一次性施用缓控释氮钾肥对烟草生长的影响

doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.11.013

湖北农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 64 ›› Issue (11): 102-109.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.11.013

一次性施用缓控释氮钾肥对烟草生长的影响

赵阿娟¹, 区禧贤², 翟争光¹, 周世民¹, 薄纯斌¹, 龙大彬³, 李波⁴, 阮彬洲⁵, 段美珍¹

1. 湖南省烟草公司长沙市公司,长沙 410011;
2. 湖南农业大学资源学院/土壤肥料资源高效利用国家工程实验室,长沙 410128;
3. 湖南省烟草公司长沙市公司浏阳市分公司,湖南浏阳 410300;
4. 云南省烟草公司文山州公司,云南文山 663000;
5.湖南省烟草公司邵阳市公司,湖南邵阳 422000

收稿日期:2025-06-10 出版日期:2025-11-25 发布日期:2025-12-05
通讯作者: 段美珍（1979-）,男,湖南郴州人,农艺师,硕士,主要从事密集烤烟工艺与精准烘烤新技术新设备的研究,(电话)18173196918(电子信箱)80429431@qq.com。
作者简介:赵阿娟(1979-),女,湖南长沙人,农艺师,博士,主要从事烟草质量的研究工作,(电话)18900787736(电子信箱)1603579562@qq.com。
基金资助:
湖南省烟草公司长沙市公司科技项目(CS2023KJ03)

Effects of one-time application of slow-controlled-release nitrogen and potassium fertilizer on the growth of tobacco

ZHAO A-juan¹, OU Xi-xian², ZHAI Zheng-guang¹, ZHOU Shi-min¹, BO Chun-bin¹, LONG Da-bin³, LI Bo⁴, RUAN Bin-zhou⁵, DUAN Mei-zhen¹

1. Changsha Tobacco Company of Hunan Province, Changsha 410011, China;
2. National Engineering Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources/College of Resources, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;
3. Liuyang Branch, Changsha Tobacco Company of Hunan Province, Liuyang 410300, Hunan, China;
4. Yunnan Tobacco Company Wenshan Prefecture Company, Wenshan 663000, Yunnan, China;
5. Shaoyang Branch of Hunan Tobacco Company, Shaoyang 422000,Hunan,China

Received:2025-06-10 Published:2025-11-25 Online:2025-12-05

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为研究一次性施用缓控释氮钾肥对烟草生长的影响,在壤土和砂性土上设置3个养分投入相等的处理,分别为CF(常规施肥)、T1(缓控释氮钾肥)、T2(缓控释氮钾肥+提苗肥)。结果表明,T1和T2下,烟草的农艺性状与CF相比,无明显差异,烟草的光合作用也呈现出类似的结果。在成熟期,壤土中,T1与T2对烟草生物量的影响不显著。而在砂性土中,一次性施用缓控释氮钾肥则降低了烟草下部叶的生物量。与CF相比,T1和T2对烟草根系生长的影响不仅与常规施肥的效果相同,甚至还具有更好的效果,并且烟草氮、磷、钾的吸收与CF相当,从而保障了烟草的生长发育。在壤土中施用缓控释氮钾肥,减少肥料施用次数的同时,保障了烟草的生长发育,而在砂性土中,则应增加缓控释氮钾肥的施用量。综上所述,将多次施肥改为一次性施用缓控释氮钾肥,可以在节省烟农的劳动力和时间成本的同时,不影响烟草的正常生长,为简化烟草栽培提供了一定的参考。

关键词: 烟草, 缓控释氮钾肥, 壤土, 砂性土

Abstract: In order to study the effects of one-time fertilization of slow-controlled-release nitrogen and potassium fertilizer on tobacco growth, three treatments with equal nutrient inputs were set up in loam soil and sandy soil, respectively, which were CF(conventional fertilizer), T1(slow-controlled-release nitrogen and potassium fertilizer), and T2(slow-controlled-release nitrogen and potassium fertilizer + seedling-raising fertilizer). The results showed that, there was no obvious difference in the agronomic traits of tobacco in T1 and T2 compared with CF. The photosynthesis of tobacco had presented similar results. At the maturing stage, there was no significant difference in the biomass of tobacco among T1, T2 and CF in loam soil. However, in sandy soils, application of slow and controlled release nitrogen and potassium fertilizers reduced the biomass of lower leaves of tobacco. Though the frequency of fertilization reduced, T1 and T2 had showed the same or more positive impact on the root growth of tobacco compared with CF, which ensured the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by tobacco, and ultimately ensured the growth of tobacco. Overall, the application of slow and controlled release nitrogen and potassium fertilizers had ensured tobacco growth while reducing the frequency of fertilization in loam soil, but in sandy soil, the amount of application of slow and controlled release nitrogen and potassium fertilizers should be increased compared to CF. Changing multiple fertilization to one-time fertilization by using slow-release nitrogen and potassium fertilizer could save the labor and time cost for tobacco farmers, while ensuring the normal growth of tobacco. It suggested a simplified cultivation method for tobacco.

Key words: tobacco, slow-controlled-release nitrogen and potassium fertilizer, loam soil, sandy soil

中图分类号:

S572

赵阿娟, 区禧贤, 翟争光, 周世民, 薄纯斌, 龙大彬, 李波, 阮彬洲, 段美珍. 一次性施用缓控释氮钾肥对烟草生长的影响[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2025, 64(11): 102-109.

ZHAO A-juan, OU Xi-xian, ZHAI Zheng-guang, ZHOU Shi-min, BO Chun-bin, LONG Da-bin, LI Bo, RUAN Bin-zhou, DUAN Mei-zhen. Effects of one-time application of slow-controlled-release nitrogen and potassium fertilizer on the growth of tobacco[J]. HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2025, 64(11): 102-109.

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一次性施用缓控释氮钾肥对烟草生长的影响

Effects of one-time application of slow-controlled-release nitrogen and potassium fertilizer on the growth of tobacco

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