湖北农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 65 ›› Issue (1): 59-65.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2026.01.011

• 资源·环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

施氮量对山东省烟区雪茄烟光合生理及茄衣烟叶品质的影响

王苏皖1, 王以慧2, 范增博3, 彭发仕2, 杜玉海3, 郭全伟3, 马兴华1, 陈克玲1   

  1. 1.中国农业科学院烟草研究所/农业农村部烟草生物学与加工重点实验室,山东 青岛 266101;
    2.山东中烟工业有限责任公司,济南 250014;
    3.山东潍坊烟草有限公司,山东 潍坊 261061
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-29 出版日期:2026-01-25 发布日期:2026-02-10
  • 通讯作者: 陈克玲(1997-),女,山东济南人,研究实习员,硕士,主要从事叶片生长发育调控研究,(电子信箱)ChenKeLing1125@163.com。
  • 作者简介:王苏皖(2001-),男,安徽合肥人,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为雪茄烟栽培技术,(电子信箱)985747638@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(ASTIP-TRIC03); 中国烟草总公司山东省公司科技项目(202307)

Effects of nitrogen application rate on photosynthetic physiology of cigar tobacco and quality of wrapper leaves in Shandong tobacco-growing regions

WANG Su-wan1, WANG Yi-hui2, FAN Zeng-bo3, PENG Fa-shi2, DU Yu-hai3, GUO Quan-wei3, MA Xing-hua1, CHEN Ke-ling1   

  1. 1. Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao 266101, Shandong, China;
    2.China Tobacco Shandong Industrial Co., Ltd., Jinan 250014, China; 3.Weifang Tobacco Co., Ltd. of Shandong, Weifang 261061, Shandong, China
  • Received:2025-08-29 Published:2026-01-25 Online:2026-02-10

摘要: 为了探究山东省烟区雪茄烟的适宜施氮量,以雪茄烟品种QX103为试验材料,设置不同的施氮水平(0、75、120、165、210 kg/hm2),分析不同施氮量对雪茄烟农艺性状、物质养分积累、光合特性、外观质量、物理性状、化学成分以及经济性状的影响。结果表明,随氮肥施用量增加,烟株叶宽和叶面积均呈先增加后降低的趋势,叶片厚度、栅栏组织厚度和组织结构紧密度均呈增加趋势;叶片光合能力以及茄衣成熟度、油分、身份和色泽均匀性得分均随施氮量增加呈先升高后降低的趋势,其中施氮量为120 kg/hm2时表现最优,且该施肥量下茄衣烟叶物理特性和化学成分表现适中,符合优质茄衣品质要求,其总产量、茄衣产量、茄衣产出率和产值也均最高。由此可知,适当增加施氮量有利于促进雪茄烟的生长发育和光合作用、提高外观质量、改善茄衣的物理性状、协调化学成分。综合考虑茄衣的产量和品质,山东省烟区雪茄烟种植的适宜氮肥用量为120 kg/hm2

关键词: 雪茄, 施氮量, 茄衣, 光合生理, 品质, 山东省烟区

Abstract: In order to explore the optimal nitrogen application rate for cigar tobacco cultivation in Shandong tobacco-growing regions, using the cigar variety QX103 as experimental material, and different nitrogen application levels (0, 75, 120, 165, 210 kg/hm2) were established to analyze their effects on the agronomic traits, nutrient accumulation, photosynthetic characteristics, appearance quality, physical properties, chemical composition, and economic performance of cigar tobacco. The results showed that with increasing nitrogen application, leaf width and leaf area initially increased and then decreased. Conversely, leaf thickness, palisade tissue thickness, and tissue compactness exhibited an increasing trend. Photosynthetic capacity, as well as the score of maturity, oil content, body, and color uniformity of wrapper leaves, initially increased and then decreased with increasing nitrogen application, and the optimal performance was observed at the nitrogen application rate of 120 kg/hm2. Under this fertilization level, the physical characteristics and chemical composition of the wrapper leaves were well-balanced and met the quality standards for premium wrappers. Furthermore, the total yield, wrapper yield, wrapper output rate, and output value all reached their maximum levels at this application rate. It could be concluded that an appropriate increase in nitrogen application could promote the growth, development, and photosynthetic efficiency of cigar tobacco, enhance the appearance quality, improve the physical properties of wrapper leaves, and optimize their chemical composition. Taking into comprehensive consideration both the yield and quality of wrapper leaves, the recommended nitrogen application rate for cigar tobacco cultivation in Shandong tobacco-growing regions was 120 kg/hm2.

Key words: cigar, nitrogen application rate, wrapper, photosynthetic physiology, quality, Shandong tobacco-growing regions

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