li, WANG Yun-qiang. Growth and physiological response of muskmelon seedlings treated with nano-iron oxide and biochar under cadmium stress[J]. HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2025, 64(10): 131-139.

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