湖北农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 63 ›› Issue (11): 108-113.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2024.11.019

• 园艺·特产 • 上一篇    下一篇

梨园生草对土壤养分和微生物多样性的影响

张贵友, 洪娟, 黄翔, 杜雷, 王素萍, 姜利, 姚延兴   

  1. 武汉市农业科学院,武汉 430070
  • 收稿日期:2023-11-21 出版日期:2024-11-25 发布日期:2024-12-03
  • 通讯作者: 姚延兴(1977-),男,山东泰安人,高级农艺师,博士,主要从事果树栽培生理与生物技术研究,(电话)18971613060(电子信箱)yaoyanxing@126.com。
  • 作者简介:张贵友(1986-),男,山东威海人,农艺师,博士,主要从事农业种植环境检测、诊断和分析、养分资源管理等研究,(电话)15071211977(电子信箱)240566742@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    湖北省农业科技创新中心重大科技研发项目(2020-620-000-002-05)

Effects of grass planting in pear orchard on soil nutrients and microbial diversity

ZHANG Gui-you, HONG Juan, HUANG Xiang, DU Lei, WANG Su-ping, JIANG Li, YAO Yan-xing   

  1. Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430070,China
  • Received:2023-11-21 Published:2024-11-25 Online:2024-12-03

摘要: 以自然生草为对照,设置3种人工生草,观察3种草种的生长覆盖特性,分析人工生草对梨园耕层土壤养分和土壤微生物多样性的影响。结果表明,毛苕子(Vicia villosa Roth.)对梨园土壤覆盖效果优于白车轴草(Trifolium repens L.)和紫云英(Astragalus sinicus L.);人工生草和自然生草均可有效提高土壤地力,但自然生草对土壤速效养分的积累效果优于人工生草;白车轴草覆盖对土壤有机质、速效钾和全氮的提升效果优于自然生草、紫云英和毛苕子,毛苕子覆盖对土壤硝态氮的提升效果优于自然生草、白车轴草和紫云英;在生草覆盖阶段,自然生草和人工生草均可有效提高土壤微生物的多样性,紫云英生长后期土壤微生物多样性不及自然生草、白车轴草和毛苕子。

关键词: 梨园, 生草, 土壤养分, 微生物多样性

Abstract: Using naturally grown grasses as a control, three kinds of artificially planted grasses were set up to observe the growth and cover characteristics of the three kinds of grass, and the changes of artificially planted grasses on soil nutrients and microbial diversity in pear orchards were analyzed. The results showed that Vicia villosa demonstrated superior soil coverage effects in pear orchards compared to Trifolium repens and Astragalus sinicus. Both artificially planted and naturally grown grasses could effectively enhance soil fertility, but naturally grown grasses showed better accumulation of soil available nutrients than artificially planted ones; Trifolium repens coverage significantly improved soil organic matter, available potassium and total nitrogen levels compared to natural grasses, Astragalus sinicus and Vicia villosa. Vicia villosa coverage was superior in enhancing soil nitrate nitrogen levels compared to natural grasses, Trifolium repens and Astragalus sinicus. During the grass coverage period, both natural and artificial grassing effectively increased soil microbial diversity. In the later growth stage of Astragalus sinicus, soil microbial diversity was less than that of natural grasses, Trifolium repens and Vicia villosa.

Key words: pear orchard, grass planting, soil nutrient, microbial diversity

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