湖北农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 65 ›› Issue (9): 157-163.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2026.09.026

• 农业机械 • 上一篇    下一篇

剪枝式沙棘采收机的设计与试验

王庆惠, 杨莉玲, 刘佳, 崔宽波, 杨忠强, 沈晓贺   

  1. 新疆维吾尔自治区农业科学院农业装备研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091
  • 收稿日期:2026-06-05 出版日期:2026-09-25 发布日期:2026-09-17
  • 通讯作者: 沈晓贺(1986-),男,江苏铜山人,硕士,副研究员,主要从事农业机械化与装备工程研究,(电子信箱)307385798@qq.com。
  • 作者简介:王庆惠(1980-),女,山东梁山人,博士,研究员,主要从事林果生产加工装备研究,(电话)13609978326(电子信箱)510945070@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    新疆维吾尔自治区天山创新团队计划项目(2023D14019);新疆维吾尔自治区林业发展补助资金(林草科技)项目(XJLYKJ-2023-09)

Design and experiment of pruning sea buckthorn harvester

WANG Qing-hui, YANG Li-ling, LIU Jia, CUI Kuan-bo, YANG Zhong-qiang, SHEN Xiao-he   

  1. Institute of Agricultural Equipment, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China
  • Received:2026-06-05 Published:2026-09-25 Online:2026-09-17

摘要: 针对沙棘(Hippophae rhamnoides L.)人工剪枝采收效率低下、成熟机型匮乏的问题,设计了一种剪枝式沙棘采收机,对拨枝轮、切割装置、输送装置和液压控制系统等关键工作部件进行设计分析,选取前进速度、切割器转速和拨枝轮转速为试验因素,以破茬率和损失率为采收评价指标,开展三因素三水平的正交试验。结果表明,影响损失率的因素从大到小依次为切割器转速、拨枝轮转速、前进速度;影响破茬率的因素从大到小依次为前进速度、切割器转速、拨枝轮转速。最优参数组合为前进速度1.2 m/s,切割器转速3 200 r/min、拨枝轮转速25 r/min,沙棘采收机的损失率10.91%,破茬率9.24%,试验值与模型预测值间的相对误差均小于5%,达到预期效果。

关键词: 沙棘(Hippophae rhamnoides L.), 剪枝式, 采收, 正交试验

Abstract: In order to solve the problems of low efficiency in manual pruning and lack of a mature harvester, a pruning sea buckthorn(Hippophae rhamnoides L.) harvester was designed. The key components such as the branch wheel, cutting device, conveying device and hydraulic control system were designed and analyzed. With the forward speed, cutter speed and branch wheel speed as the test factors, and the loss rate and breakage rate as the indices, field tests with three factors and three levels were carried out to verify. The results showed that the order of influencing factors on loss rate was cutter speed, branch wheel speed and forward speed, and the order of influencing factors on breakage rate was forward speed, cutter speed and branch wheel speed. The optimal parameter combination was the forward speed of 1.2 m/s, the cutter speed of 3 200 r/min, and the branch wheel speed of 25 r/min. Under this combination, the loss rate of the sea buckthorn harvester was 10.91%, and the stubble breakage rate was 9.24%. The relative errors between the experimental values and the model-predicted values were less than 5%, which achieved the expected effect.

Key words: sea buckthorn(Hippophae rhamnoides L.), pruning, harvesting, orthogonal test

中图分类号: