湖北农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 64 ›› Issue (8): 147-151.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.08.022

• 药用植物 • 上一篇    下一篇

化肥与虎杖渣对27月龄虎杖生长发育的影响对比

张泽志1, 尚芳2, 刘姝3, 封海东1   

  1. 1.十堰市农业科学院,湖北 十堰 442000;
    2.十堰市郧阳区农业农村局,湖北 十堰 442000;
    3.湖北省十堰市房州药业有限责任公司,湖北 十堰 442000
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-09 出版日期:2025-08-25 发布日期:2025-09-12
  • 通讯作者: 封海东(1969-),男,湖北十堰人,正高级农艺师,主要从事中药材相关技术研究与推广工作,(电子信箱)1750552838@qq.com。
  • 作者简介:张泽志(1989-),男,湖北黄冈人,农艺师,硕士,主要从事中药材相关技术研究与推广工作,(电子信箱)179117170@qq.com;
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(U20A20401); 2025年湖北省联合基金项目(2025AFD221); 云南省科技厅科技计划项目(202204AC100001-A01); 湖北省中医药管理局重点项目(ZY023Z021)

Comparison of the effects of fertilizer and Polygonum cuspidatum residue on the growth and development of 27-month-old Polygonum cuspidatum

ZHANG Ze-zhi1, SHANG Fang2, LIU Shu3, FENG Hai-dong1   

  1. 1. Shiyan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China;
    2. Yunyang District Agriculture and Rural Bureau, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China;
    3. Fangzhou Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.,Shiyan 442000,Hubei,China
  • Received:2025-04-09 Published:2025-08-25 Online:2025-09-12

摘要: 2022年分别采用虎杖渣和化肥硫酸钾作为基肥,大田栽培27个月后,对虎杖的地上农艺性状、单叶表面积与气孔数量、根系药用成分含量和土壤水溶性团聚体进行检测,并对地上鲜干重进行称量、计算各部分占比,分析化肥硫酸钾和虎杖渣对虎杖栽培的影响。结果表明,与未施肥处理(CK+种茎)相比,化肥硫酸钾或虎杖渣对虎杖地上茎叶干重、株高、茎粗、主干茎节数、叶片数、总分枝均有显著促进作用,且虎杖渣对虎杖地上鲜重、单叶表面积、单叶气孔数量也有显著促进作用,但化肥硫酸钾仅对虎杖鲜叶、鲜分枝有显著促进作用。此外,27月龄虎杖根系的虎杖苷含量符合药典标准,但大黄素、白藜芦醇含量未达到相关标准;且27月龄虎杖根系土壤水溶性团聚体无显著差异,仅虎杖种苗栽培在虎杖渣条件下,其根际土壤2~4 mm团聚体含量和MWD(平均质量直径)较大。虎杖渣可作为基肥还田利用,且效果优于化肥硫酸钾。

关键词: 化肥, 虎杖渣, 还田利用, 农艺性状, 对比

Abstract: In 2022, using Polygonum cuspidatum residue and chemical fertilizer potassium sulfate as base fertilizers respectively, after 27 months of field cultivation, the above-ground agronomic traits, single leaf surface area, stomatal number, medicinal component content of the root system, and soil water-soluble aggregates of Polygonum cuspidatum were determined. The fresh and dry weights of the above-ground parts were measured, and the proportion of each part was calculated to analyze the effects of chemical fertilizer potassium sulfate or Polygonum cuspidatum residue on Polygonum cuspidatum cultivation. The results showed that compared with the no-fertilization treatment(CK + seed stems), both chemical fertilizer potassium sulfate and Polygonum cuspidatum residue significantly promoted the dry weight of above-ground stems and leaves, plant height, stem diameter, number of main stem nodes, number of leaves, and total branches of Polygonum cuspidatum. Additionally, Polygonum cuspidatum residue also significantly promoted the above-ground fresh weight, single leaf surface area, and single leaf stomatal number of Polygonum cuspidatum, while chemical fertilizer potassium sulfate only significantly promoted the fresh weight of leaves and branches of Polygonum cuspidatum. In addition, the content of polydatin in the root system of 27-month-old Polygonum cuspidatum met the pharmacopoeial standards, but the contents of emodin and resveratrol did not meet the relevant standards. There was no significant difference in soil water-soluble aggregates in the root system of 27-month-old Polygonum cuspidatum, and only the 2~4 mm aggregate content in rhizosphere soil and MWD (mean weight diameter) of Polygonum cuspidatum seedlings cultivated under the condition of Polygonum cuspidatum residue were larger. Polygonum cuspidatum residue could be used as base fertilizer for returning to the field, and its effect was better than that of chemical fertilizer potassium sulfate.

Key words: fertilizer, Polygonum cuspidatum residue, returning to field for utilization, agronomic traits, comparison

中图分类号: