湖北农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 63 ›› Issue (6): 94-98.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2024.06.014

• 植物保护 • 上一篇    下一篇

化橘红挥发油对罗汉果斑枯病菌的抑制作用及机理

詹鑫婕1a,1b, 陈乾平1a,1b, 蒋妮1a,1b, 宋利沙1a,1b, 丘卓秋1a,1b, 黄琦1a,1b, 潘丽梅1a,1b, 冯世鑫1a,1b, 白丹宇1a, 蒋水元2   

  1. 1.广西壮族自治区药用植物园,a.广西道地药材高品质形成与应用重点实验室/广西中药材良种繁育技术创新中心;b.国家中医药传承创新中心,南宁 530023;
    2.广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所,广西 桂林 541006
  • 收稿日期:2023-04-18 出版日期:2024-06-25 发布日期:2024-06-26
  • 通讯作者: 蒋 妮,研究员,主要从事药用植物病虫害防治研究,(电子信箱)jiangni292@126.com。
  • 作者简介:詹鑫婕(1989-),女,广西柳州人,主管技师,硕士,主要从事药用植物病害研究,(电话)18878730996(电子信箱)554504719@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    广西重点研发计划项目(桂科AB20159014; 桂科AB21238011); 桂林市科学研究与技术开发计划项目(20180102-4); 广西中管局项目(GZSY23-03); 广西中药材品质创新研究团队项目(GZKJ2305)

Inhibition and mechanism of volatile oil of Citri grandis against the Stagonosporopsis cucurbitacearum of Siraitia grosvenorii

ZHAN Xin-jie1a,1b, CHEN Qian-ping1a,1b, JIANG Ni1a,1b, SONG Li-sha1a,1b, QIU Zhuo-qiu1a,1b, HUANG Qi1a,1b, PAN Li-mei1a,1b, FENG Shi-xin1a,1b, BAI Dan-yu1a, JIANG Shui-yuan2   

  1. 1a.Guangxi Key Laboratory for High Quality Formation and Utilization of Dao-Di Herbs/Guangxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Breeding Technology Innovation Center; 1b.National Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance and Innovation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning 530023,China;
    2. Guangxi Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin 541006,Guangxi,China
  • Received:2023-04-18 Published:2024-06-25 Online:2024-06-26

摘要: 采用平板抑菌法结合盆栽防治试验测定化橘红(Citri grandis Exocarpium)挥发油对罗汉果(Siraitia grosvenorii)斑枯病菌(Stagonosporopsis cucurbitacearum)的抑制活性。通过显微观察病原菌菌丝体的形态及测定挥发油处理病原菌菌丝体后处理液的电导率及可溶性蛋白质含量变化情况,探究化橘红挥发油的抑菌机理。平板抑菌结果表明,化橘红挥发油稀释≤1 000倍对罗汉果斑枯病病原菌菌丝生长的抑制率均达100.0%,显著高于80%多菌灵可湿性粉剂稀释1 000倍的抑制率(88.7%)。盆栽试验结果表明,化橘红挥发油稀释1 000倍,45%戊唑·咪鲜胺乳油和10%苯醚甲环唑乳油对罗汉果斑枯病病斑扩展的抑制率均在80.0%以上,且均显著高于80%多菌灵可湿性粉剂的抑制率(70.68%)。显微镜下观察发现,经化橘红挥发油处理7 d的病原菌菌丝呈念珠状膨大并有断裂现象。菌丝体与化橘红挥发油共培养结果表明,混合液的电导率及可溶性蛋白质含量均随着化橘红挥发油处理浓度的加大、互作时间的延长而提高;浓度为2.0 g/L的化橘红挥发油与病原菌菌丝共培养48 h,培养液的电导率为279.208 μS/cm,为各处理最大值;挥发油终质量分数0.2%、作用60 h后,培养液中的可溶性蛋白质含量达90.6 μg/mL,为各处理的最大值。

关键词: 罗汉果(Siraitia grosvenorii), 斑枯病菌(Stagonosporopsis cucurbitacearum), 化橘红(Citri grandis Exocarpium), 挥发油, 抑制作用及机理

Abstract: The inhibitory activity of Citri grandis oil on Stagonosporopsis cucurbitacearum of Siraitia grosvenorii was determined by the plate bacteriostatic method combined with pot experiment. The antifungal mechanism of the volatile oil of Citri grandis was investigated by observing the morphology of pathogenic mycelia and measuring the change of conductivity and soluble protein content in the treatment solution of pathogenic mycelia treated by volatile oil. The results of the plate antibacterial test indicated that the inhibition rate of bacterial filamentum growth was 100.0% when the volatile oil was diluted less than 1 000 times, which was significantly higher than the inhibition rate of 80% carbendazim wettable powder diluted 1 000 times (88.7%). The results of pot experiment showed that when the volatile oil was diluted 1 000 times, the inhibition rates of 45% pentazole-imimidazole emulsion and 10% difenoconazole emulsion were both above 80.0%, and significantly higher than that of 80% carbendazim wettable powder (70.68%). Under the microscope, it was found that the pathogenic mycelia treated with Citri grandis volatile oil for 7 days showed a moniliform expansion and fracture phenomenon. The results of co-culture of mycelium with volatile oil showed that the conductivity and soluble protein content of the mixture increased with the increase of volatile oil concentration and the prolongation of interaction time. The conductivity of the culture medium was 279.208 μS/cm, which was the maximum value of each treatment, when volatile oil with the concentration of 2.0 g/L was co-cultured with pathogenic mycelia for 48 h. When the final mass fraction of volatile oil was 0.2%, the soluble protein content in culture medium reached 90.6 μg/mL after 60 h of treatment, which was the maximum value of each treatment.

Key words: Siraitia grosvenorii, Stagonosporopsis cucurbitacearum, Citri grandis Exocarpium, essential oil, inhibition and mechanism

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