湖北农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 65 ›› Issue (7): 17-22.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2026.07.004

• 育种·栽培 • 上一篇    下一篇

鄂西北重金属污染农田玉米镉低积累品种筛选与综合评价

徐紫刚1, 秦典锋1, 周洪宇2, 杨利3, 刘波3, 宋娜4, 洪俊3   

  1. 1.郧西县农业技术推广中心,湖北 郧西 442600;
    2.十堰市农业技术推广中心,湖北 十堰 442000;
    3.湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所/农业农村部废弃物肥料化利用重点实验室/农业环境治理湖北省工程研究中心,武汉 430064;
    4.湖北海图实业有限责任公司,武汉 430058
  • 收稿日期:2026-02-13 出版日期:2026-07-25 发布日期:2026-07-23
  • 通讯作者: 洪 俊,(电子信箱)15527816828@163.com。
  • 作者简介:徐紫刚(2000-),男,湖北黄冈人,助理农艺师,硕士,主要从事植物保护相关工作,(电子信箱)2784157216@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    湖北省重点研发计划项目(2024BCB083; 2023BBB066); 湖北省农业科学院青年科学基金项目(2025NKYJJ16); 湖北省农业生态环境保护站科技种植推广服务项目(HBXX-202505-108)

Screening and comprehensive evaluation of low-Cd accumulating maize varieties in heavy metal-contaminated farmland of Northwestern Hubei

XU Zi-gang1, QIN Dian-feng1, ZHOU Hong-yu2, YANG Li3, LIU Bo3, SONG Na4, HONG Jun3   

  1. 1. Yunxi County Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Yunxi 442600, Hubei, China;
    2. Shiyan Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China;
    3. Institute of Plant Protection and Soil-Fertilizer, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Fertilization Utilization of Waste, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Hubei Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Environment Governance, Wuhan 430064, China;
    4. Hubei Haitu Industrial Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430058, China
  • Received:2026-02-13 Published:2026-07-25 Online:2026-07-23

摘要: 为了筛选适宜鄂西北地区重金属污染农田种植、兼具高产潜力与镉(Cd)低积累特性的玉米(Zea mays L.)品种,以15个玉米品种为材料,在重金属污染农田开展随机区组试验,测定各品种农艺性状、产量及子粒Cd、铅(Pb)、铬(Cr)、砷(As)、汞(Hg)含量,采用单因素方差分析(ANOVA)和LSD法比较品种间差异,运用熵权-TOPSIS模型进行多指标综合评价与排序,并采用Pearson相关分析探究农艺性状与子粒Cd积累的关系。结果表明,不同玉米品种的子粒产量与子粒Cd含量差异均达极显著水平(P<0.001);平均产量变幅为5.48~7.66 t/hm2,其中同玉609、同玉808和梦玉298产量较高。熵权-TOPSIS模型综合评价排名前五的品种分别为伟科702、梦玉298、同玉808、滑玉130和爱禾玉501,这些优良品种普遍表现出生物量大、茎秆健壮的农艺特征。相关性分析表明,植株地上部关键农艺性状(株高、生物量)与子粒Cd积累量无显著相关性。综合来看,伟科702、梦玉298、同玉808等品种在郧西县重金属污染农田环境中表现出高产、Cd低积累特性,适宜在该区域及类似污染农田推广种植。

关键词: 玉米(Zea mays L.), 品种筛选, 重金属污染, 熵权-TOPSIS, 综合评价, 鄂西北

Abstract: To screen maize (Zea mays L.) varieties with high yield potential and low-cadmium (Cd) accumulation for heavy metal-contaminated farmland in Northwest Hubei, a randomized block experiment was conducted on a heavy metal-contaminated farmland using 15 maize varieties. The agronomic traits, yield, and the contents of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), arsenic (As) and mercury (Hg) in grain of all varieties were determined. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the LSD method were adopted to compare differences among varieties. The entropy weight-TOPSIS model was applied for multi-index comprehensive evaluation and ranking, and Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the relationships between agronomic traits and grain Cd accumulation. The results showed that extremely significant differences (P<0.001) existed in grain yield and grain Cd content among different maize varieties. The average yield ranged from 5.48 to 7.66 t/hm2, among which Tongyu 609, Tongyu 808 and Mengyu 298 presented relatively high yields. The top five varieties in the comprehensive evaluation by the entropy weight-TOPSIS model were Weike 702, Mengyu 298, Tongyu 808, Huayu 130 and Aiheyu 501. These superior varieties generally featured large biomass and robust stalks. Correlation analysis indicated that key above-ground agronomic traits (plant height, biomass) had no significant correlation with grain Cd accumulation. In conclusion, varieties including Weike 702, Mengyu 298 and Tongyu 808 exhibited high yield and low heavy metal accumulation in heavy metal-contaminated farmland of Yunxi County. They were suitable for popularization and cultivation in this area and other similarly contaminated farmlands.

Key words: maize (Zea mays L.), cultivar screening, heavy metal contamination, entropy weight-TOPSIS, comprehensive evaluation, Northwestern Hubei

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