烟草甲和烟草粉螟的生物学特性及世代重叠形成的差异

doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2024.12.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以烟草甲（Lasioderma serricorne）和烟草粉螟（Ephestia elutella）的个体发育进程为切入点,根据烟草甲和烟草粉螟不同虫态及历期的量化数据建立世代重叠的数学模型,对烟草甲和烟草粉螟的主要生物学特性、世代重叠等进行分析。结果表明,烟草甲在第8、12、15、18、23天时幼虫头壳宽度发生明显变化,烟草粉螟在第5、10、14、23天时幼虫头壳宽度发生明显变化。在培养8~25 d时烟草甲幼虫的龄期较集中;在培养3~5 d时烟草粉螟幼虫的龄期较集中,在培养10~33 d时烟草粉螟幼虫在3~4个龄期均有分布。在相同温度和饲料条件下,不同种群密度的烟草甲成虫羽化时间较集中,为5~7 d,不同种群密度的烟草粉螟成虫羽化时间较分散,种群密度为360~400头/盒时,烟草甲、烟草粉螟羽化历期较其他组长且羽化峰值出现时间延后。烟草甲前4代卵量和卵覆盖时段都在增加,但没有出现重叠,从第5代开始出现虫卵重叠;烟草粉螟卵从第2代开始出现虫卵重叠。在烟草甲和烟草粉螟的综合防控中,应重点阻断烟草粉螟不同种群之间的交互渗透,避免因虫龄混杂或虫态交错而增加防治难度。

关键词: 烟草甲（Lasioderma serricorne）, 烟草粉螟（Ephestia elutella）, 生物学特性, 世代重叠

Abstract: Taking the individual development process of Lasioderma serricorne and Ephestia elutella as the starting point, a mathematical model of generational overlap was established based on quantitative data of different stages and durations of Lasioderma serricorne and Ephestia elutella. The main biological characteristics and generational overlap of Lasioderma serricorne and Ephestia elutella were analyzed. The results showed that the width of the larval head capsule of Lasioderma serricorne changed significantly on days 8, 12, 15, 18, and 23, while the width of the larval head capsule of Ephestia elutella changed significantly on days 5, 10, 14, and 23. At 8~25 days of cultivation, the instar of Lasioderma serricorne larvae was more concentrated;when cultured for 3~5 days, the instar of Ephestia elutella larvae was more concentrated, and when cultured for 10~33 days, Ephestia elutella larvae were distributed in all 3~4 instar stages.Under the same temperature and feed conditions, the emergence time of Lasioderma serricorne adults with different population densities was more concentrated, ranging from 5 to 7 days, while the emergence time of Ephestia elutella adults with different population densities was more dispersed. When the population density was between 360 and 400 indiriduals, the emergence time of Lasioderma serricorne and Ephestia elutella adults increased compared to other groups and the peak emergence time was delayed. The egg count and egg coverage period of the first four generations of Lasioderma serricorne had increased, but there was no overlap. Egg overlap occurred from the fifth generation onwards; Ephestia elutella eggs exhibited egg overlap starting from the second generation. In the comprehensive prevention and control of Lasioderma serricorne and Ephestia elutella, it was important to focus on blocking the interaction and infiltration between different populations of Ephestia elutella, in order to avoid increasing the difficulty of prevention and control due to mixed insect ages or staggered insect states.

Key words: Lasioderma serricorne, Ephestia elutella, biological characteristics, generational overlap

中图分类号:

S435.72

赵凡, 黄闫江, 李杨, 包珩言, 田斌, 牟毅. 烟草甲和烟草粉螟的生物学特性及世代重叠形成的差异[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2024, 63(12): 46-51.

ZHAO Fan, HUANG Yan-jiang, LI Yang, BAO Heng-yan, TIAN Bin, MOU Yi. The biological characteristics of Lasioderma serricorne and Ephestia elutella and the differences formed by generational overlap[J]. HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2024, 63(12): 46-51.

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