湖北农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 64 ›› Issue (8): 124-130.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.08.019

• 植物保护 • 上一篇    下一篇

十种蚂蚁触角感器类型扫描电镜观察

尤诗佳, 张新民   

  1. 西南林业大学林学院(亚太林学院)/云南省森林灾害预警与控制重点实验室,昆明 650224
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-28 出版日期:2025-08-25 发布日期:2025-09-12
  • 通讯作者: 张新民(1979-),男,河南商丘人,副教授,博士,主要从事森林昆虫学研究工作,(电子信箱)zhangxm7908@163.com。
  • 作者简介:尤诗佳(2000-),女,贵州贵定人,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为森林昆虫学,(电子信箱)15398602954@163.com;
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(31760633); 云南省农业联合专项(202101BD070001-057; 202301BD070001-151)

Scanning electron microscopy of antennal sensilla of ten species of ants

YOU Shi-jia, ZHANG Xin-min   

  1. College of Forestry (College of Asia-Pacific Forestry), Southwest Forestry University/Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control in Yunnan Province, Kunming 650224, China
  • Received:2025-03-28 Published:2025-08-25 Online:2025-09-12

摘要: 选择山大齿猛蚁(Odontomachus monticola Emery)、爪哇扁头猛蚁(Ectomomyrmex javanus Mayr)、东方行军蚁(Dorylus orientalis Westwood)、舒尔盘腹蚁(Aphaenogaster schurri Forel)、双脊铺道蚁[Tetramorium bicarinatum (Nylander)]、玛氏红蚁(Myrmica margaritae Emery)、长角狡臭蚁(Technomyrmex antennus Zhou)、戴氏时臭蚁[Chronoxenus dalyi (Forel)]、莱曼蚁(Formica lemani Bondroit)、拟哀弓背蚁(Camponotus pseudolendus Wu et Wang)10种蚂蚁为研究对象,开展了触角感器类型的扫描电镜观察工作。通过梯度脱水对蚂蚁触角进行干燥处理,利用扫描电子显微镜对分布在蚂蚁触角柄节、梗节和鞭节上的感受器进行观察、拍照、鉴定,分析各亚科、属间触角感受器的差异。结果表明,触角上主要有7种感器类型,分别为毛形感器(Sensilla trichoid,St)、腔锥感器(Sensilla coeloconica,Sco)、刺形感器(Sensilla chiaetica,Sc)、锥形感器(Sensella basiconica,Sb)、叉形感器(Sensilla furcatea,Sf)、鳞形感器(Sensilla squamiformia,Ss)和芽形感器(Sensilla gemmiformium,Sg)。其中毛形感器是蚂蚁触角上的主要感器,分布广、数量多,并有3种亚型。触角感受器的种类和数量在各分类阶元间存在一定的差异,可以作为蚂蚁分类的有效特征。

关键词: 膜翅目, 蚂蚁, 触角, 感器, 扫描电镜

Abstract: 10 ant species were selected as research subjects, including Odontomachus monticola Emery, Ectomomyrmex javanus Mayr, Dorylus orientalis Westwood, Aphaenogaster schurri Forel, Tetramorium bicarinatum (Nylander), Myrmica margaritae Emery, Technomyrmex antennus Zhou, Chronoxenus dalyi (Forel), Formica lemani Bondroit, and Camponotus pseudolendus Wu et Wang. The antennae of the ants were dried through gradient dehydration, and the sensilla distributed on the scape, pedicel, and flagellum of the antennae were observed, photographed, and identified using a scanning electron microscope. The differences in antennal sensilla among subfamilies and genera were analyzed. The results showed that there were mainly seven types of sensilla on the antennae: Sensilla trichoid (St), sensilla coeloconica (Sco), sensilla chaetica (Sc), sensilla basiconica (Sb), sensilla furcatea (Sf), sensilla squamiformia (Ss), and sensilla gemmiformium (Sg). Among them, sensilla trichoid was the main type on ant antennae, with a wide distribution, large quantity, and three subtypes. There were certain differences in the types and numbers of antennal sensilla among different taxonomic ranks, which could serve as effective characteristics for ant classification.​

Key words: Hymenoptera, ants, antennae, sensilla, scanning electron microscope

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