Table of Content

10 November 2022, Volume 61 Issue 21

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Breeding & Cultivation

Root characteristics and drought resistance identification of different cotton resources seedlings based on PEG stress

ZHANG Qing-hua, HAN Yong-liang, SUN Lu, LIU Hong-yao, GAO Cai-hong, TANG Guang-lei

2022, 61(21):  5-9.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.21.001

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In order to study the performance of root traits of cotton（Gossypium spp.）seedlings under drought stress, 17 cotton lines with different drought tolerance were bred by Handan Academy of Agricultural Sciences. The root characteristics of different cotton resources were compared by PEG6000 drought stress. The root image scanning and WinRHIZO software were used to analyze the root system. The relative growth rate of root length, relative growth rate of root surface area and relative growth rate of root average diameter of different varieties were compared. The drought resistance of the tested varieties was determined by variance analysis, multiple comparison and systematic clustering. The results showed that there were some differences in drought resistance of different cotton varieties under 15.0% PEG6000 stress. According to cluster analysis and drought resistance performance, cotton varieties could be divided into 3 categories： the first category was HL64; the second category included HL28, HL59, HL66, HL60;the third category was HL31,HL47,HL68,HL27,HL45,HL33,HL44,HL29,HL69,HL34,HL43, and HL42.

Experimental analysis of ramie agronomic traits and yield by different cultivation densities

XU Min, XIONG Wei, WANG Wei, WANG Hong-wu

2022, 61(21):  10-14.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.21.002

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In order to explore the effect of different planting densities on ramie （Boehmeria nivea L.）, Huazhu No.4 was transplanted at the density of 15 000, 10 000, 8 000, 6 000 and 4 000 plants/667 m² in 2018. The results showed that different densities had an effect on yield, but there was no regularity. The yield of second-age hemp was lower than that of third-age hemp, and the yield of first-age hemp was higher than that of second-age hemp. Through the investigation of different treatments, the missing rate of different densities gradually increased with time, and it was basically stable at 6.5 clumps/m² by 2020, and the density was stable at 4 000 clumps/667 m².

Analysis on the effect of high temperature damage on cotton boll abscission

XIANG Dao, YANG Ming-feng, ZHANG Ling, ZHANG Ming, WANG Xue-jiao

2022, 61(21):  15-19.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.21.003

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Through the high temperature simulation test in the artificial climate chamber, the effects of high temperature heat damage on the abscission of cotton（Gossypium spp.） leaves and buds and bolls were studied. The results showed that the leaves, buds and young bolls of cotton showed abnormal abscission after high temperature stress with different intensities and different durations. The longer the duration of high temperature and the higher the temperature, the higher the abscission rate of buds and bolls and the abscission rate of leaves （defoliation rate）. Compared with the control, under the high temperature of 35 ℃, the defoliation rate increased by 19.8,28.0 and 50.7 percentage points at 3,6 and 9 days after treatment, and the bud and boll shedding rate increased by 17.7,19.8 and 33.7 percentage points, respectively. At 38 ℃, the defoliation rate increased by 24.7,32.4 and 52.3 percentage points at 3,6 and 9 days after treatment, and the bud and boll shedding rate increased by 23.4,26.9 and 37.5 percentage points, respectively. Through the analysis of the climate diagnosis method of the highest temperature change rule in Shihezi reclamation area from 1964 to 2019, it was concluded that the high temperature of ≥ 35 ℃ in Shihezi reclamation area mainly occurred from June to August, the average number of high temperature days was 13.2 d, and the probability of high temperature for 3 consecutive days was 76.3%. It showed that the probability of high temperature heat damage in Shihezi reclamation area was high, which was one of the main meteorological disasters that restricted the high yield and high quality of cotton. Prevention should be strengthened in cotton production.

Resource & Environment

Evaluation of land ecological security in Yan'an City based on PSR model

ZHU Jing-rui, ZHANG Hua

2022, 61(21):  20-25.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.21.004

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Taking the 2009-2019 statistical yearbook data of Yan'an City as the data source, using the PSR model, a total of 31 factors were selected from the three levels of pressure, state and response to construct a land ecological security evaluation index system, and the entropy method was used to determine the weights of each index. Based on the land ecological security pressure index, state index, response index and comprehensive index, the dynamic change trend of land ecological security in Yan'an City from 2009 to 2019 was systematically evaluated, and a factor obstacle model was established to identify the main constraints on the ecological security of its land. The results showed that from 2009 to 2019, the land ecological security pressure index in Yan'an decreased from 0.314 6 to 0.128 9, a decrease of 59.03%, the status index rose from 0.049 2 to 0.235 7, an increase of 379.07%, and the response index rose from 0.034 0 to 0.177 8, an increase of 422.94%. From 2009 to 2019, the overall comprehensive index of land ecological security in Yan'an showed a fluctuating upward trend, rising from 0.397 8 to 0.542 4, an increase of 36.35%; according to the classification, the ecological security level of land in Yan'an City increased from less safe to safer. The amount of agricultural fertilizer application, raw coal production, and the number of cattle and sheep at the end of the year were the main limiting factors affecting the ecological security of land in Yan'an.

Temporal and spatial variation characteristics of vegetation coverage and net primary productivity in Yichang City from 2011 to 2020

ZHANG Li, CHENG Jin-xin, WAN Jun, LIU Jun, CHENG Qin

2022, 61(21):  26-31.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.21.005

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Based on remote sensing products of normalized difference vegetation index （NDVI） and net primary productivity （NPP） of terrestrial vegetation, the temporal and spatial variation characteristics and the interrelationship of vegetation coverage and net primary productivity in Yichang City,Hubei Province from 2011 to 2020 were analyzed. The results showed that the vegetation coverage was in good and stable status in Yichang City. The region was dominated by high vegetation coverage areas, and the vegetation coverage in the western mountainous area was higher than that in the eastern plain. The vegetation coverage increased during the study period, and the vegetation coverage in spring and summer was superior to that in autumn and winter. The NPP increased during the study period, and it in the western mountainous area was higher than that in the eastern plain. The annual amount of carbon fixation and oxygen release in the past ten years showed a steady growth trend, and that in the western mountainous area was higher than that in the eastern plain, which was related to land cover types and human activities. There was a highly significant positive correlation（P<0.01） between vegetation coverage and NPP in the study area, and the correlation coefficient between the two reached 0.91. The interannual variation of NPP in regions with different vegetation coverage levels was different, and the NPP in high vegetation coverage areas varied the most significantly, indicating that high vegetation coverage areas had a very important impact on regional productivity.

Spatial-temporal variation of NDVI in vegetation growing season and its response to climate factors in Zhejiang Province from 2005 to 2018

YU Meng-chen, LI Ying, LI Yue-fen

2022, 61(21):  32-38.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.21.006

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Based on MODIS MOD 13Q1 data, the spatial and temporal dynamics of normalized difference vegetation index （NDVI） and its relationship with climate factors during the growing season in Zhejiang Province from 2005 to 2018 were explored through trend analysis and correlation analysis. The results showed that the vegetation coverage in the study area was relatively good from 2005 to 2018, and the areas with high vegetation coverage were mostly in mountainous areas. The multi-year average NDVI in Zhejiang growing season was 0.654 1. The interannual variation of NDVI in the growing season showed an extremely significant increase（P<0.01）, with an average annual growth rate of 0.001 6, and the area of the study area with a significant increase of NDVI reached 23.1%（P<0.05）. The vegetation cover of the whole province was stable, and the area of low fluctuation（CV≤0.05） and relatively low fluctuation（0.05<CV≤0.10） reached 85.8%. The results of correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis showed that air temperature was significantly positively correlated with NDVI（P<0.01） in the growing period, which was the main influencing factor, and the response of vegetation to temperature and precipitation was more sensitive in the middle growing period.

Spatio-temporal characteristics and meteorological influencing factors of MAIAC AOD and PM2.5 in Zigong City

WANG Ling-ling, CHEN Ting, ZOU Chang-wu, LUO Wei

2022, 61(21):  39-44.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.21.007

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In order to study the characteristics of air pollution in Zigong City and its relationship with meteorological conditions, the spatial and temporal characteristics were investigated based on the daily air quality monitoring data at state control stations from 2014 to 2019 and the aerosol optical depth （AOD） extracted from the secondary product data MCD19A2 of MODIS. And correlations between temperature, atmospheric pressure, wind speed, direction, rainfall, relative humidity and PM2.5 concentration[ρ （PM2.5）] were analyzed. The results showed that ρ （PM2.5） in Zigong City was high in spring, autumn and winter, and low in summer; the maximum periods of monthly scale ρ （PM2.5） were mainly in January, February and December, ρ （PM2.5） was high in Da̕an and High-tech Zone with high gross industrial products, frequent transportation, dense population and affected by the transmission of upwind pollution sources. The annual average large value of AOD was mainly in the southeast of the central part of the study area. Aerosol pollution was relatively serious all areas in 2014, most areas in 2017, and in the east-central part in 2015, the pollution was lighter in 2016, and the pollution was significant improve in 2018 and 2019. The ρ （PM2.5） showed a high negative correlation with rainfall, wind speed in spring, autumn and winter, and relative humidity in summer, and ρ （PM2.5） increased as the temperature increased and the air pressure decreased in spring, summer and winter. The wind direction in the non-summer season was mainly northeast, whilst the ρ （PM2.5） exceeding the standard mostly happened under northeast and southeast wind, indicating that the input of the upper wind pollution source would make ρ （PM2.5） exceed the standard.

Changes of landscape pattern and its driving forces based on GIS in Taocheng District,Hengshui City

DONG Yu-hong, WU Da-yong, WANG Yue, SUN Shi-wei

2022, 61(21):  45-49.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.21.008

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Taking Taocheng District, Hengshui City, Hebei Province as the study area, 91 Satellite Map Assistant was used to download the historical image data of GoogleEarth in 2014, 2017 and 2020, and the time points with clear imaging and less cloudiness were selected. Then the landscape pattern types in 2014, 2017 and 2020 were interpreted on the ArcGIS 10.3 platform. The landscape pattern indexes were calculated and analyzed by using Fragstas 4.2 software to study the temporal and spatial characteristics and the driving force of landscape pattern change in the study area. The results showed that, from 2014 to 2020, the construction land grew rapidly, and the farmland area showed a downward trend. From the analysis of the driving force of the landscape pattern, the influence of natural factors on the landscape pattern within a short span was very small. The rapid urbanization of Taocheng District had brought about rapid population growth, and the contradiction between man and land had become more prominent, which was also the main driving force that the increase in construction land was mainly due to the conversion of farmland. With the creation of high quality tourism development plans and forest cities, the landscape composition of waters and green land in Taocheng District had increased.

Study on soil nutrient status of orchard in Shandong Province

GAO Lu-yang, MA Zhi-ming, FANG Fu-li, WU Liang

2022, 61(21):  50-56.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.21.009

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In order to know the soil nutrient status of the major orchards in Shandong Province, 248 representative orchards were selected to collect soil samples from 2018 to 2019, and soil pH, organic matter, large elements, medium elements and trace elements were quantitatively analyzed. The results showed that the pH of orchard soil in Shandong Province varied from 4.08 to 8.89, with an average of 6.29, and the whole orchard soil was acidic. The content of organic matter was extremely poor, 58.34% of the orchard was generally less than 10 g/kg. 47.92% of orchard soil was deficient in nitrogen, and the content of available phosphorus and available potassium in all orchards was abundant. The contents of medium elements calcium, magnesium and trace elements iron, manganese and zinc were in a state of coexistence of abundantce and deficiency. The content of available copper was rich, while the average content of available boron was only 0.48 mg/kg, and 55.89% of the orchard soil was seriously deficient. The main limiting factors of orchard soil in Shandong Province were soil partial acidification, lack of organic matter and insufficient content of available zinc and boron. Therefore, quicklime, biochar and other substances could be applied in production, and organic fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer, straw returning and humic acid fertilizer application should be emphasized to improve soil pH and organic matter, and the method of foliar spraying iron, manganese, zinc and boron fertilizer could be applied to ensure the demand of fruit trees for trace elements.

Study on distribution characteristics and occurrence form of soil fluorine in sorghum base of Renhuai City

PAN Zi-ping, SHAO Mao-yan, HUANG Xu-bin, CHEN Ting, XIA Wei

2022, 61(21):  57-61.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.21.010

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In order to find out the effects of soil fluorine on ecological environment and crop safety in the sorghum cultivation base of Renhuai City, Guizhou Province, the content and the occurrence form of soil fluorine and its influencing factors of Maoba Town were investigated and studied. The results showed that the total fluorine content in sorghum base soil ranged from 668.60 to 2 596.80 mg/kg, with an average of 1 483.25 mg/kg, which was 3.10 times and 1.85 times of the national soil background value and the average value of the soil in endemic areas. The spatial distribution of fluorine in the soil of the study area was uneven, and the fluorine content was in the order of Anliang Village> Yangliu Village> Houba Village> Xiongfeng Village. The soil fluorine contents of various forms varied greatly, and the distribution law was as follows： residual state> water soluble state > organic bound state > exchangeable state > Fe-Mn oxidation state. The residual fluorine content was the highest, accounting for more than 99% of total fluorine content, while the sum of the other four forms was less than 1%, with their respective proportions ranging from 0.10% to 0.30%. The content and proportion of available fluorine in water soluble and exchangeable states were relatively low, which had limited influence on the surrounding water environment and crop safety. The physicochemical properties of soil, such as pH, organic matter, cation exchange capacity and clay particles had a certain influence on the occurrence form of soil fluorine, thus changing the availability and migration of soil fluorine, which might endanger the ecological environment safety, food safety and human health.

Effects of controlled-release mixed fertilizer on ammonia volatilization and fertilizer nutrient recovery rate of double maize cropping system

XU Xiang-yu, ZHOU Jian-xiong, YU Da-zhao, XIANG Li-bo, YUAN Jia-fu, ZHENG Lei, ZHANG Qiang

2022, 61(21):  62-66.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.21.011

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In order to reduce ammonia volatilization and improve nutrient utilization efficiency, the experiment was conducted to study the effects of controlled-release mixed fertilizer on ammonia volatilization and nutrient utilization efficiency by setting conventional fertilization treatments （simple matter fertilizer and compound fertilizer） and controlled-release mixed fertilizer treatments （20% less nitrogen than conventional fertilization, 50%, 70% and 100% controlled-release urea）, with “grain maize in spring-silage corn in autumn” as planting system and no fertilization as control. The results showed that the yield of grain maize and silage corn under all fertilization treatments was significantly higher than that of the control treatment, and there were no significant differences in the yield of grain maize and silage corn among different fertilization treatments. Ammonia volatilization occured mainly within 30 days after fertilization in grain maize season and within 15 days after fertilization in silage corn season. The peak of ammonia volatilization in silage corn season was significantly higher than that of grain maize season. The ammonia volatilization of compound fertilizer was lower than that of simple fertilizer; there was no obvious difference among different treatments of the controlled-release mixed fertilizer, and the ammonia volatilization was lowest in CF3 treatment. The nitrogen recovery rates of grain maize from high to low were CF1, CF3, CF2, CG2 and CG1. Considering the yield, ammonia volatilization, nitrogen recovery rate and cost, the suitable fertilization ratio was N, P₂O₅, K₂O of 168,105,150 kg/hm², and controlled-release urea accounting for 50% in the “grain maize in spring-silage corn in autumn” system in Jianghan Plain.

Plant Protection

Effect of surface acid groups of activated carbon on paraquat adsorption

FAN Kai-xuan, JIANG Shuai, LI Meng-zhi, Li Tian-tian, HAO Pan-pan, YAN Xiang, YANG Chun-jin

2022, 61(21):  67-72.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.21.012

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Coal-based activated carbon was modified by nitric acid. The changes of surface groups and texture of activated carbon before and after modification and its adsorption effect on paraquat were investigated. The kinetic and thermodynamic tests were carried out with GAC-6 as the research object. The activated carbon was characterized by Boehm titration and liquid nitrogen adsorption, and the thermodynamic and kinetic models were fitted. The results show that nitric acid modified activated carbon has a great influence on surface functional groups. With the extension of oxidation time, the adsorption of GAC series activated carbon is mainly affected by acidic functional groups, and mesopores also have an effect. Modification can improve the adsorption of paraquat, and the adsorption process conforms to the quasi-second-order kinetic model. Compared with the Langmuir isotherm model, the Freundlich adsorption isotherm model can better describe the adsorption process of paraquat by activated carbon. The Dubbininin-Redushkevuch model is fitted to prove that the adsorption process is a physical process. The Van't Hoff model fitting, indicated that the adsorption of paraquat by coal-based activated carbon is an endothermic process.

Study on the optimum extraction process optimization and insecticidal and antibacterial activity of total flavonoids in Cnidium monnieri

WU Yong-ling, WEI Jing, MENG Yin-feng, LI Jun-wei

2022, 61(21):  73-78.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.21.013

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The extraction conditions of total flavonoids from Cnidium monnieri （L.） Cuss.were optimized by extraction method combined with single factor and response surface method, and the insecticidal and antibacterial activities were tested. The results showed that the optimum extraction conditions were as follows： The Cnidium monnieri powder 10 g, the concentration of ethanol was 64%, the extraction time was 23 min, the solvent volume was 85 mL, and the measured yield of flavonoids was 7.83%. In the insecticidal activity test, the 48 h corrected mortality of 1.0 mg/mL Cnidium monnieri extract against Hyalopterus amygdali and Tetranychina harti was greater than 50%, and the corrected mortality of the two test insects was significantly different, with LC₅₀ of 0.041 and 0.086 mg/mL, respectively. The antibacterial activity showed that the extract of Cnidium monnieri had the best inhibitory activity against Botrytis cinerea, and the EC₅₀ was 21.29 mg/L. It also had strong antibacterial activity against Valsa mali and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum.

Study on the prevention and control of taro soft rot by biochar environment combined with biocontrol bacteria Bacillus amyloliquefaciens P4

WANG Ying-le, LI Yong-lin, LIANG Xue, HUANG Shu-fen, ZHANG Lian-hui, LIAO Li-sheng, ZHOU Xiao-fan

2022, 61(21):  79-85.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.21.014

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In order to explore the biological control resources of taro soft rot, the antagonistic effect of biochar environment and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens on the pathogen of taro soft rot （Dickeya fangzhongdai） and the biological control effect were discussed. A strain P4 antagonistic to Dickeya fangzhongdai ZXC1 was screened from healthy taro plants by plate confrontation method and classified and identified. The antagonistic effect of biocontrol bacteria was verified by competitive culture. Using the confrontation plate method, whether biochar could promote the secretion of antagonistic substances by biocontrol bacteria was determined according to the size of inhibition zone; the counting statistics method was used to determine the number of pathogenic bacteria and antagonistic bacteria in different concentrations of biochar environment. Pot experiments were carried out under different biochar contents to analyze the changes in the number of pathogenic bacteria of Dickeya fangzhongdai under biochar environment and biocontrol bacteria, and the incidence of taro was counted. The results showed that P4 strain had a good inhibitory effect on the pathogen of Dickeya fangzhongdai. Appropriate amount of biochar could enhance the control effect of biocontrol bacteria on soft rot of taro, and could directly inhibit the pathogenicity of pathogenic bacteria; the effect of biochar directly stimulating biocontrol bacteria to enhance their secretion of antagonistic substances was very weak. The number of biocontrol bacteria and pathogens increased with the increase of biochar concentration. P4 strain could be used as biocontrol bacteria of taro soft rot. Adding an appropriate amount of biochar could promote the growth and reproduction of biocontrol bacteria in soil to occupy a good ecological niche, enhance the biocontrol effect of biocontrol bacteria on taro soft rot, and only adding biochar could also inhibit the pathogenic bacteria.

Horticulture & Local Products

Effects of mechanical tillage patterns on dry matter and nutrient accumulation of sugarcane

WEI Jian-feng, ZHANG Ling, WEI Dong-ping, HU Gui-juan, NIE Xuan, WU Xuan-ke, WU Jia-min, ZHAO Xiao-yu, JIA Yong-chao

2022, 61(21):  86-89.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.21.015

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In order to promote efficient sugarcane production, the accumulation and distribution of dry matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in sugarcane were studied for high-yield cultivation by subsoiling, deep ploughing and rotary tillage. The results showed that, the dry matter accumulation of stake and total dry matter accumulation in two crops were as follows subsoiling>deep ploughing>rotary tillage, and there were significant differences between subsoiling and rotary tillage. The total accumulation of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in plant cane under subsoiling increased by 6.41%~16.45%, 6.38%~26.02% and 7.77%~20.92%, respectively compared with other tillage patterns, and increased by 5.23%~19.51%, 6.92%~19.63% and 4.23%~10.40% in the first ratoon, respectively. The total accumulation of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in two crops under deep ploughing was higher than that under rotary tillage. There were significant differences in the distribution of dry matter and nutrients in roots. Therefore, the biomass and nutrient uptake of sugarcane under subsoiling were higher.

Analysis on fruit characteristics of strawberry under different light and temperature conditions

ZHANG Yan-yan, ZHAO Wei, SHI Ming-hua, ZHOU Peng, YIN Li-hong

2022, 61(21):  90-94.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.21.016

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Based on the observation data of temperature and sunshine hours during the growth period of the strawberry, the correlation between fresh weight, fruit shape index, fruit hardness and soluble solids content of strawberry and daily average temperature, daily average maximum temperature, average temperature difference between day and night, average daily minimum temperature, and sunshine hours was analyzed by partial least square regression analysis and linear regression analysis was carried out. The results showed that daily average temperature, daily average maximum temperature, average temperature difference between day and night, accumulated temperature and sunshine hours were important factors affecting strawberry fruit fresh weight, fruit shape index, fruit hardness and soluble solids content, and daily average minimum temperature was not an important factor. The daily average temperature, daily average maximum temperature and daily average temperature difference between day and night were negatively correlated with strawberry fruit fresh weight, fruit shape index, fruit hardness and soluble solids content. The relationship between sunshine hours and fruit fresh weight and fruit hardness was polynomial. Higher temperature and longer sunshine hours accelerated the growth rate of strawberry transverse meridians and reached the maximum earlier. The simulation effect was good when the partial least squares regression model was used to simulate the fresh weight, fruit shape index, fruit hardness and soluble solids content of strawberry fruit. The simulation result of fruit shape index was the best, and NRMSE was only 0.03%.

Analysis on fruit quality of Passiflora edulis Sims with different planting years

TENG Zheng, YANG Cui-feng, LIN You-lin, ZHANG Li

2022, 61(21):  95-97.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.21.017

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Taking Tainong No.1 passion fruit（Passiflora edulis Sims） as the material, the fruit quality of passion fruit with different planting years and different maturities was analyzed by measuring individual fruit weight, soluble solids, titratable acid, vitamin C, fructose and other indicators. The results showed that the quality of the newly planted passion fruit was better than that of the 2-year-old passion fruit. The results of the study provided a theoretical basis for the establishment of scientific and reasonable cultivation and management techniques for passion fruit with different planting years, which had important practical significance for improving the yield, quality and economic benefits of passion fruit.

The effects of different fertilizer treatments on citrus Ehima No.28 fruit quality

LI Hong-chang, LIAO Wen-yue, YANG Yang, SHEN Dan-dan, XIANG Shou-hong, YAN Hua-jie, LU Meng-ling, TONG Yue, PENG Jin-bo, ZHU Hong

2022, 61(21):  98-100.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.21.018

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Aiming at the problem of quality improvement of Ehima No. 28 hybrid citrus in high-quality cultivation, the effects of different fertilization treatments on fruit quality were studied. Two-year experiment results showed that the combination of compound fertilizer and organic fertilizer could effectively improve the Ehima No.28 fruit quality. Compared with the control, the application of 1 kg per plant potassium sulphate compound fertilizer （51%, N-P-K=17-17-17） and 2 kg per plant organic biological bacterial fertilizer showed that the soluble solids content significantly increased by 5.0%, the content of titratable acid significantly decreased by 22.1%, and the solid acid ratio of fruit juice raised to 20.0 that was significantly increased by 34.2%, while the single fruit weight significantly increased by 36.5%. The application of 1 kg per plant nitrate sulfur based compound fertilizers （44%, N-P-K=16-6-22） and 2 kg per plant organic biological bacterial fertilizer showed that the content of titratable acid significantly decreased by 18.2%, the solid acid ratio was raised to 18.6 that was significantly increased by 21.6%, however, there was no significant difference in single fruit weight. The two mixed collocation formulas could provide reference for scientific fertilization in field management, as well as improve the quality of Ehima No.28.

Effects of different root controlling methods on hemisphere modeling of Ulmus pumila ‘Jinye'

WANG De-fang, LI Xia, SHI Jin-chao, ZHENG Zhi-yong, LIU Zhen

2022, 61(21):  101-104.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.21.019

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Based on the reality in Beijing City, semi-finished products of Ulmus pumila ‘Jinye' in hemisphere modeling were selected as seedlings, with no container routinely plant model for control （CK）, a total of 6 container control root cultivation processes were set up, and the effects of different controlling methods on the quality of the seedling root were compared and analyzed. Seedling cultivation method of medium specification modelling was screened to provide feasible solution for the mass production of characteristic nursery stock and the creation of exquisite gardens. The results showed that in the D50 cm × H60 cm slender shape root control device in processing Ⅴ, high-quality seedlings in transplanting containers could be cultivated by 1.6 a partial root control and modeling. Then the modeling seedlings with the full crown were applied to the gardens and greenbelts to show the modeling effect immediately. When planting for 1 a after out of nursery, the planting survival rate, seedling ground diameter and leaf coverage index were the largest and the landscape beautification effect in hemisphere modeling was the best.

The dwarfing effect of Uniconazole（S₃₃₀₇） on lily

DUAN Feng, WU Shen-zhong, LUAN Xin, LIU Ya-hui, CAI Ming-fu, HE Yan-hong

2022, 61(21):  105-110.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.21.020

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To determine the dwarfing effect of Uniconazole （S₃₃₀₇） on lily, the Oriental hybrids Sorbon was selected as the material, and different concentrations of 5% S₃₃₀₇ wettable powder were used to investigate the effect of S₃₃₀₇ on the growth and development of lily by means of soil application, foliar spraying and seed bulb soaking. Then the dwarfing effect of S₃₃₀₇ on ten lily varieties was observed by using the best treatment method and the best concentration. The results showed that both soil application and foliar spraying of S₃₃₀₇ could effectively reduce the plant height of lily without significant impact on its flowering characteristics, and soil application treatment with 80 mg/L 5% S₃₃₀₇ wettable powder was the best one. Seed bulb soaking had no significant dwarfing effects. Soil application treatment with 80mg/L 5% S₃₃₀₇ wettable powder significantly reduced the plant height of ten lily cultivars, among which the flower quality of Yellow diamond and Sunset were also significantly reduced.

The practice of green and efficient cultivation techniques of Proecox proecox shoots in Xianning City

YANG Shuo, SHI Shi-sheng, LIU Zhi-xin, XIA Wen-juan, ZHENG Li, QIU Shou-zhe, HU Jiang-long, XU Sheng-wu

2022, 61(21):  111-114.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.21.021

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Xianning was known as the “hometown of bamboo”. However, due to the single variety of bamboo shoots, low output per unit area, centralized supply period and other factors, the bamboo shoots industry in Xianning developed slowly. The author conducted research, tracking guidance and technical support on the base of Phyllostachys proecox, which was successfully introduced and cultivated in Xianning, a set of introduction and construction garden and supporting cultivation techniques for Phyllostachys proecox was gradually explored, which was suitable for the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Through years of practice, the average output of Phyllostachys proecox shoot forest under large-scale operation can reached about 2 000 kg per 667 m², effectively improving the economic benefits of bamboo forest operators and greatly promoting the development of bamboo shoot industry.

Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

Advances in biological breeding of pigs

LI Yue-ming, BI Yan-zhen

2022, 61(21):  115-119.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.21.022

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As an efficient biotechnology, gene editing technology is widely used in modern swine breeding.The development of pig biological breeding technology and its application in pig breeding were summarized, and the development trend of pig biological breeding was prospected, in order to provide reference for the in-depth study of pig breeding.

Effect of different ways of insemination and effective sperm quantity on pregnancy rate of Jilin horse during estrus

LIU Xiao-hui, TAN Cheng-cheng, ZHANG Peng-ju, WANG Wei-xia, PU Qing-lin, LI Xin-tao, LANG Hong-yan

2022, 61(21):  120-123.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.21.023

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In order to study the effect of effective sperm quantity on the pregnancy rate of Jilin mares during estrus, 300 healthy Jilin mares with the normal estrus cycle were selected for the experiment in 2018—2020. Jilin mares were inseminated by conventional insemination of uterine body, insemination in deep uterine horn and different effective sperm quantity. The results showed that when the number of effective sperms was more than 2×10⁸ with conventional insemination of uterine body or the number of effective sperms was more 0.5×10⁸ with deep uterine horn insemination, the conception rate of Jilin mares in estrus could reach more than 60.00%. The average conception rate in estrus of Jilin mares with deep uterine horn insemination was 69.80%, and that of Jilin mares with conventional uterine body insemination was 45.78%, the difference was very significant （P<0.01）. It indicated that deep uterine horn insemination could significantly improve the conception rate of Jilin mare during estrus, significantly reduce the number of effective sperms per insemination, and improve the utilization efficiency of male semen.

Storage & Processing

Preservation effects of different freezing techniques on sweet cherry

XUE Ming-ke, LIANG Wen

2022, 61(21):  124-129.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.21.024

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Sweet cherries are perishable and short in production season, which limits the supply time in the market. In order to develop the new preservation technologies to extend the shelf life and maintain the physical and nutritional properties of sweet cherries, fresh Rainier sweet cherries were used as the material, three different freezing technologies （isochoric freezing, isobaric freezing and rapid freezing） were used for post-harvest processing and preservation, and the color, texture, structure, ascorbic acid, total soluble phenolic compound content and antioxidant activity were compared with those of fresh cherries. It was finally concluded that Rainier cherries in the -3 ℃ isochoric freezing system could retain the cherry texture, ascorbic acid content, total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity to the maximum extent, and reduce drip loss. The firmness and cell water holding capacity of cherries after isochoric freezing were higher than those of the other two freezing methods. Three freezing methods could lead to a translucent appearance of the cherries, but the color of the cherries after isochoric freezing was most similar to that of fresh cherries. Therefore, isochoric freezing could better preserve fresh sweet cherries, and the preservation effect was better than rapid freezing and isobaric freezing technology.

Purification and activity determination of flavonoids from corncob by ultrasonic-assisted deep eutectic solvent extraction

LI Li, YANG Jing-qi, YU De-han, QU Nan, XU Zhe, SUN Yue

2022, 61(21):  130-135.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.21.025

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In order to obtain the best purification conditions of total flavonoids from corncob extracted by ultrasonic-assisted deep eutectic solvent and determine the activity of purified flavonoids,the macroporous resins were screened and the purification process was optimized. The antioxidant activity of corncob flavonoids before and after purification was evaluated by the removing ability of 1,1-diphenyl-2-trinitrophenylhydrazine radical （DPPH） and 2,2-diazo-bis （3-ethyl-benzothiazole-6-sulfonic acid） diammonium salt radical （ABTS）. In addition,the antibacterial activity of flavonoids was determined by inhibiting the growth of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis in vitro. An experiment was used to determine hypoglycemic activity through the inhibition of α- amylase activity. The results showed that XAD-2 macroporous resin was suitable for purifying corncob flavonoids. The best conditions were the concentration of 1.00 mg/mL and pH of 4.0,the adsorption was carried out at a loading flow rate of 15 mL/h. After the adsorption was completed, the resin was eluted with 70 mL of 70% ethanol at a flow rate of 60 mL/h. Under this condition, the corncob flavonoids could be purified 2.65 times. Flavonoids from corncob had a stronger cleaning ability for DPPH· and ABTS· stronger after purification, but weaker than VC. The antibacterial activity of purified flavonoids was enhanced, and the order of antibacterial intensity was Staphylococcus aureus > Escherichia coli > Bacillus subtilis. The flavonoids of corncob showed hypoglycemic activity, and the hypoglycemic ability of its purified product was equivalent to acarbose. It could be seen that the corncob flavonoids extracted by ultrasonic assisted deep eutectic solvent had antioxidant, antibacterial and hypoglycemic activities, and XAD-2 macroporous resin was better in purifying flavonoids from corncob.

Screening of drying characteristic parameters of fresh tobacco leaves during curing

LI Jing-hao, DUAN Wei-dong, MA Jun-tao, SUN Guang-wei, BAI Jin-ying, ZHOU Zhong-yu, SONG Zhao-peng, CHEN Zhen-guo

2022, 61(21):  136-141.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.21.026

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The drying characteristic parameters of fresh tobacco leaves affecting water loss rate during curing were screened to provide parameter guidance for constructing the water loss rate model based on quality of fresh tobacco leaves. Different parts of flue-cured tobacco varieties Yunyan 87, K326 and Ekao 2 in Enshi tobacco growing area of Hubei Province were used as experimental materials. Correlation analysis, multiple contribution diagnosis, stepwise regression analysis and dominance analysis were used to explore the relationship between fresh tobacco parameters and water loss rate during curing. The results showed that the parameters of fresh tobacco leaves and water loss rate varied greatly during curing, and the coefficients of variation were 5.98%~18.58% and 14.55%~24.33%,respectively. The simple correlation coefficient showed that correlation of the moisture content, leaf thickness, leaf length, leaf width, main vein diameter in the middle of the leaf, diameter of the main vein of the tip of the leaf, and diameter of the branch vein at the base of the leaf with the rate of water loss in some stages reached a significant level, but there were multiple collinearities among indexes of fresh tobacco. After the collinearities were eliminated by the stepwise regression method （regression equation passed significance test, P < 0.01）, the average contribution degree of each index to each stage of tobacco curing was calculated with the help of the dominance analysis method （DA）. Under the same baking conditions, the leaf thickness, leaf width, leaf base branch vein diameter, leaf tip main vein diameter and leaf middle main vein diameter of fresh tobacco leaves were selected as the key parameters of water loss characteristics during tobacco baking.

Detection Analysis

Study on fruit quality standard of Alpinia zerumbet

XIE Ze-bi, HONG Ying-wen, LIANG Zi-ning, LU Ying, LUO Min, WEI Li-cui

2022, 61(21):  142-146.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.21.027

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The quality standard of Alpinia zerumbet （Pers.） Burtt.et Smith was established. The content of volatile oil in the fruit of Alpinia zerumbet was determined by the volatile oil extractor. Different batches of Alpinia zerumbet were identified by character, microscopic identification and thin layer chromatography. The moisture, ash, extract, swelling degree and volatile oil of 11 batches of Alpinia zerumbet were determined by GC-MS. The results showed that the characteristics and microscopic characteristics of Alpinia zerumbet were strong. The separation degree of main spots identified by thin layer chromatography was clear; the water content of Alpinia zerumbet should not be higher than 15.0%, the total ash content should not be higher than 8.0%, the acid insoluble ash content should not be higher than 1.9%, the alcohol soluble extract should not be lower than 5.0%, the average swelling degree was 2.80, and the volatile oil content should not be less than 0.8%. The determination of volatile oil found that the relative content of β-pinene was the highest, followed by sabinene and eucalyptol. The method was simple and easy to operate, without interference, stable and reliable, good in reproducibility, and appropriate in the proposed scope, which was suitable for Alpinia zerumbet fruit quality control standards.

Rapid identification of camellia oil mixed with four vegetable oils

HUANG Geng-sheng, RUAN Mei, CHEN Xing-fa, BU Dan, MU Hong-tao

2022, 61(21):  147-151.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.21.028

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In order to identify the adulteration of camellia oil, the fluorescence scanning of camellia oil mixed with four other vegetable oils was carried out based on the Front surface fluorescence technology. Different camellia oil samples were prepared with 5%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% as the volume gradient, respectively. The first four principal components were used to establish the discrimination model of camellia oil adulteration. The results showed that there were significant differences in fluorescence characteristics between camellia oil and the other four vegetable oils. Under the excitation wavelength of 250~380 nm and the emission wavelength of 260~550 nm, the principal component analysis was carried out by Front surface fluorescence. The total contribution rate of the first four principal components was more than 85%. Through further analysis of Fisher discriminant analysis, the adulteration recognition rate of camellia oil was as high as 100%. This method could realize the qualitative and quantitative analysis of camellia oil, and had high sensitivity and fast characteristics.

Information Engineering

Dynamic grey forecast of forest resources in Jiangxi Province

YUAN Xue

2022, 61(21):  152-156.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.21.029

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Taking the five main forest resource index data of Jiangxi Province from 1998 to 2018, including forest land area, the total volume of standing trees, and forest coverage, as the time series, the gray theory prediction method was used to establish a dynamic prediction model. The results showed that the models established by gray forecasting had high accuracy and were all first-class models. The forest resources of Jiangxi Province would increase in the next 15 years. In 2028, the area of forest land in Jiangxi Province would be 10.91 million hm², the total volume of standing trees would be 741 million m³, and the forest coverage rate would be 65.27%. Predicting the future forest resources of Jiangxi Province could not only promote the sustainable development of forest resources, but also provide data support for the formulation of future forestry policies.

Design and implementation of meteorological disaster prevention and reduction service platform in Xinjiang

LIU Zhao-xu, ZHANG Yong-jun, MA Ya-wei

2022, 61(21):  157-162.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.21.030

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In order to enhance the ability of disaster prevention and reduction, Xinjiang meteorological disaster prevention and reduction service platform was developed. The platform was designed and developed with B/S architecture, which was mainly composed of meteorological integrated alarm system, product release system, disaster prevention and mitigation system, decision-making service system, etc. It realized the functions of early warning, comprehensive warning, issue of early warning, map making, disaster data management, disaster statistics and disaster prevention and reduction data set management of automatic station data in the provincial administrative region. The platform could meet the needs of meteorological disaster prevention and reduction services in Xinjiang, and provide technical support for users in early warning and disaster prevention and reduction.

Design and realization of service platform for farmland microclimate observation data in Jiangxi Province

ZHOU Xue-ying, LI Xian-feng, HU Li-li

2022, 61(21):  163-167.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.21.031

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In order to meet the needs of agrometeorological business development, and effectively improve the refinement level of meteorological services for “agriculture, rural areas and farmers”, on the basis of collecting and processing the observation data of farmland microclimate stations in Jiangxi Province,a service platform of farmland microclimate observation data was designed and developed by using WebGIS framework. The platform realized the unified display of geographic information superimposed by farmland observation data and station monitoring information. It had the function of data retrieval and export at any site and at any time, and the automatic alarm of missing site information was realized through WeChat and SMS platforms. Since the platform was put into operation, it has provided important support for the monitoring,management and data application services of farmland microclimate observation stations. At present, it has been popularized and applied in meteorological departments at the provincial, municipal and county levels.

Research on the method of Chinese chestnut grading based on deep learning

WANG Pei-fu, SUN Yi-dan, LU Zi-han, WANG Wei, CHEN Xiao-feng

2022, 61(21):  168-175.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.21.032

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The quality grading of Chinese chestnut had an important influence on the standardization and homogeneity of Chinese chestnut products. Accurate classification was helpful to the standardization of Chinese chestnut products and gave full play to the maximum value of each grade of Chinese chestnut. In view of the low efficiency and low accuracy of Chinese chestnut classification, which mostly depended on machines and manpower, this paper proposed to use the deep learning method to realize the automation and intelligence of Chinese chestnut classification. The classical convolutional neural network LeNet-5 model was improved by adding 5 layers of convolution layer and 2 layers of pooling layer to deepen the network, so as to extract chestnut features more accurately. At the same time, the input layer was modified to the image size of 256×256 color images. The activation function was improved to Leaky ReLu, and the Dropout algorithm was added to alleviate the over fitting phenomenon. Adam was used as the optimizer to optimize the network parameters. Comparing the improved LeNet-5 model with the original LeNet-5 model, AlexNet and VGG16 model, it was found that the improved LeNet-5 model had an average recognition accuracy of 99.68%, an accuracy of 99.34%, and a recall of 99.35% on the test set, which was superior to the other three models. It took only 0.19 seconds to recognize a sample. The improved LeNet-5 model could achieve a good classification of Chinese chestnuts and meet the needs of factories for automatic classification of Chinese chestnuts.

Deployment strategy of intelligent agricultural communication nodes based on moth-flame optimization algorithm and voronoi graph theory

CHANG Rui-li

2022, 61(21):  176-182.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.21.033

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In view of the deployment of large-scale intelligent agricultural sensor network communication nodes in three-dimensional space under the background of 5G, considering the problems of power consumption, high cost and disconnection of free node transmission mode, the communication nodes of intelligent agricultural communication were sent to three-dimensional space based on 5G technology. Based on the Voronoi （VD） design and considered moth-flame optimization algorithm, the deployment location of sensor network communication nodes was obtained by optimizing the relevant model. Firstly, the layered communication scheme was designed by using the large capacity of 5G bandwidth. Aiming at the disadvantages of MFO random population generation algorithm and directionless search, a guided search algorithm （VIMFO） based on 3D VD was designed. Finally, an efficient model was designed to obtain the communication nodes and distribution locations of the sensor network. The simulation results showed that compared with MFO algorithm, VIMFO algorithm could increase the speed by 37.89%, and improve the life cycle of communication network nodes under the principle of ensuring the connectivity of all intelligent agricultural communication network nodes.

Biological Engineering

RAPD analysis of intraspecial and interspecific genetic diversity in Rubus chingii Hu

CHEN Yi-quan, CHEN Zhen, JIANG Jing-yong, LIU Hao-zheng, TANG Yu-jie

2022, 61(21):  183-188.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.21.034

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Rubus chingii Hu, belongs to Rubus, Rosaceae. Its unripe fruit is used as medicine material, and its ripe fruit is rich in nutritions. Rubus chingii is a unique dual-function food with remarkable nutraceutical, pharmaceutical and economic values. It is urgent to develop molecular marker-assisted breeding and then comprehensively improve the quality of Rubus chingii fruit. Seventeen accessions of screened Rubus chingii seedlings with good traits and seven other Rubus plants, including Rubus corchorifolius,Rubus trianthus,Rubus parvifolius,Rubus lambertianus, Rubus tsangii, as well as Rubus fructicosus var. Hull and Rubus rosifolius var. coronarius, were used as materials, to select the optimal RAPD primers for intraspecial and interspecific genetic diversity analysis for Rubus chingii. The results showed 25 primers with products of clear bands and good repeatability could be used to identify the Rubus chingii seedlings and other Rubus plants. Furthermore, six primers could be applied for distinguishing different genotypes of Rubus chingii.

Comparison of the effects of four library construction methods for whole genome sequencing

YANG Man-man, CHEN Tao, SHEN Jun-ran, WANG Ran, LI Yong

2022, 61(21):  189-192.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.21.035

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Explore a library construction method more suitable for large-scale low-depth resequencing, which had important application value for livestock and poultry genome breeding, four different methods were used to construct the library, and the performance of manual and automated low-coverage data was compared. The results showed that the database based on MGIcare, PCRfree and TN5 digestion methods had similar data performance with the classical mechanical disruption method, and the operation process was simpler and faster. Automated database construction had better consistency than manual sequencing data. Using these methods, 3 million to 7 million SNPs （corresponding to sequencing depth 0.5×-1×） can be obtained.

Economy & Management

Study on the green production technology efficiency measurement and its spatial-temporal difference of grain in Hubei Province from the perspective of carbon emission constraints

ZHAO Li-ping, LI Xin-cheng, HOU De-lin

2022, 61(21):  193-200.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.21.036

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Using the directional distance function, and taking the carbon emissions from grain production as the non-desirable outputs, the green technical efficiency of grain production of 17 cities（prefectures） in Hubei Province from 1998 to 2017 was calculated. On this basis, the carbon emissions from grain production and the redundancy rate of input in grain production were analyzed and compared. The results showed that,from the view point of time, the green technical efficiency of grain production in Hubei Province was relatively high, but the total carbon emissions and input redundancy of grain production in Hubei Province fluctuated during the inspection period. From the view point of space, the difference of carbon emissions was obvious among cities（prefectures） in Hubei Province, Xiangyang City was the highest and Shennongjia Forestry District was the lowest. The areas where the input factors generate input redundancy were concentrated in six cities, such as Ezhou City and Huangshi City. In order to promote the green production of grain, it was necessary to establish the mechanism of rewards, punishments and compensations for grain production, strengthen the training of green production knowledge for grain growers, and reinforce the docking of production and marketing of green grain products.

Research on net carbon emission estimation and carbon compensation of rural tourism from the perspective of environmental economy：A case study of Hongcun,Anhui Province

GUO Rong

2022, 61(21):  201-206.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.21.037

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Taking rural tourism travel as the topic, the CO₂ emission of rural tourism carbon sources from the perspective of carbon neutrality was discussed. Based on the theoretical system and estimation method of rural tourism carbon source and carbon sink, the estimation model and carbon compensation model of rural tourism net carbon emissions were constructed. Hongcun, Anhui Province was taken as the research object for example analysis, and the carbon emissions and carbon absorption of Hongcun in 2020 were analyzed and counted. Based on the carbon emission calculation results, effective carbon reduction suggestions were put forward. The results showed that the net carbon emission of Hongcun in 2020 was 646.29 t. Among them, the internal traffic of Hongcun scenic area was the main carbon source emission, with the carbon emission of 1 556.35 t. At the same time, the energy consumption of local residents and solid waste treatment were also the main sources of carbon emissions, which were 970.78 t and 827.02 t respectively. The carbon source absorption of Hongcun scenic spot was mainly forest land, and the carbon absorption of all forest land in the scenic spot was 2 468.34 t. Comparing the carbon emission and carbon absorption of the scenic spot, it could be seen that the carbon emission of the scenic spot was obviously high, and necessary environmental transformation measures needed to be taken to deal with the impact of carbon emission on the environment.

Research on the driving factors of domestic water consumption in China from the perspective of family size

YU Xia-lei, MA Te-li

2022, 61(21):  207-211.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.21.038

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This research used the LMDI method to decompose the influencing factors of domestic water consumption changes into domestic water consumption intensity, the proportion of consumption in GDP, per capita GDP, household size and the number of households, and decompose the change in per capita domestic water consumption into domestic water consumption intensity and consumption in GDP Proportion and GDP per capita. It was found that domestic water consumption intensity and household size were the main and secondary factors inhibiting the increase of domestic water consumption. Per capita GDP and the number of households were the main and secondary factors that promotd the increase in domestic water consumption. The reduction and growth effected of the proportion of consumption in GDP simultaneously exist. Domestic consumption water intensity, per capita GDP, and the proportion of consumption in GDP had the same impact on per capita domestic water consumption as that of domestic water consumption. Therefore, it is necessary to implement high-quality development, form a water-saving lifestyle, improve water use efficiency,develop and implement life water-saving policies around family development,enhance the awareness of water saving, and establish an advanced quota system for domestic water.

Path and method of infrastructure engineering in agricultural modernization

ZHENG Hui-xiang

2022, 61(21):  212-216.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.21.039

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In the pace of agricultural modernization in China, the infrastructure construction had made steady progress, and had realized the integration of itself and multiple industries in the multi-level upheaval of the social giant system. The concept and connotation of agricultural infrastructure were discussed, and the concept and content of engineering were studied and analyzed. According to the scientific digital results, this paper evaluated the significance and necessity of the existing construction, studied and discussed the path implementation in the macro and micro directions, and studied the relevant contents of the engineering of agricultural infrastructure, in order to provide research materials for relevant public investment research, and provide reference for promoting the process of agricultural modernization.

Study on regional differences and influencing factors of agricultural non-point source pollution in Hunan Province

CHEN Su-qiong, LIU Zhong-min

2022, 61(21):  217-222.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.21.040

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Taking the agricultural non-point source pollution of 14 cities and prefectures in Hunan Province as the research object,the non-point source pollution survey and assessment method based on unit analysis was used to calculate the agricultural non-point source pollution of Hunan Province from 2005 to 2019, and its change trend, spatial difference and influencing factors were studied. The results showed that from 2005 to 2019, the total amount and emission intensity of COD, TN and TP pollution from agricultural non-point sources in Hunan Province showed a downward trend as a whole; the spatial differences of the total amount of COD, TN and TP pollution emissions from agricultural non-point sources in 14 cities and prefectures showed an upward trend. The spatial differences of COD and TP pollution emission intensity showed a trend of first increasing, then decreasing, and then increasing, and TN showed first increasing and then decreasing. There was an inverted “U-shaped” Kuznets Curve relationship between COD, TN and TP pollution emission intensity from agricultural non-point sources and agricultural economic growth in Hunan Province. In addition, the improvement of urbanization level, the reduction of the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides per unit area, and the increase in the proportion of agriculture and forestry could significantly reduce agricultural non-point source pollution.

The dilemma and optimization strategy of agricultural industry value chain in Jiangsu Province

MENG Qiu-tong

2022, 61(21):  223-227.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.21.041

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The agricultural industry value chain was introduced, and then the plight of the agricultural industry value chain was explored. The study found that the dilemma of the agricultural industry value chain was mainly manifested in the four links of production, processing, logistics and sales, which were characterized by decentralized business model, low production efficiency, single type of agricultural products, and lack of standardized production standard system and brand management awareness; the processing level of agricultural products was low, the processing system was not perfect, and the processing quality was low; the circulation efficiency and logistics organization level of agricultural products were low, and the logistics infrastructure needed to be improved; the sales channel was too long and the sales cost was high. Finally, the optimization strategy of the agricultural industry value chain was put forward according to the dilemma.

Research on multiple governance path of rural water environment pollution under the background of rural revitalization

FAN Cang-hai, TANG Guan-song

2022, 61(21):  228-233.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.21.042

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In view of the fact that the traditional government single governance model of rural water environment pollution in China cannot effectively improve governance efficiency and solve the problem of pollution, the current situation of rural water environment pollution and the characteristics of rural water environment treatment were analyzed. The study found that there were some problems in rural water environment pollution control, such as the deviation of government directly controlled water environment governance behavior, the lack of motivation for market participants to participate in water environment governance, and the limited participation of social forces in water environment governance. From the perspective of multiple stakeholders involved in rural water environment governance,it was proposed to establish a multi stakeholder governance model with the government as the leading role and the joint participation of market and society stakeholders as the path.

Research on the innovation of cultivation model of digital new professional farmers under the rural revitalization strategy

ZHAO Wan-li, ZHANG Yi

2022, 61(21):  234-239.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.21.043

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In order to study the new cultivation mode of digital new professional farmers under the rural revitalization strategy, the method of descriptive statistical analysis was used to explore the differences between traditional farmers and new professional farmers from the four directions of farmers' economy, education, science and technology and thought, and a comparative analysis was made with three typical cultivation modes of “Yangchen” mode, “Xinong” mode and “four in one” mode. The study found that the transformation from traditional farmers to new professional farmers was not only a change in identity, but also a change in social and economic status, scientific and technological level, ideological and cultural education and so on. The wide application of electronic technologies such as internet, big data and artificial intelligence had provided a new direction for the development of new professional farmers. Finally, the cultivation mode of “internet + classified diversification” was proposed, which could integrate available effective resources, and was committed to cultivating new professional farmers in all aspects and developing digital agriculture.

Suggestions on the development of agricultural products crowdfunding from the perspective of reward-based crowdfunding

QIN Hao-feng, KONG Ya-ru, XU Jiang

2022, 61(21):  240-243.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.21.044

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Based on the relationship between agricultural product crowdfunding and reward-based crowdfunding, this paper focused on the factors that affected the financing success of reward-based crowdfunding projects, and put forward positive suggestions from four aspects of agricultural products, project sponsors, investors, and crowdfunding platforms to promote the sustainable development of agricultural product crowdfunding. Specifically, the first was to improve the quality of agricultural products; second, improve the quality of project sponsors; third, make full use of investors' social networks and social capital; fourth, improve the functions of crowdfunding platforms.

Research on GDP spatialization of urban agglomeration on the northern slope of Tianshan Mountains based on NPP-VIIRS data

YU Feng-tian, GAO Min-hua

2022, 61(21):  244-251.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.21.045

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In order to meet the needs of spatial socio-economic data in the development of urban agglomerations, on the basis of analyzing and summarizing the spatial technical methods of socio-economic data, the urban agglomeration on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains was taken as the research object, the quantitative analysis was made on the night light data and GDP statistics of NPP-VIIRS in 2013 and 2019, and the spatial research was made on the regional GDP of 15 counties and cities. By analyzing the spatial correlation between the total output value, the first, second and third industry values, and the sum of the secondary and tertiary industry values of the urban agglomeration on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains and the light index extracted from the NPP-VIIRS night light data, the optimal light index was selected. Finally, the 500 m precision sub-industry GDP density map of the study area in 2013 and 2019 was simulated through the linear regression model. The results showed that there was a significant correlation between the two periods of night light data and the GDP of sub industry regions. The distribution of industrial output value of urban agglomeration was mainly concentrated in the main nodes of traffic lines between counties and cities, and the high-value areas were mainly concentrated in Urumqi, Changji, Shihezi and Karamay. The spatial distribution result of sub-industry GDP simulated by night light data was more credible,and the relative error between the simulation result and the statistical values was small, which could intuitively show the regional distribution difference of statistical data and the dynamic changes of regional economic development.

Analysis on the current situation and risk countermeasures of China's agricultural investment in Central Asia under the high-quality development background of the “Belt and Road Initiative”

YAN Xin, YOU Li-jie

2022, 61(21):  252-256.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.21.046

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Foreign investment in agriculture was an important part of the “Belt and Road Initiative”. The global spread of COVID-19 pneumonia had made the world's food supply and demand tenser. In order to better support and ensure the country's food security, Central Asia, which was closely adjacent to China's western border region and contains rich agricultural resources, was selected as the research object, the current situation of China's agricultural investment in Central Asia from the aspects of investment flow, investment stock, investment industry and the main ways of investment was analyzed, and then the existing problems of China's current agricultural investment in Central Asia were summarized. The study found that China's agricultural investment in Central Asia had risks, such as malicious distortion of investment image, cultural conflict between the two sides, backward agricultural infrastructure of the host country and access barriers. On this basis, some countermeasures and suggestions were put forward, such as strengthening risk assessment and perfecting the legal system, strengthening border infrastructure and port construction, eliminating investment barriers, and expanding new channels of agricultural investment and financing.