湖北农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 65 ›› Issue (4): 131-140.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2026.04.021

• 园艺·特产 • 上一篇    下一篇

油菜素内酯对杜鹃氮、磷、钾元素吸收与利用效率的影响

吴梅   

  1. 武汉纺织大学后勤保障处,武汉 430200
  • 收稿日期:2025-10-14 出版日期:2026-04-25 发布日期:2026-05-06
  • 作者简介:吴 梅(1988-),女,湖北孝感人,硕士,主要从事园林植物及园林景观,(电子信箱)252392276@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(32371933; 3207140211)

Effects of brassinolide on nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium uptake and utilization efficiency in ornamental Rhododendron

WU Mei   

  1. Logistics Support Division, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200,China
  • Received:2025-10-14 Published:2026-04-25 Online:2026-05-06

摘要: 以杜鹃为材料,探讨了油菜素内酯(BR)对其营养元素吸收与利用效率的调控机制。结果表明,适宜浓度(20 μmol/L)BR处理可显著促进杜鹃植株生长,提高光合作用效率及优化根系结构,进而增强植株对氮、磷、钾等营养元素的吸收与利用能力。BR处理显著上调了氮转运基因(NRT1.1)、磷转运基因(PHT1.1)和钾转运基因(HAK5)等关键转运基因的表达,同时改善了根际土壤酶活性与微生物多样性,从而优化了营养吸收的微环境。在减量施肥条件下,BR有效缓解了养分不足对植物生长造成的不利影响。综上,BR通过促进根系发育、调控基因表达与改善土壤微生态环境等协同机制,共同提升了杜鹃对养分的吸收与利用效率。

关键词: 油菜素内酯, 杜鹃, 减量施肥, 营养元素, 吸收与利用效率

Abstract: The regulatory mechanisms by which brassinolide (BR) modulated nutrient uptake and utilization efficiency in Rhododendron were investigated. The results demonstrated that an optimal BR concentration (20 μmol/L) significantly promoted plant growth, enhanced photosynthetic performance, and improved root system architecture, thereby strengthening the uptake and utilization capacity for nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. The expression of key nutrient transporter genes, including the nitrogen transporter NRT1.1, the phosphate transporter PHT1.1, and the potassium transporter HAK5, was markedly upregulated by BR treatment. In addition, rhizospheric enzyme activities and microbial diversity were enhanced by BR, leading to an improved microenvironment for nutrient acquisition. Under reduced fertilization conditions, the adverse effects of nutrient deficiency on plant growth were effectively mitigated by BR. Collectively, it was indicated that BR enhanced nutrient uptake and utilization efficiency in Rhododendron through coordinated mechanisms involving root development, transcriptional regulation of transporter genes, and optimization of the rhizosphere microecological environment.

Key words: brassinolide, Rhododendron, reduced fertilization, nutrient elements, uptake and utilization efficiency

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