Effects of different water and fertilizer treatments on soil nitrogen and phosphorus fertility characteristics in rice-wheat rotation field

doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.06.004

Abstract

Abstract: Different irrigation methods, types of nitrogen fertilizer, and phosphorus fertilizer levels were used to explore changes in nitrogen and phosphorus fertility of rice-wheat rotation fields in Taihu lake basin. The results showed that the total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, total phosphorus, and available phosphorus content in the soil after the rice harvest decreased by 3.73~12.27, 18.58~43.34, 7.36~24.15, 1.22~9.67 and 14.03~35.92 percentage points respectively, compared with those before soaking; Compared with traditional irrigation, intermittent irrigation treatments reduced the ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen of the soil after harvest by 12.81~20.25 and 2.46~14.36 percentage points, and the total phosphorus increased by 1.65~3.99 percentage points; In traditional irrigation and intermittent irrigation, the content of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the soil after harvest treated with the new slow-release nitrogen fertilizer reduced by 30% was higher than that of conventional urea split fertilization and no fertilization treatments; Compared with the control treatment, the rice season with no phosphorus treatments after harvest, the total phosphorus in the soil increased by 0.38~5.62 percentage points. Therefore, intermittent irrigation, slow-release nitrogen fertilizer with 30% nitrogen reduction and rice season phosphorus-free treatment can effectively reduce soil nitrogen and phosphorus losses, thereby reducing water pollution caused by farmland nitrogen and phosphorus loss.

Key words: irrigation method, fertilization method, soil nitrogen and phosphorus, rice-wheat rotation, Taihu lake basin

CLC Number:

SUN Wan-ru, SHEN Jian-lin, LI Yong, WANG Yi, WANG Bo. Effects of different water and fertilizer treatments on soil nitrogen and phosphorus fertility characteristics in rice-wheat rotation field[J]. HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2021, 60(6): 23-26.

References

[1] 石兰英,田新红,田新民,等.兴凯湖地区不同土地利用方式对土壤养分状况的影响[J].湖北农业科学,2018,57(22):36-38.
[2] 王夏雯,王绍华,李刚华,等.氮素穗肥对水稻幼穗细胞分裂素和生长素浓度的影响及其与颖花发育的关系[J].作物学报,2008,34(12):2184-2189.
[3] 刘亚柏,刘照亭,刘伟忠,等.有机水稻田土壤肥力综合评价[J].江苏农业学报,2013,29(6):1517-1519.
[4] 郭涛,薛芳,杨军,等.不同氮肥追施量对圣稻735产量和品质的影响[J].作物研究,2017,31(5):466-469.
[5] 张雪凌,姜慧敏,刘晓,等.优化氮肥用量和基追比例提高红壤性水稻土肥力和双季稻氮素的农学效应[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2017,23(2):351-359.
[6] LIANG B,ZHAO W,YANG X Y,et al.Fate of nitrogen-15 as influenced by soil and nutrient management history in a 19-year wheat-maize experiment[J].Field crops research,2013,144:126-134.
[7] 李冬初,王伯仁,黄晶,等.长期不同施肥红壤磷素变化及其对产量的影响[J].中国农业科学,2019,52(21):3830-3841.
[8] MACDONALD G K,BENNETT E M,POTTER P A, et al.Agronomic phosphorus imbalances across the world’s croplands[J].Proceedings of the national academy of sciences of the United States of America,2011,108(7):3086-3091.
[9] 张福锁,王激清,张卫峰,等.中国主要粮食作物肥料利用率现状与提高途径[J].土壤学报,2008(5):915-924.
[10] 杨林章,吴永红.农业面源污染防控与水环境保护[J].中国科学院院刊,2018,33(2):168-176.
[11] ZHANG J F.Forestry measures for ecologically controlling non-point source pollution in Taihu lake watershed, China[M].Singapore:Springer Singapore,2016.
[12] 石岳峰,张民,张志华,等.不同类型氮肥对夏玉米产量、氮肥利用率及土壤氮素表观盈亏的影响[J].水土保持学报,2009,23(6):95-98.
[13] 侯红乾,冀建华,刘益仁,等.缓/控释肥对双季稻产量、氮素吸收和平衡的影响[J].土壤,2018,50(1):43-50.
[14] 张亮,曹秀清,蒋尚明,等.间歇灌溉模式不同间歇时间下江淮丘陵区水稻耗水规律及其节水效益研究[J].节水灌溉,2020(10):6-9.
[15] ALI M A,HOQUE M A,KIM P J.Mitigating global warming potentials of methane and nitrous oxide gases from rice paddies under different irrigation regimes[J].AMBIO,2013,42(3):357-368.
[16] 鲍士旦. 土壤农化分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000.
[17] 冯爱青,张民,李成亮,等.控释氮肥对土壤酶活性与土壤养分利用的影响[J].水土保持学报,2014,28(3):177-184.
[18] 王素萍,李小坤,鲁剑巍,等.施用控释尿素对油菜籽产量、氮肥利用率及土壤无机氮含量的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2012,18(6):1449-1456.
[19] 田昌,周旋,谢桂先,等.控释尿素减施对双季稻田土壤剖面养分分布特征的影响[J].水土保持学报,2018,32(4):216-221.
[20] 陈浩,汪玉,袁佳慧,等.太湖稻麦轮作区减施磷肥对土壤供磷和小麦吸收磷的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2018,37(4):741-746.
[21] 周驰,李阳,曹秀云,等.风干和淹水过程对巢湖流域土壤和沉积物磷吸附行为的影响[J].长江流域资源与环境,2012,21(S2):10-17.
[22] 余双,崔远来,王力,等.水稻间歇灌溉对土壤肥力的影响[J].武汉大学学报(工学版),2016,49(1):46-53.