湖北农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 65 ›› Issue (2): 223-229.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2026.02.033

• 经济·管理 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国农民职业教育研究:历史沿革、发展现状与未来展望

张韶华1a,1b,2, 张鸾1a,1b, 张蕙杰1a   

  1. 1.中国农业科学院,a.农业信息研究所;b.研究生院,北京 100081;
    2.中国就业培训技术指导中心,北京 100101
  • 收稿日期:2025-11-03 出版日期:2026-03-04 发布日期:2026-03-04
  • 通讯作者: 张蕙杰(1968-),女,湖北武汉人,研究员,博士,主要从事农经理论与政策研究,(电子信箱)zhanghuijie@caas.cn。
  • 作者简介:张韶华(1985-),男,山东文登人,在读博士研究生,研究方向为人力资源管理,(电子信箱)82101211304@caas.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    国家现代农业产业技术体系专项(CARS-08)

Research on vocational education for Chinese farmers: Historical evolution, current development and future prospects

ZHANG Shao-hua1a,1b,2, ZHANG Luan1a,1b, ZHANG Hui-jie1a   

  1. 1a. Agricultural Information Institute; 1b. Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
    2. China Employment Training Technical Guidance Center, Beijing 100101, China
  • Received:2025-11-03 Published:2026-03-04 Online:2026-03-04

摘要: 锚定2035年人才振兴目标,将农民职业教育的发展历程划分为历史(1949—2020年)、现实(2021—2025年)和未来(2026—2035年)三个阶段,基于“需求—目标—工具”分析框架,系统梳理了中国农民职业教育历史发展进程及其存在的短板漏项,现有支持政策及实施问题,以及未来发展趋势和急切需求,提出了加大全产业链涉农职业教育培训支持力度、从空间和对象两个维度持续优化职业教育资源配置、建立健全职业培训项目“顶层统筹-分层实施”协同机制,以及建立健全覆盖理论-实操-应用的涉农职业教育财政经费绩效评价体系的建议。

关键词: 农民, 职业教育, 历史沿革, 发展现状, 未来展望

Abstract: Anchored to the 2035 talent revitalization goal, the development trajectory of farmers′ vocational education was divided into three phases: history (1949-2020), present (2021-2025), and future (2026-2035). Based on the "demand-target-tool" analytical framework, the historical development process of vocational education for farmers in China, its existing shortcomings and gaps, current supporting policies and implementation issues, as well as future development trends and urgent needs were systematically reviewed. Some suggestions of enhancing support for agriculture-related vocational education and training across the entire industrial chain, continuously optimizing the allocation of vocational education resources in both spatial and target dimensions, establishing and improving a collaborative mechanism for vocational training programs featuring "top-level coordination and tiered implementation",and establishing and improving a performance evaluation system for agriculture-related vocational education funding that covered theoretical, practical, and applied dimensions were put forward.

Key words: farmers, vocational education, historical evolution, current development, future prospects

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