氮磷减施互作对济宁市水稻产量和品质的影响

doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2026.08.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为研究氮磷减施互作对山东省济宁市稻麦轮作区水稻（Oryza sativa L.）产量和品质的影响,以常规粳稻品种圣稻18为材料,采用二因素随机区组设计,氮素设4个水平（N0：0 kg/hm²;N1：150 kg/hm²;N2：210 kg/hm²;N3：270 kg/hm²,均为纯N用量）、磷素设3个水平（P0：0 kg/hm²;P1：70 kg/hm²;P2：140 kg/hm²,均为P₂O₅用量）,共12个施肥处理,研究氮磷减施互作对水稻产量和品质的影响。结果表明,氮肥和磷肥的减量施用可以提高水稻产量,与常规施肥处理N3P2相比,磷肥减施50%的处理N3P1产量显著提高,且氮、磷肥分别减施22%、50%的处理N2P1和氮肥减施22%的处理N2P2与最高产量无显著差异;N3P1、N2P1和N2P2的精米率增加,直链淀粉含量降低。总体来看,与常规施肥处理N3P2相比,减施处理N3P1、N2P1和N2P2的产量显著增加且品质有所提升,是济宁市水稻生产较为合理的减量施肥技术。

关键词: 水稻（Oryza sativa L.）, 氮磷互作, 减量施肥, 产量, 品质, 山东省济宁市

Abstract: To investigate the interactive effects of reduced nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilization on rice yield and quality in the rice-wheat rotation region of Jining City, Shandong Province, the conventional japonica rice cultivar Shengdao 18 was used as the test material, and a two-factor randomized block design was adopted. Four nitrogen levels were set (N0: 0 kg/hm², N1: 150 kg/hm², N2: 210 kg/hm², N3: 270 kg/hm², all based on pure nitrogen), and three phosphorus levels were established (P0: 0 kg/hm², P1: 70 kg/hm², P2: 140 kg/hm², all calculated as P₂O₅). A total of 12 fertilization treatments were arranged to investigate the interactive effects of reduced nitrogen and phosphorus application on rice yield and quality. The results showed that moderate reduction of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers could improve rice yield. Compared with the conventional fertilization treatment N3P2, the yield of N3P1 (50% phosphorus reduction) increased significantly. The yield of N2P1 (22% nitrogen reduction and 50% phosphorus reduction) and N2P2 (22% nitrogen reduction) showed no significant difference from the maximum yield. Treatments N3P1, N2P1 and N2P2 presented higher milled rice rate, but lower amylose content. Overall, compared with conventional fertilization N3P2, treatments N3P1, N2P1 and N2P2 with reduced fertilizer input achieved significantly higher grain yield and improved grain quality, which could be recommended as reasonable reduced fertilization regimes for rice production in Jining City.

Key words: rice（Oryza sativa L.）, nitrogen and phosphorus interaction, reduced fertilization, yield, quality, Jining City, Shandong Province

中图分类号:

S511

信彩云, 李襄良, 马惠, 杨军, 辛淑荣. 氮磷减施互作对济宁市水稻产量和品质的影响[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2026, 65(8): 14-18.

XIN Cai-yun, LI Xiang-liang, MA Hui, YANG Jun, XIN Shu-rong. Effects of combined reduced application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers on rice yield and quality in Jining City[J]. HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2026, 65(8): 14-18.

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