湖北农业科学 ›› 2018, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (16): 42-46.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.16.010

• 资源·环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同栽培模式对植烟土壤微生物与酶活性的影响

向必坤1, 谭军1, 上官力2, 赵秀云3, 施河丽1, 罗芳1   

  1. 1.湖北省烟草公司恩施州公司,湖北 恩施 445000;
    2.湖北省利川烟叶分公司,湖北 利川 445400
  • 收稿日期:2018-03-30 发布日期:2019-12-16
  • 通讯作者: 施河丽(1984-),女,重庆云阳人,农艺师,硕士,主要从事烟草栽培与微生物工程研究,(电话)13593640679(电子信箱)154518720@qq.com。
  • 作者简介:向必坤(1979-),男,湖北恩施人,农艺师,硕士,主要从事烟草栽培与土壤分析研究,(电话)13277569122(电子信箱)394763881@qq.com;
  • 基金资助:
    中国烟草总公司科技重点项目(110201402016)

Effects of Different Cultivation Patterns on Microorganisms and Enzyme in Tobacco Soil

XIANG Bi-kun1, TAN Jun1, SHANG Guan-Li2, ZHAO Xiu-yun3, SHI He-Li1, LUO Fang1   

  1. 1.Enshi Tobacco Company of Hubei Province,Enshi 445000,Hubei,China;
    2.Tobacco Research Institute of Lichuan in Hubei Province,Lichuan 445400,Hubei,China
  • Received:2018-03-30 Published:2019-12-16

摘要: 研究不同栽培模式对植烟土壤微生物与土壤酶的影响。结果表明,与化肥相比,施用有机肥促进了植烟土壤细菌的繁殖,抑制真菌生长和繁殖,促进了旺长期放线菌的生长及后期氨化细菌的繁殖。成熟期60%化肥基肥+10%有机肥基肥+30%化肥追肥(模式二)硝化细菌明显增长,较70%化肥基肥+30%化肥追肥(模式一)增加141.4%。施用有机肥使土壤脲酶活性稳定并维持较高水平,各时期磷酸酶活性均高于模式一。有机肥明显提高土壤蔗糖酶活性,栽后60 d较模式一增加375%。有机肥显著提高土壤过氧化氢酶活性。模式二土壤总酶活性稳定,各时期总酶活性均高于模式一,平均酶活性提高41.9%。表明有机肥有利于土壤有益菌群的繁殖,增强酶活性,促进营养物质的转化和吸收。

关键词: 栽培模式, 有机肥, 烟草, 土壤微生物, 土壤酶

Abstract: The effects of different cultivation patterns on microorganisms and enzyme in tobacco soil was studied. The results showed that compared with chemical fertilizer, organic fertilizer could improve reproduction of bacteria in tobacco soil, and inhibit growth and reproduction of fungi, improve growth of actinomycetes during fast growing period, and improve reproduction of ammonifying bacteria. At maturation period nitrifying bacteria in 60% fertilizer base fertilizer+10% organic fertilizer base fertilizer+30% fertilizer top fertilizer(second pattern) obviously increased and increased percentage of 141.4% than 70% fertilizer base fertilizer+30% fertilizer top fertilizer(first pattern). Organic fertilizer could stabilize activity of urease and keep high activity, activity of acid phosphatase was higher than first pattern during every period. Organic fertilizer obviously improved activity of invertase, increased percentage of 375% than first pattern at 60 days after transplant. Organic fertilizer could obviously improved activity of soil hydrogen peroxidase. Total enzyme activity of second pattern was stable and higher than first pattern during every growth period, average enzyme activity increased percentage of 41.9% than first pattern. This proved that organic fertilizer was good at reproduction of soil beneficial microorganism, increased enzyme activity, and improved conversion and absorption of nutrients.

Key words: cultivation pattern, organic fertilizer, tobacco, soil microorganisms, soil enzyme activity

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