长江流域稻田系统水肥管理措施空间优化配置及其削氮潜力

doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2026.10.009

湖北农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 65 ›› Issue (10): 59-67.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2026.10.009

长江流域稻田系统水肥管理措施空间优化配置及其削氮潜力

周奕辰¹, 阮舒荷², 岑俊毅^3,4, 王子君⁵, 孔祥琼⁶, 庄艳华^3,4

1.湖北工业大学土木建筑与环境学院,武汉 430068;
2.中国科学院水生生物研究所,武汉 430072;
3.中国科学院精密测量科学与技术创新研究院,武汉 430077;
4.中国科学院大学,北京 100049;
5.湖北省生态环境厅汉江生态环境监测中心,湖北仙桃 433000;
6.兴山县农业农村局,湖北兴山 443700

收稿日期:2026-07-27 出版日期:2026-10-25 发布日期:2026-10-23
通讯作者: 庄艳华（1982-）,女,湖北宜昌人,研究员,主要从事流域面源污染方面的研究,（电子信箱）zhuang@apm.ac.cn。
作者简介:周奕辰（2005-）,女,江苏兴化人,在读本科生,专业方向为环境工程,（电子信箱）2661247272@qq.com;共同第一作者,阮舒荷（1995-）,女,湖北襄阳人,博士,主要从事环境工程方面的研究,（电子信箱）ruansh@ihb.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目（2022YFD1700700）; 湖北省创新群体项目（2024AFA020）; 云南省重大科技专项计划项目（202402AE090022）

Spatial optimization allocation of water and fertilizer management measures and their nitrogen reduction potential in paddy field systems of the Yangtze River Basin

ZHOU Yi-chen¹, RUAN Shu-he², CEN Jun-yi^3,4, WANG Zi-jun⁵, KONG Xiang-qiong⁶, ZHUANG Yan-hua^3,4

1. School of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Environment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China;
2. Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China;
3. Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430077, China;
4. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
5. Hanjiang Ecological Environment Monitoring Center, Department of Ecology and Environment of Hubei Province, Xiantao 433000, Hubei, China;
6. Xingshan Agricultural and Rural Affairs Bureau, Xingshan 443700, Hubei, China

Received:2026-07-27 Published:2026-10-25 Online:2026-10-23

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 整合1980—2021年271个田间观测站点的农艺管理措施与水-土-气环境背景数据,基于构建的指标体系,系统评估4类节水灌溉与8类优化施肥措施在长江流域的潜在应用空间格局及综合效益。结果表明,水肥措施的适宜空间存在显著异质性,浅湿灌溉与缓控释肥的适宜性较高,分别覆盖长江流域91.06%与100.00%的稻田区域;有机无机肥配施与蓄雨灌溉的适宜性较小,覆盖范围分别为30.25%与4.11%。情景测算表明,单项节水灌溉措施能使水稻增产0.59%~12.01%且削减17.62%~38.70%的总氮（TN）排放;除减量施肥有减产风险外,单项优化施肥措施能使水稻增产4.12%~7.89%且削减0.80%~37.28%的TN排放。水肥协同可大幅提升TN减排率,减排率达45.51%~68.94%;其中,减量施肥+缓控释肥+秸秆还田+浅湿灌溉的水肥优化组合的氮减排率最大。由此可知,源头差异化减排的潜力巨大。

关键词: 稻田系统, 水肥优化管理, 农业面源污染, 氮流失, 削氮潜力, 长江流域

Abstract: Agronomic management practices and water-soil-atmosphere environmental background data from 271 field observation sites from 1980 to 2021 were integrated. Based on the established indicator system, the spatial pattern of potential application and comprehensive benefits of four types of water-saving irrigation and eight types of optimized fertilization measures across the Yangtze River Basin were systematically evaluated. The results showed significant spatial heterogeneity in the suitable areas for water-fertilizer measures. Shallow-wet irrigation and slow-controlled release fertilizer exhibited high suitability, covering 91.06% and 100.00% of paddy areas in the Yangtze River Basin, respectively. Combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers and rainfall-harvesting irrigation had relatively narrow suitable ranges, accounting for 30.25% and 4.11% of the study area, respectively. Scenario simulation indicated that individual water-saving irrigation measures could increase rice yield by 0.59%-12.01% and reduce total nitrogen (TN) emissions by 17.62%-38.70%. Except for fertilizer reduction which posed yield-reduction risks, individual optimized fertilization measures increased rice yield by 4.12%-7.89% and achieved TN emission reduction of 0.80%-37.28%. Synergistic water-fertilizer management greatly enhanced the TN reduction rate, reaching 45.51%-68.94%. Among all scenarios, the combined optimization of fertilizer reduction + slow-controlled release fertilizer + straw returning + shallow-wet irrigation achieved the maximum nitrogen reduction rate. Therefore, source-differentiated emission reduction possessed great potential.

Key words: paddy field system, optimized water-fertilizer management, agricultural non-point source pollution, nitrogen loss, nitrogen reduction potential, Yangtze River Basin

中图分类号:

S365
X712

周奕辰, 阮舒荷, 岑俊毅, 王子君, 孔祥琼, 庄艳华. 长江流域稻田系统水肥管理措施空间优化配置及其削氮潜力[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2026, 65(10): 59-67.

ZHOU Yi-chen, RUAN Shu-he, CEN Jun-yi, WANG Zi-jun, KONG Xiang-qiong, ZHUANG Yan-hua. Spatial optimization allocation of water and fertilizer management measures and their nitrogen reduction potential in paddy field systems of the Yangtze River Basin[J]. HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2026, 65(10): 59-67.

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长江流域稻田系统水肥管理措施空间优化配置及其削氮潜力

Spatial optimization allocation of water and fertilizer management measures and their nitrogen reduction potential in paddy field systems of the Yangtze River Basin

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