湖北农业科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (3): 60-65.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.03.011

• 资源·环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于TOPSIS模型的农村居民点布局优化研究——以山西农谷为例

白雪, 刘立文, 段永红, 徐立帅, 杨永胜   

  1. 山西农业大学资源环境学院,山西 太谷 030801
  • 收稿日期:2020-03-10 发布日期:2021-02-25
  • 通讯作者: 段永红,男,教授,博士,博士生导师,(电子信箱)yhduanpku@sina.com。
  • 作者简介:白雪(1994-),女,山西应县人,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为资源环境遥感,(电话)13994451994(电子信箱)2809276968@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    山西省高等学校哲学社会科学项目(2020W043);国家自然科学基金面上项目(41271507)

Study on layout optimization of rural residential area based on TOPSIS model:Taking Agricultural Valley in Shanxi as an example

BAI Xue, LIU Li-wen, DUAN Yong-hong, XU Li-shuai, YANG Yong-sheng   

  1. School of Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China
  • Received:2020-03-10 Published:2021-02-25

摘要: 科学划分农村居民点类型,制定相应优化策略,对农村居民点空间布局优化具有重要意义。以山西农谷为研究区,运用景观格局指数对农村居民点的规模、形状以及聚集度等空间特征进行分析;选取自然环境、生产生活和社会经济等3个方面共12个指标构建适宜性评价体系,使用均方差决策法和TOPSIS模型对农村居民点布局适宜性进行评价并提出相应的优化策略。结果显示,山西农谷农村居民点空间分布较分散,且主要分布于海拔900 m以下、坡度为2°~15°且东、西坡向的区域以及距耕地0.2 km、距城镇3.0 km、距水源1.5 km、距县级公路1.0 km、距农村道路0.3 km、距其他基础设施1.0 km的区域;农村居民点布局适宜性状况总体表现为一般适宜,其中最适宜、高度适宜、中度适宜、低度适宜和不适宜的斑块面积占比分别为0.02%、4.09%、49.20%、46.63%和0.05%;综合布局适宜性评价结果和山西农谷的总体规划提出了集聚发展型、存留提升型和搬迁拆并型3种优化策略。研究结果可运用到该区农村居民点的土地管理和总体规划建设中,同时可为同类型地区农村居民点布局优化提供参考。

关键词: 农村居民点, 布局优化, 适宜性评价, 景观格局指数, TOPSIS模型, 山西农谷

Abstract: It is of great significance to scientifically divide the types of rural residential areas and formulate corresponding optimization strategies for the optimization of spatial layout of rural residential areas in this area. Taking Agricultural Valley in Shanxi province as the research area, the spatial characteristics of rural residential area such as scale, shape and aggregation degree were analyzed by using landscape pattern index; 12 indexes including natural environment, production and life and social economy were selected to construct suitability evaluation system, and mean square error decision-making method and TOPSIS model were used to evaluate the suitability of rural residential area layout,and the corresponding optimization strategy were put forward. The results showed that the spatial distribution of rural residential areas of Agricultural Valley was scattered, and mainly distributed the area with atitude of below 900 m,slope of 2° to 15° and on east and west direction, and the area that was 2.0 km away from cultivated land, 3.0 km away from town, 1.5 km away from water source, 1.0 km away from county highway, 0.3 km away from rural road and 1.0 away from other infrastructure;The suitability of rural residential area layout was generally suitable, in which the most suitable, highly suitable, moderate suitable, low suitable and unsuitable areas accounted for 0.02%, 4.09%, 49.20%, 46.63% and 0.05% respectively; From aspects of the comprehensive evaluation results and the overall planning of Aagricultural Valley in Shanxi, three optimization strategies of relocation and merging were put forward, including the agglomeration development type, retention and upgrading type and moving type. The research results can be applied to the land management and overall planning construction of rural residential areas in this area, and can provide reference for the layout optimization of rural settlements in the same type of areas.

Key words: rural residential area, layout optimization, suitability evaluation, landscape pattern index, TOPSIS mode, Agricultural Valley in Shanxi

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