Study on the prevention and control of taro soft rot by biochar environment combined with biocontrol bacteria Bacillus amyloliquefaciens P4

doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.21.014

Abstract

Abstract: In order to explore the biological control resources of taro soft rot, the antagonistic effect of biochar environment and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens on the pathogen of taro soft rot （Dickeya fangzhongdai） and the biological control effect were discussed. A strain P4 antagonistic to Dickeya fangzhongdai ZXC1 was screened from healthy taro plants by plate confrontation method and classified and identified. The antagonistic effect of biocontrol bacteria was verified by competitive culture. Using the confrontation plate method, whether biochar could promote the secretion of antagonistic substances by biocontrol bacteria was determined according to the size of inhibition zone; the counting statistics method was used to determine the number of pathogenic bacteria and antagonistic bacteria in different concentrations of biochar environment. Pot experiments were carried out under different biochar contents to analyze the changes in the number of pathogenic bacteria of Dickeya fangzhongdai under biochar environment and biocontrol bacteria, and the incidence of taro was counted. The results showed that P4 strain had a good inhibitory effect on the pathogen of Dickeya fangzhongdai. Appropriate amount of biochar could enhance the control effect of biocontrol bacteria on soft rot of taro, and could directly inhibit the pathogenicity of pathogenic bacteria; the effect of biochar directly stimulating biocontrol bacteria to enhance their secretion of antagonistic substances was very weak. The number of biocontrol bacteria and pathogens increased with the increase of biochar concentration. P4 strain could be used as biocontrol bacteria of taro soft rot. Adding an appropriate amount of biochar could promote the growth and reproduction of biocontrol bacteria in soil to occupy a good ecological niche, enhance the biocontrol effect of biocontrol bacteria on taro soft rot, and only adding biochar could also inhibit the pathogenic bacteria.

Key words: soft rot of taro （Dickeya fangzhongdai）, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, biochar, microbial control, biocontrol bacteria

CLC Number:

S435

WANG Ying-le, LI Yong-lin, LIANG Xue, HUANG Shu-fen, ZHANG Lian-hui, LIAO Li-sheng, ZHOU Xiao-fan. Study on the prevention and control of taro soft rot by biochar environment combined with biocontrol bacteria Bacillus amyloliquefaciens P4[J]. HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2022, 61(21): 79-85.

References

[1] 董晓菲,叶祖云,刘雨虹,等. 槟榔芋软腐病生防真菌的筛选[J]. 福建农业学报, 2020,35(5): 538-544.
[2] 戴立智, 俞如海. 槟榔芋软腐病的发生与综合防治技术[J]. 现代园艺, 2011(16): 45-46.
[3] 吕超燕. 荔浦芋软腐病发生相关因子初探[J]. 广西植保, 2012,25(3): 21-22.
[4] 梁影, 秦和生. 桂林市槟榔芋主要病虫害发生规律及综合防治[J]. 南方园艺, 2020,31(4): 83-84.
[5] 韩长志. 植物病害生防菌的研究现状及发展趋势[J]. 中国森林病虫, 2015,34(1): 33-37.
[6] 姜旭. 利用微生物防治植物病害研究进展[J]. 园艺与种苗, 2018(6): 57-58.
[7] 何斐, 崔鸣. 魔芋软腐病生物防治研究进展[J]. 陕西农业科学, 2017,63(1): 64-67.
[8] 贾熙超. 棉花枯黄萎病生防菌筛选及抗病机理研究[D]. 济南:山东师范大学, 2018.
[9] 涂璇. 辣椒疫霉生防菌筛选及生防菌剂应用研究[D]. 陕西杨凌:西北农林科技大学, 2004.
[10] 李书强,李林会, 沈江洁, 等. 生防菌对黄瓜枯萎病防效及其对黄瓜诱导抗性测定[J]. 河北科技师范学院学报,2017,31(1): 53-58.
[11] CHEN X H, SCHOLZ R, BORRISS M, et al.Difficidin and bacilysin produced by plant-associated Bacillus amyloliquefaciens are efficient in controlling fire blight disease[J]. Journal of biotechnology, 2009,140(1-2): 38-44.
[12] 陈士云,杨宝玉,高梅影,等.一株抑制油菜核盘菌菌核形成的解淀粉芽孢杆菌[J]. 应用与环境生物学报,2005,11(3):373-376.
[13] 孙燕霞, 张瑞清, 刘保友, 等. 白地霉和解淀粉芽孢杆菌对黄瓜枯萎病的防治效果[J]. 山东农业科学, 2010(12): 55-57.
[14] 陈志谊, 刘永峰, 刘邮洲, 等. 植物病害生防芽孢杆菌研究进展[J]. 江苏农业学报,2012,28(5): 999-1006.
[15] ELAD Y, CYTRYN E, HAREL Y M, et al.The biochar effect: Plant resistance to biotic stresses[J]. Phytopathologia mediterranea, 2011,50(3): 335-349.
[16] 高焕勇, 邱广伟, 张鑫, 等. 不同时期施用草木灰对网棚生产脱毒马铃薯原种产量的影响[J]. 农业科技通讯, 2013(6): 90-92.
[17] 张广雨,胡志明, 褚德朋, 等. 生物炭对根际土壤微生态的调控及对烟草青枯病的防控作用[J]. 中国烟草学报,2020,26(6): 81-88.
[18] JAISWAL A K, ALKAN N, ELAD Y, et al.Molecular insights into biochar-mediated plant growth promotion and systemic resistance in tomato against Fusarium crown and root rot disease[J]. Scientific reports, 2020,10(1): 13934.
[19] 刘悦, 史文琦, 曾凡松, 等. 生物炭对小麦赤霉病的防治效果及产量的影响[J]. 植物保护, 2020,46(4): 270-274.
[20] 张猛, 王琼, 冯发运, 等. 稻壳生物炭搭载特基拉芽孢杆菌防治西瓜枯萎病[J]. 江苏农业学报, 2019,35(6): 1308-1315.
[21] 唐晔盛, 李英, 朱静洁, 等. 菌落PCR在大规模基因组测序中的应用[J]. 生物化学与生物物理进展, 2002,29(2):316-318.
[22] HUANG S F,CHEN Z Q,HU M, et al.First report of bacterial soft rot disease on taro caused by Dickeya fangzhongdai in China[J]. Plant disease, 2021(10):2225.
[23] LEHMANN J,RILLIG M C,THIES J, et al.Biochar effects on soil biota-A review[J]. Soil biology and biochemistry,2011,43(9):1812-1836.