Abstract: Aiming at the problems of fragmented cultivation techniques and the difficulty in synergistically improving yield and quality in chrysanthemum production in Macheng, a four-factor three-level orthogonal experiment design was adopted to systematically investigate the effects of cultivar (early-flowering Fubaiju, Fubaiju, Hangbaiju), planting density (37 500,45 000,52 500 plants/hm²), pinching frequency (2, 3, 4 times), and organic fertilizer substitution rate (20%, 30%, 40%) on the yield and quality of chrysanthemum. The results showed that cultivar was the decisive factor affecting chrysanthemum quality. The average chlorogenic acid content in early-flowering Fubaiju was 0.597%, 2.6 times that of Hangbaiju; the average isochlorogenic acid A content was 1.211%, 2.7 times that of Hangbaiju. The organic fertilizer substitution rate significantly affected both yield and quality. The treatment with a 20% substitution rate achieved an average yield of 10 205.28 kg/hm² and showed the best overall performance. Pinching frequency improved some quality indicators, but a frequency of 2 times showed the best comprehensive performance. Range analysis indicated that the order of factors affecting yield was: Organic fertilizer substitution rate > cultivar > pinching frequency > planting density. The order for chlorogenic acid content was: Cultivar > organic fertilizer substitution rate > pinching frequency > planting density. Based on comprehensive yield and quality performance, the optimal cultivation scheme was recommended as: Early-flowering Fubaiju + 37 500 plants/hm² + 2 pinching times + 20% organic fertilizer substitution rate. This combination was expected to achieve a yield of 9 348.90 kg/hm², a chlorogenic acid content of 0.630%, an isochlorogenic acid A content of 1.262%, and a comprehensive score of 62.83, realizing the synergistic improvement of yield and quality.

Key words: chrysanthemum, orthogonal experiment, yield, quality, cultivation technique optimization