苏北地区覆膜栽培方式对露地辣椒生长和土壤养分的影响

doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.10.020

湖北农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (10): 115-118.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.10.020

苏北地区覆膜栽培方式对露地辣椒生长和土壤养分的影响

丁颖, 刘艳艳

江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所,江苏盐城 224002

收稿日期:2023-06-28 发布日期:2023-11-14
通讯作者: 刘艳艳（1990-）,女,山东日照人,助理研究员,硕士,主要从事作物抗逆育种研究,（电话）15961930197（电子信箱）1052233980@qq.com。
作者简介:丁颖（1995-）,女,江苏盐城人,研究实习员,硕士,主要从事作物栽培研究,（电话）15962080875（电子信箱）949442747@qq.com。
基金资助:
江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目（CX（21）3031）

Effects of plastic mulching cultivation methods on the growth and soil nutrients of peppers in open fields in northern Jiangsu Province

DING Ying, LIU Yan-yan

Jiangsu Coastal Area Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Yancheng 224002,Jiangsu,China

Received:2023-06-28 Published:2023-11-14

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了探究苏北地区露地辣椒栽培更好的地膜覆盖方式,以苏椒5号为研究对象,设置畦面地膜覆盖（T₂）、畦面起垄连沟全地膜覆盖（T₃）2种地膜覆盖方式,以不覆膜（T₁）为对照（CK）,研究地膜覆盖不同栽培方式对露地辣椒植株生长、产量、土壤氮素、盐分和pH的影响。结果表明,T₃处理的辣椒初花期、结果期和采收期可至少提前5 d,鲜椒单果质量和产量分别显著高于不覆膜处理18.95%和11.99%;在苗期、开花坐果期、成熟期3个时期,T₃处理的辣椒株高分别显著高于T₁处理34.28%、30.30%和16.66%,茎粗分别显著高于T₁处理42.75%、26.79%和26.64%;在成熟期,T₃处理的辣椒植株展开度可达78.9 cm×81.2 cm,地上部干物质量分别显著高于T₁和T₂处理24.35%和12.01%。在开花坐果期,T₂和T₃处理的土壤TN（全氮）含量分别显著低于T₁处理5.77%、24.04%,土壤速效氮含量分别显著低于T₁处理12.99%和12.27%;在苗期和成熟期,T₃处理的0~20 cm土层土壤水溶性盐含量分别显著低于T₁处理85.26%和17.35%。

关键词: 辣椒, 地膜覆盖, 生育期, 产量, 土壤养分, 苏北地区

Abstract: In order to explore better plastic film mulching cultivation methods for peppers in open fields in northern Jiangsu Province, the commonly used local variety Sujiao No.5 was used as experimental material. Two plastic film mulching cultivation methods were set up, including plastic mulching only on the ridge surface（T₂）, and the ridge and furrow with plastic mulching on whole ground（T₃）. Taking no plastic mulching（T₁）as the control （CK）, the effects of different plastic film mulching cultivation methods on the growth, yield, soil nitrogen, salinity, and pH of peppers in open fields were studied. The results showed that compared to T₁ treatment, T₃ treatment could advance the initial flowering, fruiting, and harvesting stages of peppers by at least 5 days, and significantly improve the quality and yield of fresh peppers by 18.95% and 11.99%, respectively; at the seedling stage, flowering and fruiting stage, and maturity stage, the pepper plant height of T₃ treatment was significantly higher than that of T₁ treatment by 34.28%, 30.30%, and 16.66%, respectively, and the pepper plant stem diameter was significantly higher than that of T₁ treatment by 42.75%, 26.79%, and 26.64%, respectively; in the mature stage, the unfolding degree of T₃ treatment could reach 78.9 cm×81.2 cm, and the aboveground dry mass was significantly higher than that of T₁ and T₂ treatments by 24.35% and 12.01%, respectively. During the flowering and fruiting period, the soil TN content of T₂ and T₃ treatments was significantly lower than that of T₁ treatment by 5.77% and 24.04%, respectively. The soil available nitrogen content was significantly lower than that of T₁ treatment by 12.99% and 12.27%, respectively; during the seedling and maturity stages, the water-soluble salt content of 0~20 cm soil layer treated by T₃ treatment was significantly lower than that treated by T₁ treatment by 85.26% and 17.35%, respectively.

Key words: pepper, plastic film mulching, growth period, yield, soil nutrients, northern Jiangsu Province

中图分类号:

S641.3

丁颖, 刘艳艳. 苏北地区覆膜栽培方式对露地辣椒生长和土壤养分的影响[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2023, 62(10): 115-118.

DING Ying, LIU Yan-yan. Effects of plastic mulching cultivation methods on the growth and soil nutrients of peppers in open fields in northern Jiangsu Province[J]. HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2023, 62(10): 115-118.

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苏北地区覆膜栽培方式对露地辣椒生长和土壤养分的影响

Effects of plastic mulching cultivation methods on the growth and soil nutrients of peppers in open fields in northern Jiangsu Province

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