湖北农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 65 ›› Issue (5): 39-45.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2026.05.007

• 育种·栽培 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同谷子种质资源农艺性状鉴定与评价

王钰文1, 李欣儒2, 康林2, 范晓庆1, 瓮巧云1, 赵治海2, 范光宇2, 王晓明2, 刘颖慧1, 王峰2   

  1. 1.河北北方学院,河北 张家口 075000;
    2.张家口市农业科学院,河北 张家口 075000
  • 收稿日期:2025-12-09 出版日期:2026-05-25 发布日期:2026-05-26
  • 通讯作者: 王峰(1969-),男,河北康保人,研究员,主要从事谷子杂交育种及栽培研究,(电话)13803131510(电子信箱)wangfeng69@163.com。
  • 作者简介:王钰文(1998-),男,山东潍坊人,硕士,主要从事作物栽培研究,(电话)15963421608(电子信箱)929660014@qq.com;共同第一作者,李欣儒(1987-),女,吉林辽源人,副研究员,主要从事谷子遗传与育种研究,(电话)15530377517(电子信箱)763983992@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系; 杂交与优质谷子现代种业科技创新团队(21326302D); 河北宣化谷子科技小院

Identification and evaluation of agronomic traits of different Setaria italica germplasm resources

WANG Yu-wen1, LI Xin-ru2, KANG Lin2, FAN Xiao-qing1, WENG Qiao-yun1, ZHAO Zhi-hai2, FAN Guang-yu2, WANG Xiao-ming2, LIU Ying-hui1, WANG Feng2   

  1. 1. Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, Hebei,China;
    2. Zhangjiakou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhangjiakou 075000, Hebei,China
  • Received:2025-12-09 Published:2026-05-25 Online:2026-05-26

摘要: 针对不同来源的谷子(Setaria italica)种质资源农艺性状开展鉴定与综合评价,筛选优质高产的适宜品种,为谷子育种创新、推广种植及农业结构调整提供依据。对来自不同区域的460份谷子种质资源的重要农艺性状进行了综合评价。结果表明,供试谷子所有种质资源数量性状的变异系数排序为总叶片数<出谷率<穗长度<穗粗度<穗颈长度<千粒重<单穗重;在所有农艺性状中,倒二叶长度与倒二叶宽度呈极显著正相关(r=0.503),为所有正相关中最强;总叶片数与穗颈长度呈极显著负相关(r=-0.583),为所有负相关中最强;通过主成分分析得到5个主成分,其累计贡献率达78.4%;综合得分排名前10名的谷子种质资源依次是郑256、娄选丰、一根齐、马缰绳、半夜来、坝谷257、朝阳大穗1、黄谷、338A、向阳谷。

关键词: 谷子(Setaria italica), 种质资源, 农艺性状, 鉴定, 评价

Abstract: The identification and integrated evaluation of agronomic traits in Setaria italica germplasm resources from different sources were conducted to screen high-quality and high-yielding suitable varieties, providing a basis for Setaria italica breeding innovation, promotion of cultivation, and agricultural structure adjustment. An integrated evaluation of key agronomic traits was performed on 460 Setaria italica germplasm resources sourced from various regions. The results showed that the ranking of variation coefficients for quantitative traits among all germplasm resources of the tested Setaria italica was as follows: total number of leaves<grain yield<spike length<spike thickness<spike neck length<thousand kernel weight<spike weight; among all agronomic traits, the length of the top second leaf showed an extremely significant positive correlation with its width (r=0.503), representing the strongest positive correlation observed; the total leaf count exhibited an extremely significant negative correlation with the spike neck length (r=-0.583), which was the strongest negative correlation among all analyzed traits. Principal component analysis identified five principal components, which collectively accounted for 78.4% of the total variance. The top 10 ranked Setaria italica germplasm resources by comprehensive score were Zheng 256, Louxuanfeng, Yigenqi, Majiangsheng, Banyelai, Bagu 257, Chaoyang Daisui 1, Huanggu, 338A, and Xiangyanggu.

Key words: Setaria italica, germplasm resources, agronomic traits, identification, evaluation

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