菌糠有机肥对甘薯根际土壤酶活性及细菌群落的影响

doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2026.04.015

湖北农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 65 ›› Issue (4): 90-95.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2026.04.015

菌糠有机肥对甘薯根际土壤酶活性及细菌群落的影响

常肖锐¹, 王政², 徐婉婷¹, 牛牧青¹, 郑永良²

1.华中农业大学生命科学技术学院,武汉 430070;
2.黄冈师范学院/经济林木种质改良与资源综合利用湖北省重点实验室,湖北黄冈 438000

收稿日期:2025-12-26 出版日期:2026-04-25 发布日期:2026-05-06
通讯作者: 郑永良（1969-）,男,湖北黄冈人,教授,博士,主要从事农林生物质资源综合开发与循环利用研究,（电子信箱）11169214@qq.com。
作者简介:常肖锐（1995-）,男,湖北钟祥人,助理工程师,硕士,主要从事农业微生物与环境方面研究,（电子信箱）18186470579@163.com。
基金资助:
湖北省科技重点研发计划项目（2020BBB091)

Effects of mushroom residue organic fertilizer on enzyme activity and bacterial community in the rhizosphere soil of sweet potato

CHANG Xiao-rui¹, WANG Zheng², XU Wan-ting¹, NIU Mu-qing¹, ZHENG Yong-liang²

1. College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
2. Huanggang Normal University/Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Huanggang 438000, Hubei, China

Received:2025-12-26 Published:2026-04-25 Online:2026-05-06

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了减轻化肥施用带来的负面影响,考察了菌糠有机肥对土壤酶活性及细菌群落的影响。以不施基肥的甘薯田为对照组（SPC）、以施用菌糠有机肥24 000 kg/hm²为试验组（SPE）开展田间试验,分别在种植0、30、60 d采集甘薯根际土壤样本并进行相关分析。结果显示,与SPC相比,30 d时SPE过氧化氢酶活性极显著增加66.7%（P<0.01）,脲酶活性显著增加7.7%（P<0.05）,蔗糖酶活性无显著差异;60 d时,蔗糖酶、脲酶、过氧化氢酶活性分别显著提高47.8%、50.0%和300.0%（P<0.01）,3种磷酸酶活性无显著差异。多样性分析表明,与SPC相比,SPE提高了土壤中细菌群落的多样性及丰富度。高通量测序结果表明,菌群相对丰度在门水平上无明显差异,但在属水平上变化明显,与SPC相比,30 d时SPE马希利亚菌属（Masslia）和德沃斯氏菌属（Devosia）的相对丰度分别提高108.7%和214.3%,而假单胞菌属（Pseudomonas）的相对丰度降低90.4%。PCoA分析结果表明,施用菌糠有机肥后细菌群落结构发生显著变化。

关键词: 菌糠有机肥, 甘薯根际土壤, 酶活性, 细菌群落, 高通量测序

Abstract: In order to mitigate the negative impacts associated with chemical fertilizer application, an investigation was conducted to examine the effects of mushroom residue organic fertilizer on soil enzyme activities and bacterial communities. A field experiment was established with a control group of sweet potato fields that received no basal fertilizer (SPC) and an experimental group treated with mushroom residue organic fertilizer at a rate of 24 000 kg/hm² (SPE). Rhizosphere soil samples from sweet potato plants were collected at 0, 30, and 60 days post-application for subsequent analysis. The results indicated that, compared to the SPC group, the catalase activity in the SPE group significantly increased by 66.7% (P<0.01), and urease activity significantly increased by 7.7% (P<0.05), while no significant differences were observed in sucrase activities at 30 days. At 60 days, compared to the SPC group, the activities of sucrase, urease, and catalase were significantly increased by 47.8%, 50.0%, and 300.0% (P<0.01), respectively, while no significant differences were observed in three phosphatase activities. Diversity analysis revealed that, compared with the SPC group, the SPE treatment enhanced both the diversity and richness of the soil bacterial community. High-throughput sequencing results demonstrated that while no significant differences were observed in relative abundance at the phylum level, notable changes occurred at the genus level. Compared with the SPC group, the relative abundances of Massilia and Devosia in the SPE group increased by 108.7% and 214.3%, respectively, at 30 days, whereas the relative abundance of Pseudomonas decreased by 90.4%. Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) further indicated that the application of mushroom residue organic fertilizer led to significant alterations in the bacterial community structure.

Key words: mushroom residue organic fertilizer, the rhizosphere soil of sweet potato, enzymatic activity, bacteria community, high-throughput sequencing

中图分类号:

常肖锐, 王政, 徐婉婷, 牛牧青, 郑永良. 菌糠有机肥对甘薯根际土壤酶活性及细菌群落的影响[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2026, 65(4): 90-95.

CHANG Xiao-rui, WANG Zheng, XU Wan-ting, NIU Mu-qing, ZHENG Yong-liang. Effects of mushroom residue organic fertilizer on enzyme activity and bacterial community in the rhizosphere soil of sweet potato[J]. HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2026, 65(4): 90-95.

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菌糠有机肥对甘薯根际土壤酶活性及细菌群落的影响

Effects of mushroom residue organic fertilizer on enzyme activity and bacterial community in the rhizosphere soil of sweet potato

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