关键词: 农作物, 种质资源普查, 地方品种, 新品种, 湖北省建始县

Abstract: In the third national general survey of crop germplasm resources, 254 crop germplasm resources including rice, corn and potato have been collected into the National Bank in Jianshi county of Hubei province. The changes of cultivated area and yield of main food crops, fruit trees, vegetables and cash crops in Jianshi county between 1956, 1981 and 2014 were analyzed. It was found that Jianshi county was rich in natural resources, and the local varieties of rice, wheat and rape reduced rapidly, and some local varieties even have nearly disappeared, but the other kinds of crops still preserved some local varieties and some minor crops were planted mainly with local varieties. The total planting area of food crops changed a little in these three investigations, and corn is the most important food crop in Jianshi all the time. The planting area of fruit trees and main cash crops increased rapidly, but the planting area of vegetables decreased seriously. 44 local resources were collected in the resource investigation. According to the abundant resources of Jianshi county, the weak agricultural infrastructure construction, and the low element of agricultural science and technology, some countermeasures were proposed, such as strengthening the protection and utilization of existing crop resources, accelerating the cultivation of new agricultural varieties and the extension and training of new technologies, strengthening agricultural technology service accelerating the construction of modern agricultural industrialization, increasing government support and propagation.

Key words: crops, germplasm resources investigation, local varieties, new varieties, Jianshi county in Hubei province