Abstract: In more than 30 years of governance practice, China has gradually formed the rural grassroots governance model of "township government and villager self-government". Among them, the imbalance between the township government and the village committee hinders the further development of the township-village society. From the perspective of the theory of self-government of villager and the governance model of "township government and villager self-government", concludes that the conflict between township-village relationship is manifested as：financial contradiction and resource allocation contradiction in the economic field. The contradiction of administrative intervention and the contradiction of index task in the political field, the conflict of Township-village construction planning in the field of social management. The reasons of the absence of law, the public quality, the lack of democratic supervision and the system pressure are anylazed, And some suggestions are proposed, such as puting forward to construct government service system, improving the government performance evaluation mechanism; strengthening the democratic supervision mechanism, improving laws and regulations, and innovating governance models and other coordinated optimization strategies.

Key words: villager autonomy, township-village relations, township government and villager self-government