Abstract: In order to understand the differences in biological indicators of Apodemus peninsulae and Clethrionomys rufocanus, two species of mice were dissected, and the related indicators were measured,compared and analyzed. The results showed that there were extremely significant differences in body length, forefoot length and tail length between Apodemus peninsulae and Clethrionomys rufocanus （P<0.01）, significant differences in ear length （P<0.05） and no significant differences in hind foot length. The differences of body length, ear length, foot length and tail length of female Apodemus peninsulae and female Clethrionomys rufocanus were extremely significant （P<0.01）. The differences in body weight, carcass weight, heart weight, lung weight, and stomach weight of Apodemus peninsulae and Clethrionomys rufocanus are extremely significant （P<0.01）, while the differences in spleen weight and kidney weight are not significant. There were significant differences in liver weights between male Apodemus peninsulae and male Clethrionomys rufocanus （P<0.05）. There was no significant difference in liver weights between female Apodemus peninsulae and female Clethrionomys rufocanus.

Key words: Apodemus peninsulae, Clethrionomys rufocanus, organ comparison, length measurement